"Betts v. Brady - 316 U.S. 455 (1942)." Supreme.justia.com. US Supreme Court Center, May
2003. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
This document is the opinion of the court of the Betts v. Brady case in 1942. In this case,
the defendant wasn’t given counsel. Counsel is a lawyer for him in the case. According to the
judge, it was “not the practice in Carroll County to appoint counsel for indigent defendants”. The
justice that delivered this opinion of the court was Justice Felix Frankfurter. He was the
Associate Justice from 1939- 1962. This document will be used to show another instance where
the rights of the accused were not followed by courts. This source doesn’t seem to be biased in
any way.
"Brown v. Mississippi - 297 U.S. 278 (1936)." Http://supreme.justia.com/. US Supreme Court
Center, Mar. 2003. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
This document is the opinion of the court from the Brown v. Mississippi case in 1936. In
this case, the defendants were given lawyers. However, they were being tortured. This goes right
against the 14th amendment of the bill of rights, which is one of the rights of the accused. They
defendant later confessed to the crime and was sentenced to death. But he only confessed to stop
the torture. This opinion of court was delivered by Charles Evans Hughes. He was the chief
justice of the united states from 1930-1941, and he was nominated by Herbert Hoover, the 31st
president of the U.S. This source will be used as another instance where the rights of the accused
were not followed. This source also led me to another case, Betts v. Brady, of which I will also
be using in my project. This source doesn’t have any bias.
"Gideon v. Wainwright." Civil Rights in America. Woodbridge, CT: Primary Source Media,
1999. American Journey. U.S. History in Context. Web. 4 Dec. 2013
This document is the opinion of the court from the Gideon v. Wainwright case in 1963. In
this case, the defendant was not given a lawyer, even thought he was entitled to one. According
to the court, a person had to be charged with capital offense to get a lawyer, which was incorrect.
The court justice of this case was Hugo Black. He served for 10 years as Supreme Court justice,
the fifth-longest to ever serve. I will be using this source to show that the rights of the accused
were not always used. This is one of those instances. This source seems to be biased towards the
defendant’s side; however, this will not affect my project. The project is about the rights of the
accused and how they were not used all of the time in court cases.
Lewis, Anthony. Defending Gideon. 2013. Drawing. Http://ugalawlibrary.wordpress.com/.
Ugalaw Library, 26 Sept. 2013. Web. 15 Dec. 2013
This is a drawing of Clarence Earl Gideon. This shows that even 50 years later, the
government is still trying to fight this case, years after he had died. He had not been given a
lawyer during his trial, and this has caused many problems in the long run. Anthony Lewis has
written a book on this case entitled Gideon’s Trumpet. He has also been awarded the Pulitzer
Prize twice. I will be using this source to further explain how much of a problem this case
caused. The drawing seems to be biased towards Gideon. It shows him as a clean, good person,
as opposed to a criminal. This is what I am arguing, so it will have no effect.
Madison, James. "Bill of Rights of the United States of America (1791)."
Http://billofrightsinstitute.org/. Bill of Rights Institute, 2010. Web. 15 Dec. 2013.
This document is the first ten amendments to the U.S. constitution. These include many
rights they we as American citizens have today. The bill of rights also includes the rights of the
accused (amendments 4-7). The author, James Madison, gives many different basic rights that
we now have today. These include the right to bear arms, freedom of speech, and the rights of
the accused. James Madison was one of our presidents, and he had a big part in writing the U.S>
constitution. I will use this source to state the rights of the accused, and to explain them. This
source doesn’t have any bias.
Mott, Johnathan. "Rights of the Accused." ThisNation.com. Britannica.com, July 2001. Web. 1
Dec. 2013.
This article is about the basics of the rights of the accused. Mott writes about how they came to
be and what each of them are. He describes each section with great detail and gives examples.
He also gives some examples of cases of which these rights could have helped, or they were first
used. Johnathan Mott has a Ph.D. of political science from the University of Oklahoma. He has
taught many different political classes at the University of Oklahoma and Brigham Young
University. I will use this source in my work to talk about the background of these rights. I will
connect these to different cases given throughout the article. This article does not seem biased in
any way.
Rees, Stu. Betts v. Brady. 2006. Http://www.stus.com/. Maddy Dodson, May 2006. Web. 15
Dec. 2013.
This is Rees’ interpretation of what happened at Betts v. Brady. The Author shows that
the court’s decision was not a good one. It shows that at that time, the government didn’t care
about the rights of the accused like they do now. Stu Rees graduated from Harvard Law School,
as well as Maddy Dodson. He has also been given the Silver T-Square Award. I will use this
picture to show how bad the court’s decision to not give the defendants counsel was. This source
is biased towards the defendants, which is what I am trying to prove. So it will have no effect on
my paper.
Rees, Stu. Brown V. Mississippi. 2006. Http://www.stus.com/. Maddy Dodson, June 2006. Web.
15 Dec. 2013.
This picture shows what happened to the defendants in order to get
information/confessions from them. The government tortured them in order to get them to
confess to the crime. Later, it was shown that they might have been false confessions, and they
just did it to stop the torture. Stu Rees graduated from Harvard Law School, as well as Maddy
Dodson. He has also been given the Silver T-Square Award. I will use this picture to show how
the government treated the defendants terrible, and forgot about the rights of the constitution.
This source doesn’t seem to have any bias.
Ufrosky, Melvin. "Rights of the People: Individual Freedoms and the Bill of Rights." Ait.org.
Bureau of International Information Programs, Dec. 2003. Web. 3 Dec. 2013.
This article is about how the rights of the accused are important today. Urofsky explains
the process of how these amendments made it into the bill of rights. He also writes about many
different cases that brought the rights of the accused to the bill of rights, such as the Brown v.
Mississippi case in 1963. Melvin Urofsky got his Ph.D. at Columbia University, and a Law
Degree at the University of Virginia. He has also written over 50 books, and he has also taught at
many universities, including Ohio State and the State University of New York. I will be using
this source to get specific court cases where the rights of the accused could have helped. This one
article contains about 7 cases. He has also included many other books and articles relating to this
topic, of which I will use for further research. This source does not seem to have any bias