The Roaring 1920’s
The Jazz Age
Political Issues
Part I
The Jazz Age
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Between 1920-21, there was a brief
depression.
However, the golden twenties changed the
outlook of the American people.
Large corporations grew and there was a rise
of big business
STANDARD 11.5
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Radicals and Bombs
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Americans Communists were linked with
radicals , socialists and anarchists.
American-born and upper class like Russian
art and literature
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They advocated freedom of expression
They advocated birth control
They promoted political freedom
STANDARD 11.5
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Radicals and Bombs
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The Communist Party wanted to overthrow
capitalism by mass strikes and education.
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The Communist Labor Party wanted political
action and rule the working class.
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They bombed public buildings, political
offices and homes
STANDARD 11.5
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The Red Scare
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Attorney General Palmer led the raids against
anyone who was communist.
249 people were sent back to Russia.
Anti-Immigration Laws were established
against many people of Italian and Slavic
descent
STANDARD 11.5
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The red Scare
Protest March
Attorney General Palmer
The Red Scare
• The Johnson Act limit the amount of people
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into the country from Eastern and southern
Europe
The American Civil Liberties Union was
created in 1920 to help with rights of
minorities who’s rights were being violated.
STANDARD 11.5
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American Civil
Liberties Union
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They created this organization because of Red
Scare and anti- immigration laws.
Attorney General Palmer led the raids on the
potential Reds.
They protected civil liberties.
STANDARD 11.5
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Sacco-Vanzetti Case
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Fish peddler Bartolomeo Vanzetti & Nicola Sacco
were convicted for robbery and murder of a
paymaster and a guard.
Both were Italian Immigrants and active anarchists.
They were sentenced to death.
The Sacco-Vanzetti Trial
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Red Scare and AntiImmigration Laws affect the
court case of The People of
Massachusetts v. Sacco and
Vanzetti
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This case represented the
intolerance in America
Prohibition(18th Amendment)
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increase of corruption by bootleggers, gangsters
and politicians
disrespect for the law
Volstead Act- law that enforced the 18th
amendment. prohibition)
People spent their time in speakeasies.
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Scopes TrialThe Monkey Trial
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Religion vs. Science
Use of Charles Darwin’s theories of evolution
Origin of species, man evolved from apes
Religious leaders stated that God created
man
1924, John T. Scopes, a science teacher
taught the theory of evolution
Clarence Darrow, questioned William
Jennings Bryan.
STANDARD 11.5
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THE SCOPES TRIAL
Clarence Darrow and William Jennings
Bryan, 1925
John T. Scopes
Economic Issues
Part II
The Depression
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After World War I, there was an economy
downturn.
Returning soldiers couldn’t find work.
People were buying too many goods on
credit
Agriculture couldn’t compete with mass
production.
Value of stock fell and profit and production
dropped
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The Depression
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African-Americans coming from the South
who were escaping the Jim Crow Laws
couldn’t find work either.
Immigrants and left-leaning political activists
were targeted and couldn’t get jobs.
Women couldn’t find work.
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Flaws in business boom
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coal mines are failing
agriculture couldn’t compete with mass
production of goods
people were buying too many goods on credit
Railroads were in competition with other
types of transportation
get quick schemes like buying real estate and
stock on credit
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Creation of new products that affected how people lived
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Electricity made life easier for women
because of the creation of refrigerators and
washing machines.
Radio began to broadcast in Nov. of 1920.
People could afford the radio.
Radio united the United States because
could hear the same news and sporting
events
STANDARD 11.5
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Creation of new products that affected how people lived
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interchangeable parts made it easy for
assembly lines
mass production of food and clothes in
factories
powerful assembly lines
Creation of new products that affected how people lived
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automobiles like the Model T (known as Tin
Lizzie)by Henry Ford
It allowed people to more mobile.
It standardize how Americans lived
Buses moved students to one location rather than
being isolated in the rural areas.
The effects of prosperity
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The new products brought great prosperity
for the American people.
Great prosperity also brought great social
tension. (The have and have nots)
Large companies swallowed small
businesses.
STANDARD 11.5
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Class Assignment
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Page 1: Create a Mosaic
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1o words and ten illustration inside the main
drawing
Page 3: Summary
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Paragraph 1: explain the political issues of the
1920’s
Paragraph 2: explain the economic issues of the
1920’s
STANDARD 11.5
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Social Issues
Part III
A SENSE OF REBELLION
IN SOCIETY
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protest against conformity, culture and values
Jazz was created as a form of rebellion of
music
Harlem Renaissance -culture explosion by
the Blacks.
Flappers- women expressing their freedom
young people felt out of place- called the lost
generation
STANDARD 11.5
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Flappers
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With the approval of the 19th Amendment,
women felt liberated.
They felt economically independent
new political freedom women
Women had fewer children because of family
planning
More women were working outside the home
Women were attending college.
STANDARD 11.5
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FLAPPERS
THE 19TH AMENDMENT
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Women were allowed to vote
Women felt more
independent to exercise their
political power
Rising Influence
of Discrimination
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Racial discrimination against minorities was
heighten after World War I
Many African-Americans were lynched.
Japanese were barred from jobs
Rise of the Klu Klux Klan, led by Hiram
Wesley Evans.
In 1924, 40,000 Klansmen gathered in
Washington Dc
Racial riots occurred throughout the country.
STANDARD 11.5
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1924 March in DC
Marcus Garvey
and Black Pride
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Promoted black pride
Formed United Negro Improvement Association
Promoted separatism from the US.
Blacks should take their money and move back
to Africa
Convicted of fraud, pardon and sent back to
Jamaica
Civil Rights Leaders
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Booker T. Washington promoted
economic gains which led to social
equality.
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He was the editor for The Crisis
Booker T. Washington
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WEB Du Bois
W.E.B. Du Bois pushed for black
political influence. He was one of
the founders of NAACP.
EMMA GOLDMAN
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A noted feminist, writer and
union leader
promoted radical policies
defended freedom of
speech
deported back to Russia
Emma Goldman
Cultural Issues
Part IV
HARLEM RENAISSANCE
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decade of musical and literary achievementRose Mc Clendon- acted in Deep River and
formed the Negro’s People Theater.
Claude Mc Kay wrote Home to Harlem
Langston Hughes wrote Weary Blues
Countee Cullen wrote Color
Zora Neale Hurston wrote Their Eyes
Were Watching God
STANDARD 11.5
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HARLEM RENSAISSANCE
Rose Mc ClendonClaude Mc Kay
Langston Hughes
Zora Neale Hurston
Countee Cullen
THE LOST GENERATION
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haunted by death and destruction of World War I.
their stories were bleeked outlook of America.
It was coined by Gertude Stein
Ernest Hemingway wrote The Sun Also Rises
and Farewell to Arms.
F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote the Great Gatsby
Sinclair Lewis wrote Main Street and Babbit
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THE LOST GENERATION
Gertude Stein
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Ernest Hemingway
STANDARD 11.5
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Sinclair Lewis
THE ROLE OF MOVIES
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Movies untied the American people
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It shaped popular behavior and values
It stimulated consumption by showing the good life.
First talking film was the Jazz Singer
The lead actor was Al Jolson.
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Al Jolson
Famous People of
the 1920’s
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Charles Lindberg traveled non-stop from
New York to Paris
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rode in the Spirit of St. Louis
first celebrity
Duke Ellington performed jazz
Billie Holiday famous blues singer
George Gershwin wrote Rhapsody Blues
Famous People of
the 1920’s
George Gershwin
Charles Lindbergh
Diego Rivera’s Mural
Duke Ellington
Billie Holiday
FAMOUS People
OF 1920’S
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Paul Robeson one the first African-Americans to
perform on Broadway.
Bessie Smith & Mamie Smith sang the blues
Diego Rivera painted murals about workers and
their role in industry
Edward Hooper painted New York scenes & the
loneliness people felt
Jim Thorpe-all-round athletic who played football,
won medal in the Olympics, but lost them because
he played professional baseball.
Famous People of
the 1920’s
Jim Thorpe
Mamie Smith
Diego Rivera
Bessie Smith
Edward Hooper’s Painting
Paul Robeson
Presidential Administrations
Part V
HARDING ADMINSTRATION1921-1923
Return to normalcy
 favored less government
 pro-business, high tariff,
lower taxes
 pro-isolationism
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Warren Harding
SCANDAL AND CORRUPTION
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Charles Forbes, Veterans Bureau, embezzled
money
Harry Daugherty, Attorney General, took
bribes
Teapot Dome- Albert Fall gave leases for oil
reserves in Wyoming for low prices.
STANDARD 11.5
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DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN ISSUES
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Veteran’s Bureau helped the
veterans get benefits
Washington Conference
(1921) disarmament of ships.
(Great Britain, US, Japan)- it
reduced the number of
weapons.
Warren Harding
Coolidge Administration
1923-1929
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Calvin Coolidge
STANDARD 11.5
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Clean up the government
Kellogg- Briand Pact - outlaw
war however, the law couldn’t
be enforced.
HOOVER ADMINISTRATION
1929-1933
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Herbert Hoover
Depression of 1929 changed the
United States forever
thought the economy would recover
naturally
prices fell and people lost their jobs
Hoover rejected federal relief for the
unemployed
opposed veterans of receiving W.W.I
bonus