RNA & Central Dogma
BELLWORK-
HAVE SLATE, MARKER & ERASER ON DESK
1. What does DNA stand for?
2. Based on your answer to #1, predict what RNA stands for?
3. What is the complementary DNA strand to this sequence
GTA ATC ATA?
4. Draw and label a picture of a nucleotide.
5. Who are Watson & Crick & what do they have to do with
DNA?
Announcements
Bio 1-2: Is your science fair board turned in?
PreAP: BLAST handout get ratHBB from class
website @ home DietrichBiology.wikispaces.com
due date changed to next Tues. 1-28-14
Everyone: This is a block week, so Friday is….
Everyone: Pass out slates for today
Central Dogma (“Big Idea”) of Biology
DNA
RNA
Protein
DNA stores
information to
run cell
DNA vs RNA
•How many
nucleotides?
•3 parts of a
nucleotide?
•What does
the “B” stand
for?
Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
DNA vs RNA
What’s the
difference?
•How many
nucleotides?
•3 parts of a
nucleotide?
OH!
•What does
the “B” stand
for?
Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
Ribonucleic
Acid
Remember this?
Structure is
related to
function!
What are DNA’s
2 functions?
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in
RNA nucleotides (instead
of deoxyribose)
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in
RNA nucleotides (instead
of deoxyribose)
•In RNA, the nitrogenous
bases are G,C,A and U
(no T)
RNA Structure Notes
•RIBOSE is the sugar in
RNA nucleotides (instead
of deoxyribose)
•In RNA, the nitrogenous
bases are G,C,A and U
(no T)
•RNA is usually singlestranded
Vote by sign language:
DNA
RNA
DNA
AGCCTGCTA
TCGGACGAT
RNA
NA
RNA
NA
Try this

What might it look like if you turned this double
stranded DNA molecule into an RNA copy?
AGTTCGA
TCAAGCT
RNA:
UCAAGCU
Which DNA strand
would this RNA be the
COMPLEMENT of?
Try this

What might it look like if you turned this double
stranded DNA molecule into an RNA copy?
AGTTCGA
TCAAGCT
RNA:
UCAAGCU
Which DNA strand
would this RNA be the
COMPLEMENT of?
AGUUCGA
Do the RNA
complement for the
bottom DNA strand
DNA vs RNA
Hint: other
names for
RNA
messenger RNA
ribosomal RNA
transfer RNA
RNA has a
different
structure…
predict it’s
functions
(jobs)
Central Dogma (“Big Idea”) of Biology
DNA
RNA
Protein
DNA stores
information to
run cell
RNA’s function
is to make
proteins!
Why are proteins so important?


Proteins are made of tiny subunits…what are they
called?
What are some functions of
proteins? (Hint:
)
 Chemical
Reactions (enzymes)
 Immune System (antibodies)
 Growth & Development (hormones)
 etc.
Central Dogma (“Big Idea”) of Biology
DNA
RNA
Protein
DNA stores
information to
run cell
RNA’s function
is to make
proteins!
Proteins actually
DO the work in
the cell
Types of RNA

mRNA: messenger RNA makes a copy (message)
of the information stored in DNA & moves the info
out of the nucleus! (DNA doesn’t leave nucleus)
Codons are 3 letter “words” that
make up the message- it’s a recipe
for a protein
Types of RNA

rRNA: ribosomal RNA folds into a ribosome which
reads the mRNA codons and connects amino acids
into a chain that will become a protein
rRNA folds into 2
subunits (large & small)
Together, they make
the ribosome!
Realistic image of
rRNA folded into a
ribosome
Types of RNA

tRNA: transfer RNA transports amino acids to the
ribosome, and uses an anti-codon to match the
correct amino acid to the correct mRNA codon. It
then transfers amino acids to the growing chain.
tRNA is
T-shaped!
Closure- Structure & Function of DNA & RNA
DNA
RNA