Getting Older
Marc Duyck MEd. PTA
Who am I?
•Adult
•Who is getting more mature
•And grey
•Who has looser skin
•Who does not like gravity
•Who is accepting
•Who likes bikes
•Who likes older people
Who am I?
•I also like sunsets
•And teaching
•And getting patients better
I am just a poor farm boy who
grew up smelling like a dairy cow
or a pig.
Inspiring Aging Adults
POLLING QUESTION
The majority of old
people (past age 65)
are senile, have bad
memory, are confused,
or are mentally ill.
ANSWER
Critical Thinking
Consider the following:
• Aging increases as physical activity decreases
• The less active one is the older they get: higher risk of heart disease,
diabetes, stroke.
social and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging
adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual
aging. Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and
attributes of recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging
adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual
aging. Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and
attributes of elderly care within the community
What does normal aging look like?
Something like this
Or Or this
AAAnd not this
Critical Thinking
Take 3 minutes with a partner to consider the following questions:
• Name 3 positive things you think of when you think of the older adult?
• Describe 3 older adults – over 70 that come to mind when you think of
healthy older adult
• What makes them healthy? Aging increases with a decrease in functional
activity. This is very important to know as PTA's. Diseases are not normal:
diabetes in the older population is not an inevitable, but occurs in part, but
not exclusively due to a decline in the cardiovascular system and
cardiovascular disease, a diet that increases the risk of developing
diabetes, and a reduction in physical output or activity and not necessarily
in that order.
• Aging increases with a decrease in functional activity. This is very
Changes that occur as we mature
What changes occur as one matures?
• Hearing
• Vision
• Taste
• Touch
• Smell, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual
aging. Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and
attributes of elderly care within the associated with the roles and attributes
of elderly care within the recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health
for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual
aging. Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and
attributes of elderly care within the community
Changes that occur as we mature
Vision: true or false: vision changes
as we mature?
•Vision: 90% experience visual loss/changes. If the eye muscle weaken, a
person is less likely at a retirement community join others at a table to eat
since it is hard to socialize with poor visual acuity due to eye muscle atrophy,
thus meal times get skipped.
•If macular degeneration occurs, a person cannot see well to cook as in
the past and the enjoyable act of preparing foods is lost, thus a person is
less likely to eat food they cannot participate in preparing, or food
becomes too expensive when prepared by others, thus important
nutrients are lost when a balanced diet is compromised.
systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging. Caregivers learn core
concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the
Changes that occur as we mature
Hearing: true or false: hearing
worsens as we mature. What %
experience significant hearing loss?
•Hearing: loss of hearing can cause confusion, inappropriate responses,
anger, disorientation and social isolation.
•Can’t hear other traffic don’t want to drive.
•Can’t hear others in conversation especially with a lot of people so the
person wants to go home.
•Less likely to take up sign language
•Finish sentences inappropriately: mom new chair from New York
systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging. Caregivers learn core
concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the
POLLING QUESTION
Most old people have
no interest in, or
capacity for, sexual
relations.
ANSWER
False
Think about it 
Changes that occur as we
mature
The elderly have decreased sensitivity to
temperature extremes such as cold or heat
True
or
False?
Changes that occur as we mature
Pain receptors decrease
• Nerve receptors responsible for pain decrease
Safety
• Being out in the heat too long – dehydration. The sense that one needs to
drink fluid in heat decreases: solution offer water frequently and encourage
fluid consumption – unless one is on a fluid restriction due to heart disease
What other issues may come up?
Changes that occur as we mature
Does the sense of smell change as
one matures?
• Yes, becomes less sensitive.
• What implications happen because of this?
• Food is less enjoyable to eat
• Less important to eat, “I am not hungry.”
If I don’t smell the food, I lose that hunger pang after passing my favorite fast
food restaurant or smelling my neighbor with his BBQ
• At age 80, smell reduction may be as much as 50% less.
body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging. Caregivers learn
core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within the
communitycial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the
aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual
aging. Caregivers learn core concepts associated with the roles and attributes
What other normal changes do
occur when one gets older: over
65?
•Reaction time – check out line faster or slower?
•Bone strength stronger or weaker?
•Why?
•Calories needed to sustain quality of life increase or decrease?
•Why?
•Blood vessels arteries – stiffer normal.
•Heart rate decreases: normal.
•Healthy lifestyles reduce risk of heart and vessel problems
POLLING QUESTION
Lung capacity tends to
decline in old age.
ANSWER
Does the heart increase or
decrease in size as we age?
POLLING QUESTION
Older people are not as
strong as young
people.
ANSWER
What other normal changes do
occur when one gets older: over
65?
•Muscles – Is it normal for muscles to shrink
when we mature?
What about sleep? Does this change?
Big picture re: aging.
What is the big picture?
POLLING QUESTION
At least 1 in 10 old
people live in nursing
homes, mental
hospitals and old
peoples’ homes.
ANSWER
POLLING QUESTION
Suicide is mainly a
problem for teenagers
and seldom happens to
older adults.
ANSWER
Partner Activity: getting older
and mental health
•Why would an older
adult be sad or
depressed?write
down 5 reasons older
adults may be
depressed.
•How would this affect
your work with an older
adult?
Mental Health and Aging
•Depression is a not so
uncommon problem.
•Why?
•Loss and grief
•Decreased sense of purpose
•Limitations on activities
•Lack of exercise
•Not able to enjoy food as much
•Negative self image
•Melancholy of youth becomes
melancholy of aging.
Signs and Symptoms of
Depression
•Symptoms and signs often gradual regular caregivers do not notice
them
•Poor concentration
•Low self-esteem
•Suicidal ideations
•Fatigue
•Wt. loss or gain
•Agitation
Signs and Symptoms of
Depression
•Sadness
•Anxiety
•Anger
•Fear
•Irritability
•Depersonalization: loss of identity, normal behavior
What to do when you see these
signs and symptoms?
•Ask the person: are
you OK?
•Notify family and your
supervisor.
•Document abnormal
behaviors.
Share observations with other
providers of care
•Social workers
•Nurses
•Physical Therapy
•Occupational Therapy
•Speech Therapy
•Chaplains
POLLING QUESTION
In general, most old
people are pretty much
alike.
ANSWER
The differences remain
the same throughout the
life span. If you're
grouchy when you’re
young, you’re grouchy
when you’re old.
Spirituality as we mature
•Older people are more religious
than younger people?
•People become more religious as
they mature.
•Older people are more active as
volunteers in
churches/synagogues/mosques
than before they retired.
•True or false. Why?
Respect of various religious or
spiritual paths
•Everyone's path is their own
•Respect
•Tolerance
•Understanding
•Acceptance
•Assuming is often not helpful
•Role is to care not convert
•Change your schedule to
accommodate those you care
for
Different cultures and differences
in expressions of faith
•Islam – Observance
•Judaism: Observance
Different cultures and differences
in expressions of faith
•Christian observance
•Other traditions
Critical Thinking
Take 5 minutes with a partner to consider the following questions:
• Name 2-3 medical problems that you have seen in an elderly client?
• What health care providers have you observed working with the older
adult?
• Has your experiene with the health care provider been positive? Why or
why not?
and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for the aging adult,
body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual aging. Caregivers learn
core concepts associated with the roles and attributes of elderly care within
the communitycial and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental health for
the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and spiritual
aging. Caregivers learn core and recreational side of aging, geriatric mental
health for the aging adult, body systems and senses, and cultural and
Overview – Common Medical
Problems and the Providers who
Help the Older Adult
CVA/Stroke
Parkinson’s Disease
Heart Disease/Diabetes
Alzheimers
CVA or stroke
• What a stroke is
• Most times is a result of a blood clot
• Sometimes is the result of a brain
bleed or hemmorhage
• Can result in one sided weakness
• Can result in balance problems
• Can result in communication or
swallowing problems
CVA and the role of care providers
at a patient’s home
• Nursing often not involved in the
home in helping this person
• However nursing may be issuing
• Plavix injections
• Tube feeding
• PT very involved in getting the pt moving
• About in bed in and out
• In and out of a chair or toilet
• Walking
CVA and the role of care providers
at a patient’s home
•Occupational Therapy: involved
in helping pt to get dressed,
bathing, eating, managing a
schedule.
•Speech: Cognition, swallowing,
how to speak and form words.
•Social work: Depression
screens. Whether home
situation is working or not.
POLLING QUESTION
Older drivers have
fewer accidents than
drivers under age 65.
ANSWER
True
Because they drive less, are
more cautious; however, they
have more fatal crashes than
drivers under 65
Parkinson’s Disease
•Lack of chemical in brain that
helps us initiate movement
•Frozen periods
•Tremor
•Late term:
•difficulty swallowing
•hard to get out of bed
•Falls
•Difficulty breathing
Role of therapy and your role
•PT helps pt move again
•Techniques to move better
•Posture re-training
•You help the patient have
more quality of life.
•Speech
•Cognition
•Swallowing
•Speech
Heart Disease and Diabetes
•Heart disease is the #1 killer in the
U.S. annually.
•¼ deaths annually are the result of
heart disease
•Heart disease is often preventable
•The heart is a muscle, when it stops
working a person dies.
•¼ children born today are or will
be diabetic.
•Adult on-set diabetes is the
most common
•When diabetes is out of control,
people take insulin.
•Diet and exercise are good tools
to assist in managing diabetes.
Polling Question
•What are some contributing factors
to heart disease?
•How many are preventable
Healthcare Team involved
•Nursing
•Blood draws when requested
•Pt. and family education
•Dressing changes
•Physical therapy
•Dressing changes
•How to walk with or without a
prosthetic in the case of
diabetes/amputation
•02 line management
•Transfer/mobility training
•Occupational Therapy
•Activities of daily living
•Dressing
•Cognitive assessments
•Toileting
•Showering
•Energy Conservation
Alzheimer’s Disease
•Cause unknown
•Occurs especially during later in life
with highest spikes as older adults
enter their 70’s and even higher in
the 80’s.
•Symptoms include a radical change
in memory of a daily task
•Leaving a stove on
•Leaving a car ignition on.
•Getting lost in a familiar area.
•The disease is devastating resulting
in a full disability over time or
quickly.
Caregiver support
•Role of professionals and
caregivers include
•Family support, especially late
term as individual with disease
requires full time care.
•This includes
•Feeding
•Toileting
•Dressing
•Mobility
•Can be very exhausting for care
team and family
Summary
• Aging takes a heavy toll on all systems of the body.
• Although many of these changes are normal, there are some that can be
slowed down or even stopped by changes in lifestyle habits.
• Be understanding when working with elderly individuals who are
experiencing rapid change for the worst.
POLLING QUESTION
Inactivity and lack of
exercise slow us down
more than age.
ANSWER
True.
“If you live an couch
potato lifestyle, you age
at 2% per year. If you are
active you age at 1/2%
per year.”
Questions?
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