#1
A
B
C
D
A human geographer would be
most likely to investigate …
The migration patterns of Canadian
geese
The distribution of Muslims around
the globe
The formation and location of
volcanoes
Climate patterns in the Andes
mountains
#2
A
B
C
D
A country’s arithmetic density is
determined by dividing …
Its total population by its total land
area
Its total population by its total
farming (arable) land area
Its total farmer population by its
total land area
Its total farmer population by its
total farming (arable) land area
#3
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is NOT a
description of a SITE
characteristic?
Denver, Colorado is 5,280 feet
above sea level
It takes about one and a half hours
to drive from San Diego to Los
Angeles
Athens, Greece is built around a
rocky hill called the Acropolis
The climate and soil of Napa Valley
are ideal for growing grapes
#4
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is a
reference to Fredericksburg’s
SITUATION?
Fredericksburg’s violent crime rate
tends to be higher than the
average for Virginia.
55% of the population of
Fredericksburg is female.
The median age in Fredericksburg
is 30.3 years old.
Fredericksburg is 47 miles from
Washington, D.C. and 52 miles
from Richmond.
#5
A
B
C
D
Geographers define a “formal
region” as an area…
Defined by a common physical
feature such as a desert or
mountain range
Sharing one or more distinctive
characteristics
Impossible to describe with any
precision because of different
perceptions
Surrounding a particular urban
center
#6
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is NOT a
formal region?
Virginia
The Corn Belt
The City of Fredericksburg
The Midwest
#7
A
B
C
D
“Functional regions” tend to be
areas …
From which particular businesses
draw their customers
Within which a particular crop is
grown
Dominated by a single ethnic group
Sharing the same terrain and
climate
#8
A
B
C
D
Today “the South” …
Refers to the U.S. states that joined
the Confederacy in the 1860s
Consists of those states in which
cotton-has historically been an
important crop
Lacks a precise definition, meaning
different things to different
people
Is made up of the states that are at
least 50% Baptist
#9
A
B
C
D
“Cultural ecology” refers to:
The interactions between places
over space
The impact of politics on
environmental policy
The relationship between human
beings and their environment
The ways in which the mass media
shapes culture
#10
A
B
C
D
Modern geographers seem to
believe that the
environment …
Has little if any impact on human
cultures
Is the sole determinant of a
society’s cultural characteristics
Has been well protected and
preserved by most of the Earth’s
cultures
Sets limits on human action, but
peoples are able to make
choices within those limits
#11
A
B
C
D
As a result of “space-time
compression” …
Time seems to slow down when
you eagerly awaiting something
(like, say, graduation)
It takes less time to travel from one
place to another than it used to
People in some regions become
isolated from people in other
regions
The rate of change in the world
slows down
#12
A
B
C
D
“Distance decay” refers to the
phenomenon by which …
The per mile cost of transport
decreases the father one travels
People are now able to travel great
distances much more easily
than they have in the past
People are less likely to interact
with people who live far away
from them
The environment has been altered
to facilitate travel
#13
A
B
C
D
The rapid transmittal of the news
of Michael Jackson’s death
via the Internet and cable
television is an example of …
Hierarchical diffusion
Stimulus diffusion
Contagious diffusion
Relocation diffusion
#14
A
B
C
D
Fashion trends tend to originate
in cities like Paris, Milan, and
New York before gradually
spreading to other parts of
the world. This is an example
of …
Hierarchical diffusion
Stimulus diffusion
Contagious diffusion
Relocation diffusion
#15
A
B
C
D
Today there are approximately
_____ billion people on the
planet.
1
7
11
16
#16
A
B
C
D
The largest cluster of people on
the planet is found in …
North America
Europe
Africa
East Asia
#17
A
B
C
D
People tend to cluster in areas
with all of the following
characteristics EXCEPT …
Temperate climates
Easy access to oceans
Located in the midlatitudes
Mountains
#18
Total Population = 1,000,000
Total Farmers = 10,000
Total Land Area = 1,000 square miles
Total Arable Land Area = 100 square miles
What is the agricultural density of the
above country?
A
B
C
D
10
100
1,000
10,000
#19
Total Population = 1,000,000
Total Farmers = 10,000
Total Land Area = 1,000 square miles
Total Arable Land Area = 100 square miles
What is the physiological density of the
above country?
A
B
C
D
10
100
1,000
10,000
#20
A
B
C
D
The countries with the lowest
agricultural densities tend
to …
Have the most difficulty feeding
their populations
Have access to the best technology
Be located in Asia
Leave much of their arable land
unplanted
#21
A
B
C
D
If during a given year a country
has a crude birth rate of 15
and a crude death rate of
20 …
20 people die for every 100 people
in the population
Its population at the end of the year
MUST be lower than its
population at the beginning of
the year
15 people are born for every 1,000
people in the population
Its natural decrease rate is 5%
#22
A
B
C
D
The natural increase rate …
Tends to be highest in Western
Europe and North America
Usually hovers at about 7-8%
annually for the world as a
whole
Does not take migration into
account
Has never been higher than it is
today
#23
A
B
C
D
A population’s doubling time …
Does not depend upon its natural
increase rate
Increases when the natural
increase rate increases
Increases when the natural
increase rate decreases
Decreases when the natural
increase rate decreases
#24
A
B
C
D
Which country would one expect
to have the highest crude
birth rate?
Italy
Zimbabwe
The United States
Germany
#25
A
B
C
D
The total fertility rate is …
A poor predictor of future
population trends
The average number of children
that a woman will have during
her lifetime
Generally between 10-12 in the
United States
Higher in countries with good
health care
#26
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is the
BEST indicator of the quality
of a country’s health care
system?
Infant mortality rate
Crude birth rate
Crude death rate
Total fertility rate
#27
A
B
C
D
When comparing Denmark and
Nigeria, one would expect
Denmark to have the
highest …
Life expectancy
Total fertility rate
Crude birth rate
Infant mortality rate
#28
A
B
C
D
Which of the following
demographic indicators
actually tends to be LOWER
for LDCs than for MDCs?
Infant mortality rate
Crude birth rate
Total fertility rate
Crude death rate
#29
A
B
C
D
Stage 1 of the demographic
transition model is
characterized by …
Low birth rates and low death rates
High birth rates and high death
rates
Low birth rates and high death
rates
High birth rates and low death rates
#30
A
B
C
D
Stage 2 of demographic
transition is characterized by
a dramatic …
Increase in the death rate
Increase in the birth rate
Decrease in the death rate
Decrease in the birth rate
#31
A
B
C
D
The primary cause of the switch
to Stage 2 of demographic
transition in Europe was …
The Industrial Revolution
The Age of Exploration
The Napoleonic Wars
World War II
#32
A
B
C
D
All of the following are in
DECLINE during Stage 3 of
demographic transition
EXCEPT …
The crude birth rate
The crude death rate
The rate of natural increase
Total population
#33
A
B
C
D
The changes that occur during in
Stage 3 are due primarily to …
Improvements in medical care
The need for more children as farm
laborers
The unhealthy living conditions in
large cities
The decision by parents to have
fewer children
#34
A
B
C
D
Stages 1 and 4 of the
demographic transition model
have what in common?
Little if any population growth
High crude death rates
Rapid population decline
Low population levels
#35
A
B
C
D
For a population to remain stable,
it requires a total fertility rate
of about …
.6
1.5
2.1
3.3
#36
A
B
C
D
Neo-Malthusians believe that …
More medical and food aid should
be provided to developing
countries
Population growth will spur conflict
over scarce resources such as
food and fuel
Man’s ingenuity will enable
population to continue to grow
unchecked
Low birthrates make it more difficult
to care for the elderly
#37
A
B
C
D
In recent decades AIDS has
increased the death rates
most dramatically in …
Eastern Europe
India
North Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
#38
A
B
C
D
Demographers believe that all of
the following would
encourage women to have
fewer children EXCEPT …
Greater access to education
Lower infant mortality rates
Better job opportunities
Slowing the rate of economic
development
#39
A
B
C
D
By 2050, which country is
predicted to be the most
populous in the world?
China
India
The United States
Indonesia
#40
A
B
C
D
Migration is a specific form of
human movement in which a
person…
Moves at least 50 miles from their
original location
Eventually returns to his/her
original location
Moves to a different country
Permanently moves to a new
location
#41
A
B
C
D
The most common reason that
people migrate is …
They are fleeing areas
experiencing ethnic conflict
They are fleeing environmental
disasters such as flooding or
earthquakes
They are seeking better economic
opportunities
They are facing persecution for
their religious beliefs
#42
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is an
example of a “push” factor in
a migration from Detroit to
Orlando?
Florida’s year-round warm, sunny
climate
Easy access to Disney World and
Universal Studios
Michigan’s high unemployment rate
The ready availability of fresh
oranges and grapefruits in
Florida
#43
A
B
C
D
Who of the following would most
likely qualify for “refugee”
status in another country?
A child in danger of starvation due
to massive crop failures
A member of a minority ethnic
group facing persecution by the
majority-controlled government
A man whose village has been
destroyed by a typhoon
A woman from an impoverished
country seeking a better life for
her family
#44
A
B
C
D
Statistically speaking, a person
migrating from Spotsylvania
would be LEAST likely to
migrate to …
Baltimore, MD
Seattle, WA
Chicago, IL
Atlanta, GA
#45
A
B
C
D
Which of the following
continents has MORE
immigrants than emigrants (in
other words, more people
arriving than are leaving)?
South America
Europe
Africa
Asia
#46
A
B
C
D
“Chain migration” refers to …
The forced movement of peoples,
such as African slaves or the
“Trail of Tears”
Movement to a new location
because relatives or
countrymen are there
Migration back to a country from
which a person earlier
emigrated
Migration in a series of stages from
one place to another before
reaching one’ final destination
#47
A
B
C
D
“Brain drain” refers to the
tendency of the US to accept
large numbers of immigrants
who …
Are highly educated
Are mentally challenged
Require many social services
Lack sufficient education to fill
highly-skilled positions
#48
A
B
C
D
European guest workers
usually …
Bring their families with them
Are resented by natives for taking
the most desirable jobs
Send much of their earnings back
home
Are discouraged from leaving their
home countries by their own
governments
#49
A
B
C
D
In recent decades, which region
of the US has seen the most
net in-migration from other
parts of the country?
The West
The Midwest
The South
The Northeast
#50
A
B
C
D
The primary reason for migrating
within the US today is …
Better economic opportunities
Retirement to a warm, sunny
climate
The desire for a richer cultural life
(theater, music, etc.)
Natural disasters
#51
A
B
C
D
During the 20th century in the US,
African Americans
generally …
Migrated out of the South in large
numbers in search of jobs in
large cities
Remained in small rural towns
because of the fear of
persecution should they go to
more populated areas
Abandoned the South to escape
racial discrimination
Followed the same migration
patterns as whites
#52
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is a
characteristic of a folk culture
(as opposed to popular
culture)?
It is found in a wide geographic
area
It is practiced by a heterogeneous
population
It is usually found in isolated rural
areas
It often spreads rapidly to adjacent
areas
#53
A
B
C
D
Popular culture usually
originates …
With anonymous, unknown sources
In the world’s more developed
countries
At some time in the distant past
In societies that have yet to
industrialize
#54
A
B
C
D
The Amish are most heavily
concentrated in which of the
following groups of states?
Massachusetts, Connecticut, and
Rhode Island
North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia, and Alabama
Virginia, North Carolina, and
Tennessee
Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana
#55
A
B
C
D
The Hindu prohibition against
the consumption of beef is
explained in the text as due to
the fact that …
Beef spoils rapidly in the hot
climate of India
Cows provide an important source
of labor
Cows are dieties
Cows help keep the streets clean
as scavengers
#56
A
B
C
D
Compared to folk culture, pop
culture …
Changes much more slowly
Is embraced by a less diverse
group of people
Diffuses much more rapidly
Varies more from place to place
#57
A
B
C
D
An isogloss is …
A boundary line within which a
certain word is used
A dialect of a language spoken
primarily by rural dwellers
A word that is used throughout a
country, regardless of region
A form of a language used by the
elites and the upper classes
#58
A
B
C
D
Which Indo-European language
branch includes English?
Germanic
Romance
Indo-Iranian
Balto-Slavic
#59
A
B
C
D
Indo-European languages are
commonly spoken in ALL of
the following countries
EXCEPT …
Italy
Sweden
China
India
#60
A
B
C
D
A creole language …
Is simply any dialect of a language
spoken outside the country of
origin
Results from the merging of two or
more languages
Is a language that seems to have
developed independently of all
other languages
Is an extinct language with
elements that still survive in
modern languages
#61
A
B
C
D
One theory holds that the origins
of the Indo-European are to
be found in modern …
Turkey
China
Iraq
France
#62
A
B
C
D
Which of the following
continents seems to be the
most linguistically diverse?
Europe
North America
South America
Africa
#63
A
B
C
D
Which of the following European
countries is unique in that its
language is NOT IndoEuropean?
France
Hungary
Greece
The Netherlands
#64
A
B
C
D
Modern English is a …
Romance language
Lingua franca
Pidgin language
Isolated language
#65
A
B
C
D
English is becoming more
common as a 2nd language
for many peoples primarily
because …
It is being spread through
relocation diffusion
It is being imposed by military
conquest
It is a means for youth to challenge
the norms and beliefs of their
elders
It is the dominant language of
commerce and culture
#66
A
B
C
D
The Dalai Lama …
Has the support of the Chinese
government
Currently resides in Tibet as its
political and military leader
Was forced to leave Tibet following
a Chinese invasion
Is the spiritual leader for millions of
Muslims
#67
A
B
C
D
Ethnic religions differ from
universalizing religions in that
ethnic religions …
Appeal primarily to one group of people
living in one place
Are the most popular, with the great
majority of the world’s inhabitants
adhering to an ethnic religion
Are generally monotheistic, while
universalizing religions are
polytheistic
Are found primarily in developed
countries, while universalizing
religions dominate in the developing
world
#68
A
B
C
D
The three main universalizing
religions are …
Islam, Hinduism, and Judaism
Judaism, Buddhism, and Hinduism
Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity
Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism
#69
A
B
C
D
The country with the most
Eastern Orthodox Christians
is …
Russia
Romania
Greece
Bulgaria
#70
A
B
C
D
In which of the following regions
is the Christian population
overwhelmingly Roman
Catholic?
Latin America
North America
Scandinavia
North Africa
#71
A
B
C
D
Which of the following religions
was long the official state
religion of Japan?
Confucianism
Daoism
Shintoism
Buddhism
#72
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is the
world’s largest ethnic religion?
Hinduism
Islam
Christianity
Judaism
#73
A
B
C
D
Which ethnic religion is unique
for its wide degree of
dispersal throughout the
world?
Hinduism
Shintoism
Judaism
Daoism
#74
A
B
C
D
The holiest Buddhist shrines are
located in the countries
of ……
China and Japan
Japan and India
India and Nepal
Nepal and China
#75
A
B
C
D
Jerusalem is particularly sacred
to Jews because …
It was the location of their ancient
Temple
The Ten Commandments were
secretly hidden there
It was the site of the battle in which
they liberated themselves from
Roman domination
It was the site from which Abraham
was believed to have ascended
to Heaven