Lecture 23
Human Reproductive System
26-1
Anatomy of the Male
Reproductive System
• Testes
– Produce
spermatozoa
Urinary bladder
(gametes)
– Produce androgens
Ductus
(hormones)
deferens
• Series of ducts
• Accessory glands (3)
– Secretions added to
sperm to form
semen
– Seminal vesicle,
prostate gland, and
bulbourethral gland
Ureters
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory duct
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral
gland
Anus
Urethra
Penis
Epididymis
Glans
Prepuce
Testis
Scrotum
Fig. 28.11
26-2
Anatomy of the Male
Reproductive System
• Supporting structures
– Scrotum
• 2 chambered sac
that contains
testes
• Muscles help
regulate
temperature
– Penis
• Important sexual
organ and part of
the urinary system
Ureter
Penis
Urinary bladder
Ductus
deferens
Spermatic cord
Epididymis
Cremaster muscle
Testis
Dartos muscle
Scrotum
Fig. 28.12
26-3
Descent of Testes
• Descent
– Pass from
abdominal
cavity through
inguinal canal
to scrotum
26-4
Testes
• Compartments divided
by septa
– Seminiferous tubules
• Empty into efferent
ductules
• Efferent ductules
empty into
epididymis
– Epididymis
• Site of sperm cell
maturation
• 12-16 days
Fig. 28.13 26-5
Male Reproductive Structures
Ducts
Urinary bladder
• Ductus deferens or vas
deferens
– Passes from
epididymis into
abdominal cavity
• Ejaculatory duct
– Joining of ductus
deferens and seminal
vesicle
Ureter
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory
duct
Prostate
gland
Bulbourethral
gland
Ductus
deferens
Urethra
Epididymis
Testis
Fig. 28.15
26-6
Male Reproductive Structures
Urethra
Urinary bladder
• Urethra
– Extends from urinary
bladder to distal end of
penis
– Passageway for urine
and male reproductive
fluids
Ureter
Seminal vesicle
Ejaculatory
duct
Prostate
gland
Bulbourethral
gland
Ductus
deferens
Urethra
Epididymis
Testis
Fig. 28.15
26-7
•
Male Reproductive Structures
Penis
Three columns of
Urinary bladder
erectile tissue that
engorge with blood
Ureter
– Corpora cavernosa (2)
– Corpus spongiosum (1)
• Glans penis
– Prepuce or foreskin
covers
Corpus
cavernosum
• Circumcision: Surgical
removal
Urethra
Testis
Penis
Corpus
spongiosum
Glans
Fig. 28.15
Clinical View, pg. 866
26-8
Anatomy of Female
Reproductive System
• Female
reproductive
organs
–
–
–
–
–
Ureter
Uterine tube
Ovary
Fimbriae of
uterine tube
Uterus
Ovaries
Urinary bladder
Uterine tubes
Uterus
Urethra
Clitoris
Vagina
External urethral
orifice
External genital Vaginal orifice
organs
– Mammary glands
Cervix of uterus
Rectum
Vagina
Anus
Fig. 28.2
26-9
Uterine Tubes
• Uterine or fallopian
tubes or oviducts
– Open directly into
peritoneal cavity to
receive oocyte
from ovary
– Transport oocyte or
zygote from ovary
to uterus
Uterine tube
Infundibulum
Uterus
Fimbriae
Broad ligament
Cervix
Vagina
(a) Posterior view
Ovary
Ureter
Fig. 28.3
26-10
Uterus & Vagina
• Uterus
Fig. 28.7
– Parts: fundus, body, cervix
– Composed of 3 layers
• Perimetrium: Serous membrane
• Myometrium: Smooth muscle
• Endometrium: Mucous membrane
26-11
Female External Genitalia
• Vulva external female
genitalia
– Vestibule: Space
• Labia minora: Form
borders on sides
• Clitoris: Erectile
structure
– Corpora
cavernosa
– Corpora
spongiosa
Fig. 28.9
26-12
Review Question
The structure of the female reproductive
system that is homologous to the penis of
the male system is the
(a) Vagina
(b) Labia minora
(c) Uterus
(d) Fallopian tubes
(e) Clitoris
26-13
Points to Remember
• Male and female reproductive systems share
similarities as evidence of homology
• Important functions of:
– Production of gametes and sex hormones
– Production of sperm (temperature-sensitive)
– Receiving sperm (semen is mixture of sperm and
secretions of three accessory glands)
– Providing site for development of fetus and birth
– Breast milk secretions provide nourishment
26-14
Questions?
26-15