Chapter 10, Section 1 http://www.utexas.edu/features/2005/jackson/graphics/jackson4.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/c/c9/Andrew-Jackson.jpg

 Several Republican candidates ran
 Three were favorite sons (supported by home states rather than national party)
 Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, & John Quincy Adams
 No one candidate received majority of electoral vote
 House prepared to vote to decide
 Clay & Adams made an agreement to use
Clay’s influence as Speaker of the House to help get Adam’s elected over Jackson
 John Quincy Adams was elected president http://www.classbrain.com/artbiographies/uploads/john-quincy-adams.jpg

 Democratic
Republicans
 Supported Andrew
Jackson
 Favored states’ rights
& mistrusted strong central government
 Many Democrats were frontier people, immigrants, or city workers
 National Republicans
 Supported John Quincy
Adams
 Wanted strong central government
 Supported federal measures, such as road building & a national bank, that would help the economy
 Many were merchants or farmers

 John Quincy Adams
 Vs
 Andrew Jackson

 Both parties resorted to mudslinging or attempts to ruin their opponents reputation
 John C. Calhoun (Adam’s former VP) switched parties & sided with Jackson
 Jackson won votes of frontier people &
Southerners = won in a landslide

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Election of 1828: State Results http://www.columbia.edu/itc/history/foner/jacksonian_america/week5-second_party/election_1828.jpg

 Jackson became a national hero during the
War of 1812
 His nickname was “Old Hickory” because he was as tough as a hickory tree
 Jackson was seen as a “common man” and small farmers, craft workers, & others supported him
 Suffrage, or the right to vote, had been expanded
 Property requirements for voting were relaxed or eliminated

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/history/foner/jacksonian_america/week5-second_party/

 “To the Victor Goes the Spoils”
 President Jackson replaced many federal workers with his supporters
 Goal of the Democrats = shake up the federal bureaucracy
 They thought ordinary citizens could handle any government job
 Spoils System = practice of replacing government employees with the winning candidate’s supporters

“To the Victor Goes the Spoils” http://dig.lib.niu.edu/teachers/jackson-spoils.jpg

 Jackson put unqualified people in his
Cabinet & did not meet with them
 He met with other advisors in the kitchen of the White House.
 These advisors became known as the
Kitchen Cabinet

 Tariff: a fee paid by merchants who imported goods
 Tariff of Abominations: name Southerners gave to the highest tariff ever
 It was passed to protect Northern manufacturers from foreign competition (Americans were more likely to buy American-made goods)
 South had to pay higher prices for European goods

How did the the Tariff?
 V.P. John C. Calhoun argued that
South Protest a state or a group of states had the right to nullify, or cancel, a federal law it considered against state interests
 Some Southerners call for
Southern states to secede, or break away, from the U.S.
 Nullification Crisis
 Nullification: the idea that a state had the right to cancel a federal law it considered unconstitutional
 Congress (1832) passed a new lower tariff & Pres. Jackson had
John C. Calhoun
Congress pass a Force Bill, allowing military action to enforce acts of Congress http://www.columbia.edu/itc/history/foner/jacksonian_america/week5-second_party/calhoun.jpg

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olumbia.edu/ itc/history/fo ner/jacksoni an_america/ week5second_part y/nullification
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