NATIONAL CONFRENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR
KHARIF COMPAIGN - 2013
VENUE: NASC, PUSA COMPLEX, NEW DELHI.
Department of Agriculture, Punjab
PUNJAB AGRICULTURE : AN OVERVIEW
• Area (geographical) : 50.4 lakh ha
• Net sown area: 42 lakh ha (84% of state’s area)
• Irrigated area: 40.73 lakh ha (98%)
– Canals
: 11.15 lakh ha (27%)
– Tubewells : 29.56 lakh ha (71%) through 13.84 lakh tubewells
• Total cropped area: 78.75 lakh ha
• Cropping intensity: 189.4%
• Cropping Systems : Rice-Wheat; Cotton-Wheat; and Maize-Wheat
• During 2011-12 Punjab produced a 292.16 LMT of food grains
Punjab produces about 11% of country’s and 2% of world’s Rice
Strategies and Initiatives for XII Plan
NEED FOR CROP DIVERSIFICATION
 Encouraging results of new initiatives BGREI (Bringing Green Revolution to
Eastern India)
 Increase in production in some States to meet most of their PDS requirements
 Alarming groundwater depletion due to rice cultivation.
 Increasing Electricity subsidy bill
 Need to sustainably manage natural resources of the state for future
generations.
Consequently, Punjab must diversify from rice-wheat
rotation, primarily rice
The Govt. of Punjab has submitted Memorandum to GoI on 29.10.2012 for
Diversification of State Agriculture away from Paddy.
PROPOSED PLAN FOR DIVERSIFICATION
Crop
Rice
Maize
Cotton
Sugarcane
Guar
Kharif Fodder
Arhar
Mungbean
Kinnow
Guava
Agro-forestry
Groundnut
Turmeric, chilli, tomato,
garlic, Capsicum, Kh. Onion
Current Potential
Districts
area
area
(lakh ha) (lakh ha)
28.0
16.0 Amritsar, Gurdaspur, Tarntarn,
Ferozepur, Kapurthala
1.3
5.5 Traditional areas
4.8
7.0 South-western districts
0.7
2.6 Majha and Doaba regions
0.3 South-western districts
4.0
5.5 Throughout the state
Negligible
0.6 Central districts
0.2
0.6 Central districts
0.4
0.8 Traditional areas
0.07
0.2 Hoshiarpur, Ferozepur,
1.3
3.0 Kandi belt and Cental districts (Poplar);
South-western districts (Eucalyptus)
0.2 Hoshiarpur, Nawanshahar
0.2
0.5 Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala, Jalandhar,
Amritsar
YEAR-WISE PLAN FOR NET SHIFT IN AREA
FROM PADDY TO ALTERNATIVE CROPS
Yearly proposed net increase in area
Crop
1st year
2nd
year
(000 ha)
3rd year 4th year 5th year 6th year
Total
Cotton
50
50
50
50
-
-
200
Maize
25
50
50
100
100
100
425
Sugarcane
25
25
25
50
50
-
175
Pulses
-
10
10
20
30
-
70
Fodder
10
10
20
30
30
-
100
Fruits and Vegetables
10
25
25
25
-
-
85
Agro-forestry
15
15
25
30
30
30
145
135
185
205
305
240
130
1200
Total
INITIATIVES FOR DIVERSIFICATION
 A remunerative MSP to create infrastructure for cultivation of alternate crops,
to cover the production risks and to incentivize the farmers to shift
 Creation of an efficient marketing infrastructure and mechanism for alternate
crops
 Availability of quality seeds for alternative crops.
 An appropriate
diversification.
national
trade
policy
in
agriculture
for
export
led
 Opening of trade for all crops through Wagha Border and provision of freight
subsidy.
 Adequate funding for technology generation and dissemination
 Infrastructure for agro-processing through rural industrialization
Interventions/ Activities during 2013-14
RICE
PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS

INTRODUCTION
OF
NEW
WATER
SAVING
TECHNOLOGIES
TRANSPLANTING ON RAISED BEDS AND DIRECT SEEDING OF RICE.

ASSURED SUPPLY OF CANAL WATER AND ELECTRICITY (FOR 8 HOURS) FOR TIMELY
TRANSPLANTAION.

USE OF LEAF
FERTILIZERS.

FARMERS FIELD SCHOOLS TO BE ORGANIZED .
Year
COLOR
CHARTS
Area (lac ha.)
FOR
NEED
BASED
APPLICATION
Productivity (Kg./ ha.)
OF
VIZ.
NITROGENOUS
Production (lac MT)
2009-10
28.02
4010
112.36
2010-11
28.31
3828
108.37
2011-12
28.18
3741
105.42
2012-13(E)
28.45
3996
113.69
2013-14(T)
27.50
4000
110.00
MAIZE
PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS
 ARRANGEMENTS OF ABOUT 30000 QTLS. OF HYBRIDS SEEDS TO ACHIEVE
100% SEED REPLACEMENT.
 EMPHASIS ON PROPER PLANT POPULATON THROUGH MACHNISED PLANTING
 STRESS ON INM AND IPM.
Year
Area
(lac ha.)
Productivity
(Kg./ ha.)
Production
(lac MT)
2009-10
1.39
3414
4.75
2010-11
1.33
3693
4.91
1.26
3981
5.02
2012-13(E)
1.29
3650
4.71
2013-14 (T)
1.50
3600
5.40
2011-12
KHARIF OILSEEDS AND PULSES
PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS
EFFORTS TO INCREASE AREA UNDER SUMMER MOONG.
ADOPTATION OF IMPROVED HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES ESPECIALLY FOR
RAPESEED, MUSTARD AND SUNFLOWER
PROMOTION OF IPM AND INM.
Area: lac ha
KHARIF OILSEEDS
Area
Production
Production: MT
KHARIF PULSES
Area
Production
2009-10
0.10
0.06
0.14
0.12
2010-11
0.08
0.06
0.15
0.12
2011-12
0.07
0.05
0.13
0.9
2012-13(E)
0.06
0.04
0.11
0.9
2013-14(T)
0.13
0.09
0.23
0.19
COTTON
PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS
 MORE AREA UNDER BT. COTTON HYBRIDS - ARRANGEMENTS OF 25 lac
PACKETS OF APPROVED HYBRIDS.
 ADEQUATE SUPPLY OF CANAL WATER DURING APRIL
SOWING OF COTTON.
 PROMOTION OF IPM ON COTTON
 SUPPLY OF QUALITY PESTICIDES AND THEIR EFFICIENT USE.
Year
FOR
Area (lac ha.)
Productivity
(Kg/ha)
Production
(lac bales)
2009-10
5.11
667
20.06
2010-11
4.83
641
18.22
2011-12
5.15
535
16.21
2012-13(E)
4.81
581
16.44
2013-14(T)
5.20
640
19.58
TIMELY
SUGARCANE
PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS



PROPAGATION OF SEED THROUGH TISSUE CULTURE.
STRESS WILL BE LAID ON SOWING ON RIDGES AND TRENCHES TO SAVE
IRRIGATION WATER.
PROMOTION OF IPM ON SUGARCANE.
Year
Area
(Lac ha)
Productivity
(Kg/ha in cane)
Production
(Lac MT)
2009-10
0.60
67600
40.56
2010-11
0.70
70059
49.04
2011-12
0.80
70664
56.53
2012-13(E)
0.82
69195
56.73
2013-14(T)
0.95
70000
66.50
CAPACITY BUILDING OF FIELD FUNCTIONARIES
AND FARMERS
Two-day workshop for staff of Department of Agriculture, KVK
and FASS regarding kharif crops on 13-14 Feb, 2013.
District/block/Village-level Farmers Training Camps in collaboration with
PAU
Awareness campaign through print and electronic media
Road side panels and hoardings under National Food Security Mission
Demonstration plots, field days and Farmers Field Schools
Display boards depicting details of components and rate of assistance
available under various schemes at each office
Awareness campaign amongst farmers for use of Kisan Call Centre.
KHARIF PROSPECTS
Area =Lac.ha. Prod=Lac.MT.
Sr. No.
CROP
Kharif 2012
Area
1
Rice
2
Proposed Target Kharif 2013
Prod.
Area
Prod.
28.45
113.69
27.50
110.00
Maize
1.29
4.71
1.50
5.40
3
Bajra
0.02
0.02
0.05
0.05
4
Kharif Pulses
0.11
0.09
0.23
0.19
29.87
118.51
29.28
115.64
Kh. Food Grains
5
Kharif Oilseeds
0.06
0.04
0.13
0.09
6
Sugarcane
0.82
56.73
95
66.50
7
Cotton
4.81
16.44
5.20
19.58
RABI ASSESSMENT
Area= Lac.ha. Prod.= Lac.MT.
S.
CROP
NO.
Rabi 2012-13
(Estimated)
Area
Production
Rabi Prospects
2013-14
Area
Production
1.
Wheat
35.15
176.38
34.70
163.00
2.
Barley
0.15
0.54
0.20
0.70
3.
Pulses
0.10
0.12
0.25
0.30
35.40
177.04
35.15
164.00
Rabi Food grains
4.
Rabi Oilseed
0.35
0.46
0.50
0.65
5.
Sunflower
0.20
0.35
0.25
0.45
Specific Issues of the State
ISSUES
 Crop Diversification
 Climate change.
 Stagnating productivity and increasing cost of production
thereby decreasing margins of farmers.
 Non procurement of alternate crops at MSP.
 Degradation
of
natural
resources
environment.
 Attack of yellow rust on wheat
i.e.
soil,
water
and
Good Agricultural Practices and
Success Stories
Rice
• Use laser land leveler for precision land levelling before puddling to
enhance on farm water use efficiency and other farm inputs
• Restrict to timely sowing of nursery(second fortnight of May) and
timely transplanting schedule (second fortnight of June) for better
grain quality, water saving and low building up stem borer
• Use Leaf Colour Chart for nitrogen application
• For the management of bacterial leaf blight disease, grow rice
varieties PR 111, PR 113, PR 115 , PR 121 and PR 122
Laser land leveler
Leaf Colour Chart
………..Rice
• Use tensiometer for scheduling
irrigation
• To save water, plant early maturing
variety PR 115
• Stop irrigation about a fortnight
before maturity
• Avoid transplanting paddy in poor
sandy soil
• Regular
monitoring
of
insect
population
• Synthetic pyrethroids should not be
used for the control of rice insectpests
• Use seed treatment to avoid seed
borne disease.
• Avoid mixing of varieties of basmati
Tensiometer
Cotton
•
•
•
•
•
Grow only recommended varieties / hybrids resistant / tolerant to cotton
leaf curl viral disease.
Must soak delinted seed in water for 2-4 hours.
Heavy pre-sowing irrigation is must to obtain good germination and
early establishment of plants.
Give 4 sprays of 2% potassium nitrate (13:0:45) starting at flower
initiation, at weekly interval.
Eradicate alternate hosts of cotton leaf curl virus/volunteer cotton plants
before sowing, to avoid the multiplication and spread of disease.
LH 2076
………Cotton
• Avoid growing bhindi, moong, arhar, castor, dhaincha in
and around the cotton fields to avoid simultaneous build
up and spread of pests and diseases to cotton.
• Follow cultural control for management of mealy bug.
• Spray to control jassid only when it reaches economic
threshold level of second Injury grade i.e. marginal
cupping of leaves.
• Avoid tank mixing and use of readymade insecticidal
mixtures.
• Follow Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM)
strategy for effective management of insect pests.
• Use fixed type hollow-cone nozzle which discharges
600 ml of spray material per minute for efficient pest
control.
Bt Cotton
• Grow only recommended hybrids Bt cotton.
• Avoid sowing Bt cotton in light sandy soils.
• Give first irrigation 4-6 weeks after sowing
depending on soil type. Last irrigation in
September is must.
• Grow non Bt cotton as refuge on the
periphery of Bt cotton to prevent
development of resistance against Bt in
bollworms.
• Control sucking pests and tobacco
caterpillar as and when situation arises.
Maize
• Grow
maize
without
any
preparatory tillage with zero till
drill after conventional or zero till
sown wheat.
• Sow the maize in trenches made
by tractor /bullock drawn ridger
from end- May to mid- June to
facilitate easy and economical
irrigation during dry and hot
weather conditions.
• Use of Leaf Colour Chart for
nitrogen application
• To avoid flooding, drain away
excess water by making a drain
of adequate capacity at the lower
end of the field.
LCC in maize
Pulses
Moong
• Grow yellow mosaic virus
tolerant varieties of moong
PAU 911, ML 818, ML 613
• Inoculate the moong seed
with recommended
Rhizobium culture at the
time of sowing.
• Grow moong without seed
bed preparation with zero
till drill after conventional
and zero till sown wheat
PAU 911
…….Pulses
Mash
• Grow mash varieties Mash 114
and Mash 338 which are fairly
resistant to yellow mosaic virus,
bacterial
leaf
spot
and
cercospora leaf spot diseases.
Mash 338 is also tolerant to
jassid and whitefly.
Arhar
• Sow arhar without any tillage
operation with zero till drill after
conventional or zero till sown
wheat
Mash 114
……Pulses
Soybean
• Grow improved varieties
SL 744 and SL 525
which are resistant to
yellow mosaic virus. SL
525 is also tolerant to
stem blight and rootknot nematode.
• Inoculate the seed with
specific bacterial culture
at sowing to supplement
the nitrogen supply to
the crop.
SL 744
….soybean
• Treat the seed with Captan or Thiram @ 3g/kg
of seed against soil borne disease. If soybean
is being sown for the first time in the fields, use
bacterial culture only.
• Sow soybean without any tillage operation with
zero till drill after conventional or zero till sown
wheat
• Grow soybean on raised beds in medium to
heavy soils
• The rows should be covered with wheat or
paddy straw to ensure proper germination and
seedling emergence.
Sugarcane
• Grow varieties fairly resistant to red rot i.e. CoJ 85, CoJ 83,
CoH 119, CoJ 88, CoS 8436 and CoJ 89 .
• Use recommended seed rate to ensure good stand of the
crop.
• Avoid late planting of sugarcane as it reduces tillering and is
more attacked by insect pests especially shoot borer.
• Keep the crop free from weeds using recommended chemical
and cultural control measures
• Do not apply excessive dose of nitrogen than recommended.
Over dose will cause lodging of the crop, resulting in poor
cane yield and quality.
• Do not allow the crop to suffer from drought especially during
hot months.
• Save the crop from lodging by earthing up and propping
• Protect the crop from frost by irrigating
Sugarcane Trench Planter
• Use paired row trench
planter for sugarcane
planting.
• It
saves
15-20%
irrigation water
• It gives 8% higher yield
than
conventional
planting
Oil Seeds
Groundnut
Improved Varieties
• Grow SG 99 variety which is tolerant to
bud necrosis disease.
• Avoid sowing groundnut in the same
field year after year, as this practice
results in heavy build up of soil-borne
disease.
• Prefer P from superphosphate. In the
wheat-groundnut rotation, if the
recommended dose of phosphatic
fertilizer has been applied to wheat, its
application to groundnut can be
omitted.
• Expose the soil to the sum during May
and June to reduce nematode
population.
SG 99
Sesamum
• Grow sesamum on well-drained, sandy-loam
soils.
• Prefer sowing of RT 346 variety which is
moderately resistant to Antigastra capsule borer.
• Sow this crop in the first fortnight of July after
receipt of adequate rain or with the application of
pre-sowing irrigation. The early-sown crop suffers
from phyllody-virus disease.
Other Crops
Guar
• Grow recently recommended new variety of Guar
HG 365 which is an early maturing variety (105
days).
BEST PRACTICES ADOPTED
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Laser land leveling
Bed planting/DSR/Zero tillage
Maximum area covered under HYVs
Maximum usage of certified/quality seeds and Adoption
of Seed Treatment
Fertilizer to be used on soil test basis
Timely sowing of Paddy and transplantation after 10th
June.
Promotion of Hybrid maize and its plant population.
Promotion of IPM technology in Cotton, Paddy and
Maize.
Relay cropping in standing cotton crop.
Success Stories of District
Gurdaspur
Oil Seed Crops







No. of demonstrations organized - 577
No. of farmers benefited - 5368
Expenditure incurred – 4.25 Lakh
Area under oilseed cultivation prior to ATMA – 3058
ha
Current area under oilseed cultivation – 5542 ha
District average yield of oilseed – 1115 kg / ha
Average yield recorded in the demonstrations for
oilseeds – 1575 kg / ha
36
?
Oil Seed Crops
37
Sowing of Gram on Raised Beds




No. of farmers trained – 165
Productivity improvement in gram – 20-25%
District average yield of gram – 815 kg / ha
Average gram yield recorded in the raised bed
system – 1035 kg/ ha
38
Sowing of Gram on Raised Beds
39
Sugarcane
• No. of farmers trained – 1869
• Area under Sugarcane prior to ATMA – 17582
ha
• Current area under S’cane cultivation – 24682
ha
• District average yield of S’cane – 500 qt
• Average S’cane yield recorded under intercropping demonstrations – 650 qt/ha
• Farmers are getting one additional crop as
bonus with minimum expenditure
40
Intensification Of Sugarcane with
intercropping of Wheat
41
Bud chip method of sugarcane cultivation
42
Turmeric
•
•
•
•
No. of farmers trained – 678
Area under Turmeric prior to ATMA – 5 ha
Current area under Turmeric cultivation –75 ha
Processing- One processing plant has been
installed by Green Gold FIG
44
Field of turmeric and processing plant
CRITICAL GAPS IN STATE PLAN 2013-14
• PROVISION OF BUDGET FOR CROP DIVERSIFICATION
IN THE STATE
• RELEASE OF FUNDS SHOULD BE PRIOR TO THE
SOWING OF CROPS
• ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR SPECIAL COMPONENT
REQUIRED TO BE ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF
OPERATIONAL HOLDINGS OF THE FARMERS IN THE
STATE.
THANKS