Good Morning!
Please pick up a handout from the front desk.
1. List the Southern Colonies
Chapters 2 & 3
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The 3 G’s of Exploration:
God – spread Christianity
Gold – and other
resources like silver &
spices; also wealth & new
markets for goods
Glory – adventure, fame,
and power
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Explorers & settlers from…
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England
Denmark
The Netherlands
France
Portugal
Russia
Spain
Think about it:
Which groups settled in what
is today the United States?
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What does that mean?
◦ charter – certificate of
permission
◦ joint-stock company –
business plan founded &
run by a group of people
who invest in the plan &
share any money made (or
lost)
Delaware’s original royal charter
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Two Main Types of Colonies:
◦ Royal – under the direct
control of the Crown
(monarch of England)
◦ Proprietary – belonged to
wealthy individuals or
companies
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1st English colony: Roanoke
◦ Sir Walter Raleigh
◦ island in Virginia (today NC coast)
◦ twice settled & failed
◦ Why?
 ships had trouble landing
 sandy, infertile soil
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http://www.history.com/news/askhistory/what-happened-to-the-lost-colonyof-roanoke
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Date founded: 1607 (1st proprietary, 1624 royal)
Founder/Group: Virginia Company
Reasons for Settlement: gain wealth for England
and help with England’s population growth
Significant Facts:
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Jamestown (1607)
Powhatan & Indian lands
John Smith
John Rolfe & Pocahontas
tobacco cultivation
House of Burgesses (1619)
Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)
John Smith took control, forced colonists to farm,
& negotiated with nearby Powhatan Indians
“He who will not work,
will not eat”
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Read document and answer the questions
included in the reading.
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Welcome!
Please place your American Dream project in
the blue chair in the front of the room.
Please take out your Jamestown packet from
yesterday and continue working on the
assignment.
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What was life like in Jamestown.
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http://www.history.com/topics/jamestown
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Searching after the American Dream
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Disease
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Stake in the land
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Tobacco Cultivation
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Free Land
especially Malaria from
mosquitoes in swamps
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Hunger
colonists too weakened
by disease to farm
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War
colonists owned and
worked their own land
led by John Rolfe,
wealth for England
with Indians under
Powhatan’s leadership
got 50 acres if your
paid for your passage
(or someone else’s)
Reasons for Struggle
Reasons for
Success/Growth
Think about it…
 What was the purpose of the House of
Burgesses?
representative body – people could make laws
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Who could participate in it?
male landowners over 17 years
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What powers did it have?
make laws and make taxes
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What legacy/trend did it start?
colonists making decisions for themselves
Social Hierarchy in the Chesapeake
The owners of tobacco
plantations
Small
farmers
were
the
Tobacco
was the
basis
largest
class;
Cameof
as
of wealth
& cause
indentured
servants;
social inequalities
most were very poor
Indentured servants
were often mistreated
African slaves
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Forced onto less fertile
lands in interior b/c of
population growth
War w/ Indians
Gov. William Berkeley
taxed heavily & gave
money to wealthy
Causes
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Berkeley would not let
settlers attack all Indians
Settlers led by Nathaniel
Bacon rebelled (1676) –
burned Jamestown
Bacon died & rebellion
ended
Events
Significance: showed poorer farmers would not put
up w/ a gov’t that only helped wealthy
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Date founded: 1632
(proprietary colony)
Founder/Group: Lord Baltimore
Reasons for Settlement: create a refuge (safe
place) for Catholics who were discriminated
against
Significant Facts:
◦ More Protestants settled here
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Date founded: 1732 (proprietary colony)
Founder/Group: James Oglethorpe
Reasons for Settlement: create a buffer to
protect S. Carolina against Spanish Florida
Significant Facts:
◦ Last of the 13 colonies
◦ Set up as a haven for English
debtors
Because of Oglethorpe’s strict
rules, it became royal colony
in 1752
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Colony Chart Activity (part 2):
◦ Read pages 50-52
◦ Complete your chart for ONLY
the following colonies:
 Massachusetts (2 settlements)
 Rhode Island
New England Colonies
1.
2.
3.
4.
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
Massachusetts
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Date founded: 1620
Founder/Group:
Pilgrims – William
Bradford
Reason for Settlement:
religious freedom
Significant Facts:
◦ Mayflower Compact 1620
– doc. that established
self-government
Plymouth
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Date founded: 1630
Founder/Group:
Puritans – John
Winthrop
Reason for Settlement:
religious freedom,
create an ideal society
Significant Facts:
◦ Elected own governor –
only ones that did so
Massachusetts Bay
67%
33%
100%
100%
67%
3
2
1
0
A*
B*
C
Town
D
E
Meetings
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Complete the reading
Select one to two main points from the
reading and share with a partner.
As a group select the main point of the
reading and share with the class.
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Created by 1662 by New
England Puritans
Form of partial church
membership for children
and grandchildren of full
members
Goal: keep current
members & attract new
ones
Without looking at
your notes or map,
see if you can
identify the
following colonies.
4.
3.
2.
1.
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Date founded: 1636
Founder/Group: Roger Williams
Reasons for Settlement: create a refuge for
radical Puritans (religious dissenters)
Significant Facts:
◦ Kicked out of Mass. Bay:
 Williams – pay Indians for land
 Anne Hutchinson – argued
Mass. had not done enough
to break from Anglican ways
◦ Separation of church & state
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Salem, Massachusetts
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major Indian rebellion
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1692
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1675
Authorities tried,
convicted, & executed
19 suspected witches
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Ended when prominent
citizens were accused
Salem Witch Trials
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Indian chief Metacom
(known as “King Phillip)
blamed, but multiple
tribes fought
Indians defeated & lost
most of remaining land
King Phillip’s War
Town Hall Meetings-conducted by local tax-paying
citizens (males w/ property) to decide issues
Massachusetts Legislature established by local towns
to provide local leadership
(not just the Crown)
 1684 - Mass. lost its charter
& a new legislature established
 Mass. became a royal colony in 1691
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Colony Chart Activity (part 3):
◦ Read pages 55-59
◦ Complete your chart for ONLY
the following colonies:
 New York
 Pennsylvania
◦ Work on this part INDIVIDUALLY
Middle Colonies
1.
2.
3.
4.
New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware
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Date founded: 1625, taken by English in 1664
Founder/Group: Dutch
Reasons for Settlement: guard the mouth of the
Hudson River to protect fur trade; English
wanted it to control trade
Significant Facts:
◦ Dutch settlement – New Amsterdam
later became city of New York
◦ Tolerated other religious groups
◦ Drew diverse group of colonists
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Date founded: 1682
Founder/Group: William Penn
Reasons for Settlement: debt paid to Penn by
King Charles II of England; created to be a safe
haven for Quakers
Significant Facts:
◦ Quakers – followed “Inner Light” to
understand Bible, men & women
spiritually equal, pacifists,
tolerated other faiths
◦ Peace w/ local Indians
New
England
• small family farms
(livestock & grew
crops for own
use, not trade)
• exported lumber
& fish
• built ships
• trade
• manufacturing
• major ports:
Boston
Middle
Colonies
Southern
Colonies
• small family farms • farming – most
(exporting wheat
profitable region,
profitable)
grew tobacco,
• built ships
rice, indigo
• trade
(cotton by 1790s)
• manufacturing
• major ports:
(glass & iron)
Charleston
• major ports:
Philadelphia
New York
New
England
Middle
Colonies
Southern
Colonies
• few African
Americans
• middle class
families who
could pay for trip
• towns supported
schools = more
people literate
• greater economic
equality
• a few colleges
• few African
Americans
• came as families
• mix of towns and
small & large
farms
• most ethnically &
culturally diverse
• a few colleges
• African American
majority in areas
• poor, young,
single men –
indentured
servants
• plantation
economy, slavery
• population spread
far, few schools,
higher illiteracy
• econ. inequality
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Now that you have completed the colonial
comparison chart, turn your sheet over and
complete the Venn Diagram using the
information from the chart.
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Why did the Puritans and Quakers create
their own new settlements?
Better soil for farming
More space between neighboring
colonists
Religious freedom and tolerance
Better opportunities for trade
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Furniture
Weapons
Exotic furs
Tools
Clothing
Processed food
Jewelry
Books
Paper
Spices for cooking
Tea
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Government: salutary neglect –
allowed colonies local self-rule
Economic: mercantilism – policy
where a nation (mother country)
gained wealth by exporting
more manufactured goods than
it imported; goal: get gold &
silver through trade
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Good Morning.
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Please pick up a sheet of paper from the front
desk.
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On the paper:
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◦ Define mercantilism
◦ What impact did this have on the
colonies?
(without looking at your notes!!!)
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Three-part voyage called triangular trade
Middle Passage – forced transport of enslaved
Africans from W. Africa to Americas; cramped
ships, suffered inhumane treatment = 10% died
(pages 68-69)
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Cause: Southern Colonies needed
plantation workers
First used indentured servants
European immigration declined
by 1660s
First treated like
indentured servants –
given freedom
By mid-1600s laws to
support permanent
enslavement
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In North, worked in cities & could earn money to
pay for freedom
Many didn’t share a culture (language or religion)
Blended African traditions to create new culture
Most adopted Christianity blended w/ some
African traditions
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What would happen if the colonies united?
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What would happen if England could produce
natural resources?
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What would happen if England allowed the
colonies to trade with other countries?
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What would happen if there were no Middle
colonies?
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What would happen is the foundations of religion
that were established in the New England
colonies spread to the Southern Colonies?
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Enlightenment (1600s & 1700s) –
thinkers believed that all problems
could be solved using human
reason; challenged old ways
Significance for Colonies:
Inspired Benjamin Franklin scientist (invented lightning rod &
bifocal glasses), political
statesmen, printer, and writer of
American literature (Poor Richard’s
Almanac)
Represented social mobility &
colonial spirit of individualism
 Great Awakening (mid 1700s) –
religious movement that featured
passionate preaching from
evangelical leaders
 Preachers:
 Jonathan Edwards – “Sinners in
the Hand of an Angry God”
 George Whitefield
 Significance:
encouraged colonists to think for
themselves on religious matters;
extended to ideas about gov’t
George Whitefield
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WHAT?
Virginia’s development (Jamestown)
House of Burgesses
Bacon’s Rebellion
half-way covenant
French settlement of Quebec.
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SSUSH1 The student will describe European settlement in North
America during the 17th century.
a. Explain Virginia’s development; include the Virginia Company,
tobacco cultivation, relationships with Native Americans such as
Powhatan, development of the House of Burgesses, Bacon’s
Rebellion, and the development of slavery.
b. Describe the settlement of New England; include religious
reasons, relations with Native Americans (e.g., King Phillip’s War),
the establishment of town meetings and development of a
legislature, religious tensions that led to the founding of Rhode
Island, the half-way covenant, Salem Witch Trials, and the loss of
the Massachusetts charter and the transition to a royal colony.
c. Explain the development of the mid-Atlantic colonies; include
the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam and subsequent English
takeover, and the settlement of Pennsylvania.
d. Explain the reasons for French settlement of Quebec.
e. Analyze the impact of location and place on colonial
settlement, transportation, and economic development; include
the southern, middle, and New England colonies.