Psychology 1230: Psychology of Adolescence Don Hartmann Fall 2005 © Lecture 23b: Adolescent Problems II Quiz 3 Information • A review session for Quiz 3 is scheduled for Rm. 604, BS at 10:3011:30 on Tuesday, December 3rd • Quiz 3 is scheduled for Wednesday during class time. Please be prompt, as I can not allow extra time for stragglers • Approximately 80% of the multiple choice items will come from the study guides. The MC portion of the quiz will contain 40-45 items (chapters 10-14, lectures #17-23, handouts, etc.) from the following sources: – 4-6 questions from each chapter, – 3-4 items from each lecture, and – 0-1 questions from each handout. • The essay portion will include 3-5 relatively brief essay questions taken from the study guides. You will have some choice over which questions you can choose to answer WEB Discussion Process Group Whippets 4♀+1♂ JusticeLeague PithHelmets MAJACS Psyched #3 due 10/27 (10/26) 10/28 (10/28) 11/15** 11/09 (11/09) 10/25 (10/25) 12/12 #4 due 11/14** 11/18 (11/18) Disbanded 11/28 11/11 (11/11) #5 due Disbanded 12/12 12/07 ---------Note: Anyone can contribute to any WEB discussion; group members are responsible to summarizing the discussion. The last day to contribute to any discussion is 3 days before the due date. Dates in parenthesis indicate the date handed in. Bolded dates indicate that material handed in was incomplete; more is required. **Where is the summary?? Handout Summary • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 40. Lect. #17: Autonomy 41. Handout: Supplemental Project #2 42. Handout: Supplemental Project #3 43. Lect. #17b: Family Conflict 44. Study Guide #10 45. Lect. #18: Peers 46. Lect. #19: Peers II: Pop. & Friendship 47. Lect. #20: Bullying 48. Study Guide #11 (corrected) 49. Lect. #21: Schools 50. Study Guide #12 51. Lect. #22a: Achievement 52. Study Guide #13 53. Study Guide #14 54. Lect. #23a: Adolescent Problems I 55. Lect. #23b: Adolescent Problems II 56. Quiz 3, Spring 2005 Handout WEB Date Date 11/07 11/04 11/07 11/08 11/08 11/10 11/11 11/17 11/21 11/21 11/21 11/28 11/28 11/30 12/01 12/03 12/02 Overview: Adolescent Problems I & II • Introduction • Risk, Resilience, and Pathways • Intervention: Treatment & Prevention – Illustration involving drugs – Illustration involving teen suicide • Overlaps with text, pp. 507-522, 530531, 536 • Quiz 3 on Wednesday, Quiz 4 next Tuesday. Primary Prevention & Drugs • Background – About 40% of seniors have taken illicit drug in the past 30 days. Well below heyday in the late 70s – 90+% licit drugs (nicotine and alcohol). – Except for diet pills, males exceed females. Prevention of Drug Taking • Agent intervention -- focus on the abused substance. • Environment intervention -- Focuses on where the abuse takes place • Host interventions -- focusing on the abusing (or potentially abusing) person Agent Drug Taking Host Envir. Risk & Resilience Factors While each drug may have a unique set of risk & resilience factors, the following appear to be general to the class of drug taking: • Resilience: religion, positive relationships with parents, limit setting by parents, parental involvement, positive regard for parents • Risk: low parental involvement, peer pressure, associating with problem-behaving peers, drugabusing parent, parent with low verbal reasoning skills and poor social-problem-solving skills Prevention Factors • Early intervention • Senior peer-led programs • Program Training social skills & peerpressure coping skills • Community-wide intervention A lighter view… Primary Prevention & Suicide Background (1) • Utah's rate has remained among the highest in the nation for more than two decades • For adolescent males, Utah rate almost twice national rate • Majority of suicides are male (88%) • Method – males, firearms were used in the majority of suicides (64%) – females, the most common method of suicide death is poisoning (39%) • Nationally, in the past forty years, youth suicide rates have almost tripled. Between 1980 and 1996, suicide rates for ages 10 to 14 increased by over 100%. Suicide: More Background Background (2) • 1 in 4 high school students report feeling sad or hopeless for a period of at least 2 weeks • 1 in 6 report having seriously considered suicide • 1 in 8 actually made a plan to take their own life. • 1 in 13 report actually having attempted suicide—4 out of 5 give clear warning (national statistics) • Of those who did suicide: – 3% had psychotropic drugs in their system and 24% had an illicit drug in their system when they committed suicide – 63% had previous contact with the juvenile justice system— truancy, possession, and aggressive behavior were common problems – 65 % wer identified as having a psychiatric diagnosis General Risk Factors •Family • family instability and unhappiness, lack of affection and support, high levels of control and pressure for achievement •background of depression in family tree; •Other • involvement with the juvenile justice system •Psychological problems (e.g., depression & drugs) • behavior contagion (copycat suicides) Signs that a teenager may be considering suicide may include • Suicide Threats • Writing notes/poems about death • Change in eating and/or sleeping patterns • Putting affairs in order • Giving away prized possessions • Personality changes • Neglect of personal appearance • Withdrawing from friends, family, and usual activities • Changes in grades at school • Trouble concentrating • Drug or alcohol abuse • Unstable emotional state • Depression • Running away from home • Run-ins with the law Interventions • Through the Juvenile Justice System (Utah Youth Suicide Study) • School-based Program—based upon materials provided by the Jason Foundation (http://www.jasonfoundation.com/home.html), getting teachers, administrators, peers, and parents to ask the right questions and pick up on signs of depression or anxiety in teens Barriers to Treatment • Parents most frequently cited three factors: – their children believed nothing could help them, – they were reluctant to admit they had problems, and – they perceived seeking help as a sign of weakness • Siblings and friends listed the same problems and added one more—the suicide completers did not know where to go for help Prevention Factors • Early intervention • Senior peer-led programs • Program Training social skills & peerpressure coping skills • Community-wide intervention Final Words on Prevention • So get out there and prevent! • Where: Social Work & Community psychology programs Summary: Adolescent Problems II • Prevention vs. Treatment • Drugs • Suicide • Go in Peace