Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Mental Disorders
Objectives
Explain how mental disorders are recognized.
Identify four causes of mental disorders.
Describe five types of anxiety disorders and
four other types of mental disorders.
Slide 1 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Quick Quiz Which of the following statements are always true?
Which are sometimes true? Which are always false?
It is easy to identify a person with a mental disorder.
Mental disorders are caused by emotional problems.
Mental disorders affect a person’s ability to function.
People who have a mental disorder are dangerous.
For each of your responses, explain why you gave the
answer you did.
Switch to QuickTake version of the quiz.
Slide 2 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
What are Mental Disorders?
A mental disorder is an illness that affects the mind
and reduces a person’s ability to function, to adjust to
change, or to get along with others.
Slide 3 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Recognizing Mental Disorders
• Mental health experts see abnormal thoughts,
feelings, or behaviors as signs, or symptoms,of a
mental disorder.
• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is one
example of a mental disorder.
Slide 4 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Slide 5 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Slide 6 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Causes of Mental Disorders
Some factors that can cause mental disorders are
• physical factors
• heredity
• early experiences
• recent experiences
Slide 7 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Causes of Mental Disorders
• Physical Factors Damage to the brain may cause a
mental disorder.
• Heredity A person may inherit a tendency toward a
mental disorder.
• Early Experiences Extremely negative experiences that
occur early in life can lead to mental illness.
• Recent Experiences Some mental health experts
think that recent experiences are more likely than
early experiences to trigger a mental disorder.
Slide 8 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
• Anxiety is fear caused by a source you cannot
identify or a source that doesn’t pose as much threat
as you think.
• When the anxiety persists for a long time and
interferes with daily living, this is a sign of an
anxiety disorder.
• In any six-month period nearly ten percent of
Americans have an anxiety disorder.
Slide 9 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• A person with this disorder displays intense worry,
fears, or anxiety most days for at least six months.
Phobias
• Anxiety that is related to a specific situation or object
is called a phobia.
Slide 10 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Slide 11 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Panic Attacks
During a panic attack, a person will experience some
of the following symptoms.
• fast heart rate
• choking sensation
• rapid breathing
• chest discomfort or pain
• fear of suffocation
• nausea or stomach distress
• believes he or she is dying
• dizziness or lightheadedness
• sweating
• fear of losing control
• trembling or shaking
• an “out of body” sensation
Slide 12 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• An unwanted thought or image that takes control of the
mind is an obsession.
• An obsession may lead to a compulsion, an unreasonable
need to behave in a certain way to prevent a feared
outcome.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
• People who survive a life threatening event may develop
post-traumatic stress disorder.
• Some symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder are
• flashbacks
• nightmares
• inability to sleep
Slide 13 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
For: More on bipolar disorder
Click above to go online.
Slide 14 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Other Mental Disorders
• Some teens and young adults have mood disorders
or schizophrenia.
• Others have impulse-control disorders or personality
disorders.
Slide 15 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Mood Disorders
• People who have a mood disorder experience
extreme emotions that make it difficult to function
well in their daily lives.
• Depression is an emotional state in which a person
feels extremely sad and hopeless.
Slide 16 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Schizophrenia
• Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder identified by
serious disturbances in thinking, mood, awareness, and
behavior.
Impulse-Control Disorders
• People with an impulse-control disorder cannot resist the
impulse, or drive, to act in a way that is harmful to
themselves or to others.
• Some examples of impulse-control disorders are
• kleptomania (taking items not needed or wanted)
• gambling
• uncontrolled shopping (buying many unnecessary things)
Slide 17 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Personality Disorders
People who have a personality disorder display rigid
patterns of behavior that make it difficult for them to
get along with others.
• Group A: People with personality disorders in this
group tend to be cold and distant.
• Group B: People with personality disorders in this
group are often overly emotional or unstable.
• Group C: People with personality disorders in this
group often cannot make decisions.
Slide 18 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Vocabulary
mental disorder
An illness that affects the mind and reduces a
person’s ability to function, to adjust to change,
or to get along with others.
anxiety
Fear caused by a source you cannot identify or
a source that doesn’t pose as much threat as
you think.
anxiety disorder
phobia
obsession
A disorder characterized by anxiety that persists for
a long time and interferes with daily living.
Anxiety that is related to a specific situation or
object.
An unwanted thought or image that takes
control of the mind.
Slide 19 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
Vocabulary
compulsion
mood disorder
depression
An unreasonable need to behave in a certain
way to prevent a feared outcome.
A disorder characterized by extreme emotions.
An emotional state in which a person feels
extremely sad and hopeless.
schizophrenia
A disorder characterized by severe disturbances
in thinking,mood, awareness, and behavior.
personality
disorder
A mental disorder characterized by rigid patterns
of behavior, which make it difficult for a person
to get along with others.
Slide 20 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
QuickTake Quiz
Click to start quiz.
Slide 21 of 21
Section 4.1 Mental Disorders
End of Section 4.1
Click on this slide to end this presentation.
Slide 22 of 21