Guided Reading for Modules 1-6
*Use these as you review each lesson.
Guided Reading 1.05
1. Greece is the “___________________ of Civilization” because she gave us _____________,
______________, and ___________. (Choose 3.)
2. A city-state was a _________________ and the surrounding _______________.
3. The city of _______________ had the first democracy.
4. “Democracy” means ________________________________________.
5. The city of ________________ was ruled by its military.
6. Greek culture was spread by the ___________ ____________.
7. The Roman Empire spread over 3 continents, from _________, to____________,
to__________, and to ___________.
8. Rome gave us ______________, ______________________, and
______________________.
9. Rome’s Senate was made of wealthy people (“____________________”) and common people
(“__________________”).
10. Rome fell because of problems caused by its _______________________.
11. During the Age of Absolutism, _______________________ ruled most of W. Europe.
12. “_______________ right” was the belief the king ruled by God’s will.
13. The English Glorious Revolution was a result of a C_____________ king being overthrown by
the common people who were P________________.
14. The French Revolution resulted from the gap between poverty of its people and the ____of the
king.
Guided Reading 1.07 Terms
1. ________________ Government run by the people, can be direct or representative
2. ________________ States joined together loosely, without a strong central government
3. ________________ A government with powers divided between national and state
governments
4. ________________ Belief that power is in the hands of the people who are governed
5. ________________ State of lawlessness; usually there is no government in power
6. ________________ People elect representatives to govern them
7. ________________ Authority is shared by different branches of government
8. ________________ The power of the different government branches to block actions of other
branches
9. ________________ The idea the government doesn’t have complete power
Guided Reading 2.03 Articles of Confederation (Our first constitution)
1. The Americans didn’t form a _____________ central government because they were afraid the
leaders would act like the king.
2. The states’ confederation was to be a league of _____________.
3. Each state received __________ vote in Congress.
4. __________________ had the power to declare war.
5. Weaknesses included no power to ________ and no p______________.
6. Shays’ Rebellion was over the collection of _________ and judgments for ______________.
Guided Reading 2.04
1. The meeting to make the new constitution was originally called the ______________
___________.
2. ____________________________ was selected to lead the Constitutional Convention.
Be sure to complete the work file for the SAS lesson.
The V_____________ Plan proposed that states’ populations would determine the number of
representatives to Congress. The Great Compromise divided the two houses of Congress into
one with equal representation for all states and the other house depending on the population.
3. The ____________________were in favor of ratifying the Constitution; the
___________________ were against it.
4. The authors of The Federalists were __________________, _________________, and
_________.
Guided Reading 2.05
1. ________________________________ wrote the Constitution.
2. In order to get the states to accept the Constitution, the Federalists promised to add a
_________________________ at the first session of Congress.
3. The Preamble states the purpose of the ________________________ and gives 6 goals.
4. “More perfect Union” refers to having a country that is more perfect under the Constitution than
it was under the ________________________ _____ ________________________.
5. The body of the Constitution is made up of the 7 ____________________________________.
6. Article I: _________________________ Branch – Congress
7. Article II – Executive Branch – the ____________________
8. Article III – Judicial Branch – the _______________ Court and powers of the courts
9. Article IV – Interstate Relations – how the ________________ will work with each other
10. Article V – Amending Power – how the ________________________ can be changed
11. Article VI – The Supremacy Act – the _______________________ government is supreme
over the ___________________ governments.
12. Article VII – Ratification – how they would adopt the Constitution in 1787-1788. Includes ideas
about
separation of p_____________, checks and b____________, and federalism.
Guided Reading 2.06
1. Which branch of government:
a. Makes laws
b. Reviews laws to see if they are constitutional
c. Enforces laws
d. Has a Senate and a House of Representatives
e. Has a cabinet to advise the President
f. The justices serve life terms.
2. Every state has ______ Senators for a total of 100
3. There are ___________ members in the House of Representatives; the number a state has
depends on its percentage of the total U.S. population. The state receives that percentage of
the members.
4. Presidents serve a term of ________ years and may be elected just two times.
Guided Reading 2.07
1. The branches of government get their power from the C____________________________.
2. Checks and balances: which branch’s power is being “checked:”
a. President calls a special session of Congress
b. Congress can impeach federal judges
c. The courts can declare presidential acts unconstitutional
d. The president nominates federal judges and judges for the Supreme Court
e. Congress approves the federal budget.
f. The President can veto Congressional legislation.
g. Judicial branch can declare laws unconstitutional
Guided Reading 2.08
1. Federalism is the __________________ of powers in a government.
2. Both federal and state governments get their powers from the ____________________.
Guided Reading for Lessons 3.01 and 3.02
1. Article ___ established the Judicial Branch.
2. There are ____ Supreme Court Justices who serve __________ terms, and their pay can’t be
____________________ while they are in office.
3. The ______________________ _______ of 1789 established the lower courts.
Federal Courts
4. Most cases heard by the Supreme Court deal with the C________________ or a
f_______________ law. It also hears original cases involving the U.S. government, state
governments, and big issues like equal rights but not cases brought by one of its Justices.
5. Most federal cases originate (begin) in a d_______________ court; it hears original cases
only.
6. A court of ______________, also called a circuit court, hears cases that are appealed but not
original ones.
7. Individuals can file a lawsuit in a ________________ trial, but the government files a suit in a
______________________ trial.
8. Two types of juries: Grand juries decide whether there is enough evidence for a
____________; petit juries sit through the trial and decide _________________ or
__________________.
State Court System
9. State courts are formed by, and receive their power from, the state’s
c_________________________.
10. If there is an objection on legal grounds to the outcome of a case, the case goes to a court of
a_____________________________________.
11. ______________% of all judicial activity in the U.S. occurs in state and local courts; the county
courts hear the most cases.
12. County courts hear family disputes, juvenile cases, traffic cases, and misdemeanors (less
serious criminal matters.)
Guided Reading for Lesson 3.03 The Supreme Court
1. A_________________________ jurisdiction is the power to review decisions made by other
courts. O____________________________ jurisdiction is the power to hear a case for the
first time.
2. A Justice who disagrees with the majority ruling may write a D_________________ Opinion.
3. The case of Marbury vs. Madison established ______________________
________________, the power of the courts to decide on the constitutionality of decisions
made by the other branches of government and other government agencies.
4. The current Chief Justice is ______________________________.
Guided Reading for Lesson 3.08 Civil Liberties
1. Civil liberties (such as the freedom of expression) are found in the ________ Amendment and
apply to all people. Civil _______________ are the rights to equal protection of the law.
2. President Lincoln suspended the right of _______________ ____________________ (the
right to have a person’s imprisonment reviewed by a judge to make sure it is lawful and
justified.)
3. The purpose of the _______________________ Act was to give law enforcement agencies
more resources to find out about terrorist threats. It was passed by __________________
and signed by President ____________________.
Lesson 5.04
1. President Roosevelt used radio to speak with the people during his “_____________
___________.”
2. _________ _______________ won the 1960 Presidential election after his televised debate
with Richard Nixon.
3. President __________ _____________ was nicknamed the "Great Communicator."
4. Which persuasive technique is being used when a cartoonist
a. uses simple objects or pictures to stand for broader concepts?
b. draws a contrast between how things are and the way they are expected to be?
c. goes overboard when drawing the physical characteristics of a person or thing?
Lesson 5.05
1. When the President makes treaties, the _____________________ approves them.
2. Would each of the following be part of foreign or domestic policy?
a. Imperialism (expansion of United States territory)
b. Isolationism (staying out of foreign affairs)
c. Health care
d. Immigration
e. Fighting terrorism
Lesson 5.06
1. Economic belief the government should have a "hands-off" approach to the economy
2. Theory that states that it is healthy for the economy if the government is involved in setting
economic policy
3. When the government spends a lot of borrowed money, it is called ________ ______.
4. Theory that by giving money-saving benefits to big business, then big business will pass down
those savings to the consumer and the consumer will start spending more
Lesson 5.07
Which president
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
sent troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to assist with the desegregation of schools?
was the first Roman Catholic President?
resigned from office because of the Watergate break-in scandal?
served during a time of high inflation, rising energy costs, unemployment and the Iranian
hostage crisis?
helped bring an end to the Cold War and presided during the longest recorded period of
peacetime prosperity.
was the leader during the war called Desert Storm?
was the second president to be impeached?
was president during the Iraq War when Saddam Hussein was overthrown?
Module Reviews
*Use these as you review your notes to be sure you are familiar with the major topics and
terms from each module.
Module 1 Review
You may find it helpful to review the following terms and concepts from module 1.

Government
o The need for government
o Terms to know: government

Origins of Modern Government
o Contributions of Ancient Greeks
o Contributions of Ancient Romans
o Birthplace of Western Civilization
o Western Europe
o Age of Absolutism
o Glorious Revolution
o French Revolution
o Terms to know: democracy, city-state, plebeians, patricians

Types of Governments
o Definitions of the types
o Advantages and disadvantages of the types
o Examples of the types
o Terms to know: democracy, direct democracy, representative democracy,
oligarchy, autocracy, monarchy, totalitarianism, dictatorship, nation-state

Government Terms
o Terms to know: anarchy, checks and balances, confederation, federalism, limited
government, popular sovereignty, republic, separation of power
Module 2 Review
You may find it helpful to review the following terms and concepts from modules 2

The Enlightenment
o Ideas of the Enlightenment era
o Political theories of the Enlightenment era and how they shaped our government
o People to know: John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Charles de Montesquieu,
Sir Isaac Newton, Denis Diderot, Voltaire

Declaration of Independence
o Major grievances against King George III
o Parts of Declaration of Independence
o Lexington and Concord
o Terms to know: First Continental Congress, Second Continental Congress,
Common Sense, docent
o People to know: King George III, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, Ben Franklin,
John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston

Articles of Confederation
o Overview of the Articles
o Weakness of the Articles
o Shay’s Rebellion

Ratification of the Constitution
o Constitutional Convention
o Federalists vs Anti- Federalists
o Terms to know: ratify, Virginia Plan, New Jersey Plan, Critical Period
The Constitution
o Preamble- purposes of government
o Articles 1-7- structure of government, “body”
o Amendments- 1-27
o Bill of Rights
o People to know: James Madison


Branches of Government
o Name
o Location
o Overview

Checks and Balances
o Purpose
o Examples

Federalism
o Terms to know: federalism, confederation, unitary system
o Hurricane Katrina
o Federal, state, and local laws
Module 3 Review Sheet: Terms and Concepts to Know

Judicial Branch
o Supreme Court
o Supreme Court Justices
o Court of Appeals
o District Court
o Civil law vs Criminal Law
o Grand Jury vs Petit Jury
o Judiciary Act of 1789

State and Local Courts
o Original jurisdiction
o County Courts
o Circuit Courts
o District Court of Appeals
o State Supreme Court

Supreme Court
o Term
o Nomination process
o Terms to know: appellate jurisdiction, opinion, dissenting opinion, original
jurisdiction, “rule of four,” judicial review
o People to know: Supreme Court Justices, Chief Justice John Marshall

Bill of Rights
o Purpose
o Rights and Freedoms
o Amendments 1-10
o Tinker vs Des Moines
o Tinker Standard

Jury Duty
o Amendment 6 & 7
o Jury selection
o Terms to know- civic duty, voir dire

Amendments to the Constitution
o Article 5
o Amendments 11-27
o Terms to know: abolition, women’s suffrage

Civil Rights
o 14th amendment
o Brown vs. Board of Education
o Civil Rights Act of 1964
o Americans with Disabilities Act
o Terms to know: segregation, sit-in, freedom ride, bus boycott
o People to know: Rosa Parks, Rev. Martin Luther King Jr

Civil Liberties and the Patriot Act
o Civil liberties- examples
o Patriot Act- reasons, debate surrounding
o Terms to know: habeas corpus, ACLU
Module 4 Review Sheet: Terms and Concepts to Know

Legislative Branch
o House of Representatives- members, duties, term, qualifications
o Senate- members, duties, term, qualifications
o Terms to know: bicameralism

Powers of Congress
o Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution
o Similarities and differences of power in the House and Senate
Module 3 Review Sheet

Congressional elections
o Terms of office for the House of Representative and the Senate
o Qualifications for becoming a member of Congress
o Terms to know: incumbent, gerrymandering, redistricting

Political parties
o Differences between Democrats and Republicans
o Terms to know: political party, third party, primary, caucus, two-party system

Interest groups
o Types of interest groups
o Purpose of interest groups
o Terms to know: lobby, political action committees (PAC)

Representing the people
o Why we should take an active role in government
o How should we take an active role in government

Elected officials
o How to monitor elected officials
o Why we should monitor elected officials
o Constituent services

How a bill becomes a law
o Process from idea to the President
o Why we should monitor elected officials
o Terms to know: bill, sponsor, veto
Module 5 Review: Key Terms and Concepts to Know
Executive Branch
o
o
o
o
o
Qualifications to become President
Duties of a President
Electoral College
Purpose and members of the Presidential Cabinet
President’s relationship with the media
Policy making
o
o
o
o
Examples of foreign policy
Examples of domestic policy
Examples of economic policy
Terms to know: policy, UN, NATO, isolationism, laissez-faire economics,
Keynesian economics, deficit spending, trickle-down theory
Impeachment
o
o
o
o
Process
Watergate scandal
Presidents who have been impeached
Terms to know: impeachment
Module 6 Review: Key Terms and Concepts to Know
State Government and Local Government
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
structure
Powers of the state vs. federal government
Concurrent powers
Role of Direct Democracy
Primary purpose of city government
Services provided by local government
Terms to know: concurrent powers, direct democracy, initiative, referendum, recall
Citizenship
o Naturalization process
o Rights and Responsibilities of citizens
o Terms to know: naturalization, Fourteenth Amendment, right, responsibility, alien,
dual citizenship, jus sanguinis, jus soli, National, naturalization, refugee, right of
expatriation
Voting
o Requirements, how to register, why it’s important
o Terms to know: Fifteenth Amendment, Nineteenth Amendment, Twenty-sixth
Amendment
American Symbols
o Greatest symbol of America and why?