Grammar unit 3:Verbs
Get ready to travel to the land of Verbia where
there’s always something happening!
Hello, master
grammarians! I’m
back!
What is a verb?
Verb – a word used to express an action,
a condition, or a state of being.
 Three types of verbs:

◦ Action verbs
◦ Linking verbs
◦ Helping verbs (but they’re pretty clingy)
An old favorite!
Action verbs (from Action, Verbia)

Action verb – tells what the subject does.
The action it expresses can be physical
or mental.
Mr. Hoffmann’s examples:
Abigail runs in cross country meets.
(physical)
Everyone fears a snow day. (mental)
 Your examples:

Linking verbs (from Link, Verbia)

Linking verbs – connect subjects to a noun or
adjective that defines/describes it.
Amizar B.
Wuzerbin is
my name and
matchmaking
is my game!
Amizar B. Wuzwerbin AND his friends appear,
become, feel, grow, look, remain, seem, smell,
sound, taste.
*To tell if a word is functioning as a linking verb,
substitute a form of “be.” If it works, it’s linking!

Quick challenge!

Which one is an action verb and which one
is a linking verb?
1. Kelsey looks at Casey. Casey looks frightened.
2. The dog feels content. Jordin feels the dog’s fur.
3. Something smells delicious. John smells dinner
cooking.
4. The class grew quiet. Mr. Hoffmann grew a fake
bamboo plant.
Helping verbs and verb phrases

Helping verbs – help main verbs express
precise shades of meaning, but they usually
can’t stand alone! When they’re teamed up
with a main verb, they form a verb phrase.
Mr. Hoffmann’s example:
But I did complete my homework, Mrs. Main!

Your example:
A quick review
THE VERB SONG!
It’s homework time!

Practice and apply, p. 94, #6-10, challenge
A quick review
THE VERB SONG!
It’s a smash hit in
Verbia!
Opened mind/Closed notebook
learning check!

Name the three types of verbs:
1.
2.
3.

Action verbs can describe these two types of action:
4.
5.

Describe the “trick” for telling if a verb is linking or
action:
6.

7.
Explain how to form a verb phrase:
DO/IO review
Direct objects – noun/pronoun that receives the
action.
*To find a D.O., find the verb and ask “verb+what?”

Indirect objects – tells to what or whom/for what or
whom an action is done. You can’t have an I.O. without
a D.O.!
*To find an I.O., find the D.O. and ask “verb + D.O. + for
whom/what or to whom/what?”

**WATCH OUT! If the preposition “to” or “for”
appears in a sentence, the word that follows it is
NOT an I.O.!
Transitive vs. Intransitive verbs

Transitive verb – an action verb that has a D.O. (It
can do an action TO something else)
Mr. Hoffmann’s example:
Snowflakes transform the landscape.

Intransitive verb – an action verb that doesn’t have
a D.O. (It can’t perform its action on something else)
Mr. Hoffmann’s example:
Snowflakes float slowly from the skies.
Transitive/Intransitive CHALLENGE!

The following verbs can be either
transitive or intransitive depending on the
context. Write a sentence making each
verb transitive. Then write a sentence
making each verb intransitive.
It’s homework time!

Practice and Apply (p.97, #1-10, all)
PN/PA review
Predicate noun – noun that follows a linking verb and defines the
subject
Predicate adjective – adjective that
follows a linking verb and describes
the subject
Linking
verb
Subject
The chorus
members are
singers.
The chorus
concert was
awesome!
Noun
or
adjective
Review with a partner!

PN/PA charades:
◦ In your seating groups, take turns
pantomiming an emotion or profession.
◦ Group members write down their guesses in
the form of predicate nouns and adjectives.
◦ Example: Pop is a clown!
It’s homework time!

Practice and Apply (p. 99, evens)
Open notebook quiz!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
How do you find a D.O.?
How do you find an I.O.?
What is the difference between a transitive
verb and an intransitive verb?
Write an example sentence with a
transitive verb.
Write an example sentence with an
intransitive verb.
What job do PNs and PAs do?
Write an example sentence with a PN.
Write an example sentence with a PA.
Principal parts of verbs

Principal parts: the four basic forms of every
verb – present, present participle, past, and past
participle. They show basic changes in time.
Mr. Hoffmann’s examples:
Austin jumps from a plane. (present)
Austin is jumping from a plane. (present participle)
Austin jumped from a plane. (past)
Austin has jumped from a plane. (past participle)
Pass it down the lane!
One person in the group should come up
with a silly sentence in the present form.
 The person it is whispered to changes the
sentence to the present participle form
when he/she passes it on.
 The next person changes the sentence to
the past form when he/she passes it on.
 The end person states to the group what
he/she heard using the past participle
form.

Homework time!

Practice and apply (p. 101, #1-10 all)
◦ Write the verb
◦ Tell whether it is present, present participle,
past, or past participle!
Irregular verbs

Irregular verbs – any verb whose past
and past participle forms are not made by
adding –ed or –d to the present form.
Mr Hoffmann’s examples:
My fish bit the dust. (bite)
Brittany has swum in many competitions.
(swim)
Irregular verbs posters!
Group 1 – The forms of the present, past, and past participle
are all the same.
(burst  burst  has burst)
 Group 2 – The forms of the past and the past participle are
the same.
(bring  brought  has brought)
 Group 3 – The past participle is formed by adding –n or –en
to the past.
(bite  bit  has bitten)
 Group 4 – The past participle is formed from the present,
usually by adding –n or –en.
(blow  blew  has blown)
 Group 5 – A vowel in the verb changes from i in the present
to a in the past and to u in the past participle.
(begin  began  has begun)

Homework time!

Practice and apply (p. 104, #1-10 all)
Simple Tenses

Tense – verb form that shows time of an action
or condition. Three simple tenses: present, past,
future.
Mr. Hoffmann’s examples:
Skylar writes compelling stories. (occurring now)
Kyle completed three backflips on his dirt bike. (over
and finished now)
Trevor will receive a PS3 for Christmas. (hasn’t
happened yet, but will!)
Your examples:
Progressive forms

Progressive forms of tenses express an action or
condition still in progress. Shows that
actions/conditions are (is), were (was), or will be
happening.
Mr. Hoffmann’s examples:
Eric’s cat is meowing for food.
Emilee was reading the latest Warriors novel when the
earthquake hit.
Ally will be singing an Ashley Tisdale song in the
concert.
Your examples:
Meow! I need
food, Bluestar!
Try it on your own!

Practice and Apply (p. 107, #1-10 all)
Perfect tenses

Present perfect tense – places action
or condition in a stretch of time leading
up to the present. (*The helping verb
always has to be in the present tense!*)
Mr. Hoffmann’s example:
Dr. Otto has given us a long vacation!
Your example:
Perfect tenses

Past perfect tense – places a past action
or condition before another past action or
condition. (*Helping verb must be past tense)
Mr. Hoffmann’s example:
The master grammarians had completed their
homework and still wanted more!
More grammar,
please!
Your example:
Perfect tenses

Future perfect tense – places an future
action or condition before another future
action or condition. (*Will have)
Mr. Hoffmann’s example:
The play will have ended by the time we get
there!
Your example:
Identify the perfect tenses:
By the time the crowd broke down
the door, the monster had run
through the secret door into the
basement. Suddenly, he was
face to face with the scientist
who had created him. “I have
done a terrible thing,” said the
scientist. “But by nightfall, you
will have ceased to exist.”
Homework time!

Practice and Apply (p. 110, exercise B)
◦ Rewrite the paragraph using the tenses named in
parentheses.
Troublesome verb pairs

Brainstorm a clever phrase, mnemonic, cheer,
or song to remember the difference between
your group’s troublesome verb pair. Create
a poster to help others remember the
difference too!





Group 1: Lie and Lay
Group 2: Sit and Set
Group 3: Rise and Raise
Group 4: May and Can
Group 5: Lie and Lay
Quick review

Verb tenses review
◦ P. 114, #1-10 with challenge!