Cumulative Test Review (De Blij)
Vocabulary Items
The following vocabulary items can be found in
your textbook and class handouts. These
identifications and concepts do not necessarily
constitute all that will be covered on the test.
Unit 1: Nature and Perspectives
Chapter 1
Pattison's Four Traditions - locational, cultureenvironment, area-analysis, earth-science
Five Themes - location, human/environmental
interaction, region, place, movement
Absolute/relative location
Region - formal, functional, perceptual
(vernacular)
Mental map
Environmental perception
Chapter 2
Components of culture - trait, complex,
system, region, realm
Culture hearth
Cultural landscape
Sequent occupance
Cultural diffusion
Independent invention
Expansion diffusion - contagious, hierarchical,
stimulus
Relocation diffusion - migrant
Acculturation
Transculturation
Assimilation
Environmental determinism
Possibilism
Cultural ecology
Chapter 3
Holocene epoch (how it transformed the Earth)
Interglaciation
First Agricultural Revolution
Plant domestication
Animal domestication
Social stratification
Culture hearths - Fertile Crescent, Indus Valley,
Chang & Yellow River Valley (China), Nile River
Valley and Delta, Meso-America
Unit 2: Population
Chapter 4
Population density - arithmetic, physiologic
Distribution
Dot map
Major population concentrations - East Asia,
South Asia, Europe, North America, Nile
Valley,...
Megalopolis
Chapter 5
Population growth - world regions, linear,
exponential
Doubling time (70 / rate of increase)
Population explosion
Population structure (composition) - age-sex
pyramids
Demography
Natural increase
Crude birth/death rate
Total fertility rate
Infant mortality
Demographic Transition Model - High
Stationary, Early Expanding, Late Expanding,
Low Stationary
Stationary Population Level (SPL)
Population theorists - Malthus, Boserup, Marx
(as well as the Cornucopian theory)
Chapter 6
Absolute/relative distance
Immigration/emigration
Ernst Ravenstein - "laws" of migration, gravity
model
Push/pull factors - catalysts of migration
Distance decay
Step migration
Chain migration
Intervening opportunities
Voluntary/forced migration
Counter migration
Three types of movement - cyclic (activity
(action) space, commuting, seasonal,
nomadism), periodic (e.g. military service,
migrant workers, transhumance, college
dorms), migratory
International/intranational refugees
Temporary/permanent refugees
Chapter 7
United Nations
Population policies - expansive, eugenic,
restrictive (case studies-India, China, Japan)
One-child policy
Unit 3: Cultural Geography
Chapter 8
Preliterate societies
Standard language
Dialect
Isoloss
Language - families (e.g., Indo-European),
subfamilies, groups
Chapter 9
Sound shift
Deep reconstruction
Proto-Indo-European
Language divergence, convergence,
replacement
Conquest/agriculture theory
Nostratic
Language diffusion (and hearths)
Modern linguistic mosaic - literacy, technology,
political organization
Chapter 10
Hispanicization
Esperanto
Lingua franca
Pidgin
Creole (and creolization)
Monolingual/multilingual states
Official language
Toponymy
Language case studies (Quebec, Belgium,
Nigeria,...)
Chapters 11&12
Universalizing religions - Christianity, Islam,
Buddhism
Ethnic religions - Judaism, Hinduism, Sikhism,
Shintoism, Taoism (& Feng Shui),...
Religious origins and routes of diffusion
Syncretic religion
Secularism
Monotheistic/polytheistic religions
Animist religions
Hinduism - karma, Brahman, reincarnation,
caste system, untouchables, polytheistic,
temples/shrines
Buddhism -Prince Siddhartha, Buddha, Bodhi
tree, Dukkha, Nirvana, pagodas/shrines
Christianity - Orthodox, Roman Catholic,
Protestant (its rise also correlates with the rise
in secularism), Jesus Christ, Bible, cemeteries,
largest bureaucracy, cathedrals/churches
Islam - Sunni, Shiah (Shiite), Muhammad,
Allah, Qu'ran, Imam, sharia laws, Five Pillars,
mosques, fastest growing & youngest world
religion
Religious regions in U.S. (pg. 174)
Chapter 13
Interfaith boundary case studies - Nigeria,
Sudan, Kashmir, Armenia/Azerbaijan (and
enclave/exclave), Yugoslavia (and ethnic
cleansing)
Intrafaith boundary case studies - Northern
Ireland, Switzerland
Fundamentalism
Ayatollah (Iran)
Chapter 29
Folk vs. Popular culture
Mass/elite culture
Globalization
Colonization, commodification, distance
decay, homogenation, global-local continuum
Chapter 31
Race vs. ethnicity
Skin color - melanin
Ethnic island (enclave/neighborhood)
Acculturation
Cultural revival
Cultural linkage
Cultural landscape
Ethnic conflict
Forced vs. affinity segregation, ethnic claims
to territory, ethnic cleansing (e.g.,
Yugoslavia,
Sudan)
Chapter 32
Gender gap - effects of modernization
Longevity gap - habits, stress, AIDS
Quality of life
Maternal mortality rate
Infanticide
Dowry deaths
REVIEW FOR THE EXAM (RUBENSTEIN)
Chapter 5: Language
Key Concepts:
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Models-
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Demographic transition model: pp. 5764
Ravenstein's Migration "Laws" (E.G.
Ravenstein): pp. 85-90
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
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Location: pp. 15-20
o Site, situation, mathematical
location
Characteristics of distributions: pp. 33-36
o Density, concentration, pattern
Types of regions: pp. 20-30
o Formal, functional, vernacular
Diffusion: pp. 38-40
o Hearth, relocation, hierarchical,
contagious, stimulus
Chapter 2: Population
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Types of density: pp. 51-53
o Arithmetic, physiological,
agricultural
Demographics: pp. 53-57
o CBR, CDR, NIR, doubling time,
TFR, infant mortality, life
expectancy
Population pyramids: pp. 62-68
o Dependency ration, sex ratio
Demographic Transition: pp. 58-69
o Stages 1 through 4
Chapter 3: Migration
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Ravenstein's Migration "Laws": pp. 85-90
Push and pull factors: pp. 85-88
Intervening obstacles: p. 88
Chapter 4: Folk and Popular Culture
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Differences between folk and popular
culture: pp. 117-122
o Origin and diffusion
Influence of physical environment on folk
culture: pp. 123-129
Influence of popular culture on physical
environment: pp. 139-143
Distribution of language families: map pp.
165-171
Language family tree: chart pp. 166-167
Theories of origin and diffusion of IndoEuropean: pp. 162-163
o Kurgan hearth theory, Anatolian
hearth theory
Chapter 6: Religion
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World distribution of religions: map
pp. 187-193
Religious distribution in the U.S.: map
p. 188-189
Major religions and branches: pp. 187-196
Chapter 7: Ethnicity
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Ethnic distribution in the U.S.: pp. 227-235
o Regional concentrations,
concentration in cities, ghetto
Nationality and nation-state: pp. 237-243
Ethnic conflict: pp. 245-255
Multi-ethnic state, multinational-state, ethnic
cleansing
SHORT ANSWER TOPICS
Unit 1: Introduction
Cultural diffusion
Regions
Unit 2: Population Geography
Demographic Transition
Age-Sex Pyramids
Population Concentrations
Population Policies
Unit 3: Cultural Geography
Indo-European Language Diffusion
Multilingual Issues & Ethnic Conflict (Canada,
Belgium, Nigeria,...)
4 Major World Religions (origins, diffusion
routes, ...)
Interfaith & Intrafaith Boundaries
Gender Issues
Comparing Urban Tendencies (worldwide; e.g.,
American vs. Canadian cities,...)