WHAT IS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY?
• A STUDY OF PEOPLE AND PLACES
• A STUDY OF HOW PEOPLE MAKE
PLACES, ORGANIZE SPACE AND
SOCIETY, INTERACT ACROSS SPACE,
AND MAKE SENSE OF OTHERS AND
OURSELVES IN OUR LOCALITIES,
REGIONS, AND THE WORLD
• A STUDY OF SPATIAL SCIENCE
• A STUDY OF SPATIAL VARIATION
WHAT IS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY?
• A SPATIAL STUDY-PERTAINING TO
SPACE
• AN INTEREST IN SPATIAL
ARRANGEMENTS OF PLACES AND
PHENOMENA, HOW LAID OUT,
ORGANIZED, ARRANGED, AND HOW
THEY APPEARED ON LANDSCAPE
WHAT IS HUMAN GEOGRAPHY?
• A STUDY OF GLOBALIZATION
• A SET OF PROCESSES INCREASING
INTERACTIONS, DEEPENING RELATIONSHIPS, AND
HEIGHTENING INTERDEPENDENCE WITHOUT
REGARD TO NATION BORDERS
THINK!
• THINK OF THE REMOTEST PLACE YOU
CAN THINK OF IN THE WORLD ONE
HUNDRED YEARS AGO.
• DESCRIBE HOW G. HAS CHANGED
THIS PLACE AND HOW THE PEOPLE
THERE CONTINUE TO SHAPE IT—TO
MAKE IT TH EPLACE IT IS TODAY.
GEOGRAPHY-TYPES
• HUMAN (CULTURAL)
• PHYSICAL (LAND)
• LANGUAGE,
RELIGION,
IDENTITY
• LANDFORMS,
CLIMATE, AND
ENVIRONMENTAL
CHANGE
EVOLUTION OF GEOGRAPHY
• GREECE
• AIDED BY HELP FROM EGYPTIANS
AND MESOPOTAMIANS AND INDIA AND
CHINA
• GE, GEO-EARTH
• GRAPHE-TO DESCRIBE, WRITE
• SEE ARTICLE
DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHY
• SEE READING ASSIGNMENT
• GEOGRAPHERS USE SPATIAL
PERSPECTIVE (THE OBSERVATION GEO.
PHENOMENA ACROSS SPACE) FOR STUDY.
• RESULT:
• FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
• LOCATION
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• HUMANENVIRONMENT
INTERACTION
• REGION
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CONTEXT WITHIN WHICH
EVENTS AND PROCESSES ARE
LOCATED
WHY ARE PLACES WHERE
THEY ARE?
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
HUMANS AND PHYSICAL
WORLD
WHAT ARE LONGTERM
RESULTS OF GULF OILSPILL?
AREA OF GEO. PHENOMENA
WHY DID THE AUTHOR WRITE
ABOUT THE REGION?
FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
• PLACE
• AREA, POSITION ON EARTH
WITH UNIQUE PHY. AND
HUMAN DESCRIPTORS
• SENSE OF PLACE
(MEANING, EMOTION,
CHARACTER)
• PERCEPTION OF PLACE
• (IF YOU COULD MOVE ANY
PLACE TO LIVE, WHERE
WOULD IT BE?)
• MOVEMENT
• MOBILITY OF PEOPLE,
PLACES, IDEAS
FIVE THEMES
• MOVEMENT
• INTERCONNECTEDNESS
• SPATIAL INTERACTION DEPENDING ON DISTANCE,
ACCESSIBILITY, AND CONNECTIVITY
• UNDERSTANDING INTERACTION : IMPORTANT
ASPECT OF GLOBAL SPATIAL ORDER
• REMEMBER GLOBALIZATION
INTRODUCTION, HUMAN
GEOGRAPHY
• CORE ELEMENTS OF GEO.
• 1. FIVE THEMES
• 2. LANDSCAPE
• THE MATERIAL CHARACTER OF A PLACE
INCLUDING NATURAL FEATURES, HUMAN
STRUCTURES, AND OTHER OBJECTS THAT GIVE A
PLACE FORM.
• CULTURAL LANDSCAPE: THE IMPRINT OF HUMAN
ACTIVITY ON LANDSCAPE
• NO PRISTENE PLACE
• HUMAN ACTIVITY INTERACTING WITH LANDSCAPE
• YEARS OF ACTIVITY/IMPRINTS ON THE
LANDSCAPE-SEQUENT OCCUPANCE
• THE WALK AROUND CAMPUS…WHAT IS THAT AND
WHY IS THAT THERE?!
GEOGRAPHY TOOLS
• MAPS
• 1.REFERENCE-LOCATION OF PLACES AND
GEO. FEATURES
•
ABSOLUTE LOCATION
•
RELATIVE LOCATION
• 2.THEMATIC-TELL A STORY, SHOW
MOVEMENT
• 3.MENTAL-PLACES IN OUR MINDS
• ACTIVITY SPACES-ROUTINE TRAVEL DAILY
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4.STATISTICAL
5.CARTOGRAM
6.DOT
7.CHOROPLETH
8.ISOLINE
GEOGRAPHY TOOLS
• DISTORTION-THE “STRETCHING OF
MAPS”
• GIS, GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
SYSTEM
• GPS, GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
• MODELS- SIMPLIFIED ABSTRACTION OF
REALITY TO EXPLAIN WHY AND TO EXPLAIN
PATTERNS, MAKE DECISIONS, AND PREDICT
BEHAVIORS
• PROJECTIONS- The systematic way in which a curved
surface is represented on a flat plane (such as a page in an atlas) is
called a map projection.
• REMOTE SENSING-DISTANCE TECHNOLOGY
• TIME ZONES
SCALE AND CONNECTIVITY
• SCALE
• 1. DISTANCE ON MAP COMPARED TO
DISTANCE ON EARTH
• 2. THE TERRITORIAL EXTENT OF
SOMETHING
• GEOGRAPHERS STUDY PATTERNS
AND PLACES AT MANY SCALES:
LOCAL, REGIONAL, NATIONAL,
GLOBAL
• THE SCALE AT WHICH GEO. PHENOMENA IS
STUDIED INFORMS OF LEVEL OF DETAIL.
• DIFFERENT PATTERNS AT DIFFERENT
SCALES
• EX. DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH AT SCALE
OF GLOBE, NORTH AM, D.C.
• RESCALING, AKA, JUMPING SCALE
• EX., ZAPATISTAS IN S. MEXICO, CHIAPAS
STATE, NAFTA
REGIONS OF GEOGRAPHY
• DEFINED: AREA OF SIMILAR
CHARACTERISTICS
• THE CRITERIA TO DESCRIBE A
REGION:
• 1.FORMAL (AKA UNIFORM
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OR HOMOGENEOUS)
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2. FUNCTIONAL
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3. PERCEPTUAL
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SOME HOMOGENEITY
(SAMENESS) IN CRITERION
PHENOMENA, CULTURAL OF
PHYSICAL
EX. FRENCH SPEAKING
REGION IN EUROPE…
ACTIVITIES OR INTERACTIONS
TAKE PLACE
EX. CITY AND SURROUNDING
AREA
IN THE MINDS OF PEOPLE;
INTELLECTUAL CONSTRUCTS
• EX. MIDDLE EAST
CULTURAL REGIONS OF THE
WORLD
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NORTH AMERICA
LATIN AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA
EUROPE
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA
RUSSIA, CENTRAL ASIA, AND TRANSCAUCASIAN
REGION
SOUTH ASIA
EAST ASIA
SOUTHEAST ASIA
AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, AND PACIFIC ISLANDS
DENSITY
• Population density is a measurement of
population per unit area.
• Arithmetic density, specifically, is the total
number of people divided by the total land area.
(how many people per area of land)
• Physiological density is the total number of
people per area of arable land. ( how much land
is being used by how many people)
DISPERSION
• DISPERSION OR CONCENTRATION
• HOW PHENOMENA ARE SPREAD OUT
OVER SPACE
• DISPERSED OR SCATTERED
• CLUSTERED OR AGGLOMERATED