ARE VACCINES SAFE AND
EFFECTIVE?
DR. BOYD E. HALEY
PROFESSOR OF
CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY
EMERITUS
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
CDC Recommended Immunization Schedule for Persons Aged 0 Through
6 Years—United States • 2011
http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/recs/schedules/downloads/child/0-6yrs-schedule-pr.pdf
Important Observations
1. Today 2011, the USA has the highest infant
vaccination rate in the world, yet the USA is
number 41 on the infant mortality list.
2. The USA has a very high rate of aged individuals
being vaccinated, yet we are now number 28 on
the longevity list.
3. A recent report by Generation Rescue clearly
shows the USA has the highest vaccine rate and
the highest level of autism of 5 major countries.
4. If vaccines decrease the rate of childhood death
due to infectious diseases what types of death
are occurring that make the USA place #41?
USA Lags on Child Mortality, Figures Show---by Noam
N. Levey Chicago Tribune May 23, 2010
• Children mortality rates younger than 5 fell to 7.7
million, down from 11.9 million two decades ago.
•USA now ranks 42nd globally, behind much of Europe
as well as the United Arab Emirates, Cuba and Chile.
•Twenty years (1990) ago the USA was 29th .
•Singapore has a mortality rate of 2.5 deaths per
1,000 and the USA rate is 6.7 per 1,000.
•High rates exist among higher income whites, a
group that traditionally has best access to medical
care.
CONSIDERATIONS
•After making vaccines compulsory the USA dropped
from 3rd in the table of infant mortality to 24th. Due
no doubt to their high incidence of SID cot-death
(8,000).
• The Japanese (pop 120 million) after delaying the
DPT vaccine until the second year, in 1975 &
76, immediately jumped from 17th place to the
country with the lowest infant mortality in the world.
•In 1988 they lowered the minimum age again and
the infant mortality immediately increased again.
Child Death Rates in the United States
Although the under-5 mortality rate in the United States has fallen in recent
decades, it is still higher than many other wealthy nations – 2.3 times that of
Iceland and more than 75 percent higher than the rate of the Czech Republic,
Finland, Italy, Japan, Norway, Slovenia and Sweden. If CDC mandated
vaccinations prevent death why is their such disparity in child death rates
between these states?
Child Deaths in the Developed World
Infant death rate (under 1 year old per 1,000 births)
1997,
Luxemborg
Singapore
Sweden (1996)
Japan
Finland (1996)
Austria
France (1996)
Germany
Spain (1995)
Slovenia
Canada
Uk
Czech republic
Denmark (1996)
Australia (1995)
Ireland (1996)
Iceland (1995)
Italy
(1995)
Israel (1996)
Malta
Portugal
Greece
New Zealand (1996)
USA
Cuba (1996)
Croatia
Hungary
Estonia
Lithuania
Poland (1996)
Latvia
Moldova
Mauritius
Brazil (1995)
Argentina (1996)
3.45
3.76
3.82
3.65
3.91
4.73
4.76
4.86
5.49
5.21
5.52
5.86
5.85
5.51
5.55
5.98
6.07
6.19
6.32
6.41
6.43
6.43
7.26
7.22 per 1,000
7.90
8.23
9.85
10.05
10.34
12.20
15.34
20.65
20.33
26.25
20.87
2006
6.89
3.86
4.98
5.43
5.76
6.43
6.22
6.72
8.39
7.73
6.78
7.22
9.35
38.38
14.59
WHO infant deaths http://www-nt.who.int/whosis/statistics/whsa/whsa_table2.cfm?path=evidence,whsa,whsa_table2&language=english
TABLE 7 Number of Live Births and IMRs for 2004, 2005, and 2006 for Countries of 2,500,000 With IMRs Less
Than the United States in 2006.
Country
No. of Births
INFANT MORTALITY RATE
in 2006.
2006
2005
2004
Hong Kong
65 626
1.8a
2.3
2.7
Japan
1,092 674
2.6
2.8
2.8
Sweden
105 913
2.8
2.4
3.1
Finland
58 840
2.8
3.0
3.3
Norway
58 545
3.2
3.1
3.2
Czech Republic
105 831
3.3
3.4
3.7
Portugal
105 449
3.3
3.5
3.8
France
796 896
3.6
3.6
3.9
Austria
77 914
3.6
4.2
4.5
Greece
112 042
3.7
3.8
4.1
Italy
560 010
3.8
3.8
3.9
Spain
481 102
3.8
3.8
4.0
Germany
672 724
3.8
3.9
4.1
Korea
451 514
3.8
4.2
4.6
Denmark
64 984
3.8
4.4
4.4
Israel
148 170
4.0
4.4
4.6
Belgium
121 382
4.0
3.7
3.8
Switzerland
73 371
4.4
4.2
4.2
Netherlands
185 057
4.4
4.9
4.4
Australia
265 423
4.7
5.0
4.6
United Kingdom
748 563
5.0
5.1
5.0
New Zealand
59 193
5.1
5.1
5.6
Croatia
41 446
5.2
5.7
6.1
Cuba
111 323
5.3
6.2
5.8
Canada
350 181
NA
5.4
5.3
Hungary
99 871
5.7
6.2
6.6
Poland
374 244
6.0
6.4
6.8
Malaysia
465 112
6.2
6.6
6.5
United States
4 ,265 555
6.7
6.9
6.8
Data source: Tables 9 and 15. In: United Nations Demographic Yearbook, 2007. New York, NY: United Nations; 2009:328 –338, 405–
413.
PEDIATRICS 2010;125;4-15 M. Heron et al.
The Effects of a High Infant Death Rate
•Top four best averaged = 1.8 + 2.6 + 2.8 +2.8 = 10/4 =
2.5 deaths per 1000.
•USA death rate = 6.7 Therefore, 6.7 – 2.5= 4.2 more
deaths per 1,000 than the top four best.
•USA yearly birth population = 4 ,265 555 or 4,265.5
times 1,000 births.
•4265.5 X 4.2 more deaths per 1,000 = 17,915 more
infants die in the USA than would if we had an infant
mortality equal to the average of the four best
countries.
•RIGHT TO LIFE AFTER BIRTH NEEDS ATTENTION!
WHAT DOES HISTORY IMPLY
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTION OF
VACCINE TO THE ERRADICATION
OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES?
Death Rate for Infectious Diseases
Anti-vaccine Activists Get Jabbed By Michael Fumento
Scripps Howard News Service, March 11, 2004
Truncated graphs made to make vaccines look much more effective than they really are.
WHAT WAS THE
RATE DECLINE
BEFORE THE
START DATES ON
THESE PROVACCINE GRAPHS?
?
?
?
NOW FOR THE REST OF
THE STORY.
Most rapid decline of deaths
due to infectious diseases
occurred before the advent of
vaccines to treat them.
What ended this
epidemic of polio???
Diphtheria & Pertussis
vaccines 1949
Salk era polio
epidemic
Measles Vaccine started
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
Trends in Infectious Disease Mortality in the United States During the 20th Century;
Gregory L. Armstrong; Laura A. Conn; Robert W. Pinner; JAMA. 1999;281(1):61-66
DATA FROM ENGLAND
QUESTIONABLE
EFFICACY???
Deaths from Diphtheria
dropped dramatically before
the advent of vaccines!
DATA FROM THE USA Data & graphs supplied by Roman Bystrianyk
There has never been a vaccine
for scarlet fever.
Scarlet Fever Death Rate (England & Wales)
reveals that in the period of 1865 to 1935, before sulfonamides had become
available in England and Wales, the annual death rate from scarlet fever declined by
approximately 96 percent. UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION Medical Miracle or Masterful Mirage By Dr. Raymond
Obomsawin
Deaths from Pertussis dropped
dramatically before advent of vaccine.
DATA FROM THE USA
Data & graphs supplied by Roman Bystrianyk
1.
2.
3.
4.
332 – 8 = 324
197/324 = 0.608
197 + 45 + 20 = 262
262/324 = .809
AT LEAST 61% WERE
UP TO DATE
VACCINATED.
ABOUT 81% WERE
VACCINATED.
UTD = up-to-date with age appropriate pertussis vaccinations by immunization record review or parent report
NUTD = not up-to-date with age appropriate pertussis vaccinations
PBE = personal belief exemption reported by parent and/or physician
UNK = unknown
TDAP DUE = any child 11-18 years old who had only 5 pertussis containing immunizations with no Tdap noted
(source: San Diego County Health & Human Services Agency)
•CDC Statement On Why Vaccinated People In Calif. Are
Contracting Pertussis
•Vaccines for pertussis are very effective, but no vaccine protects
forever in 100 percent of those vaccinated. Protection wanes over
time, which is the reason for intermittent “booster doses.”
•High vaccination coverage in communities and in families also
protects others, including those who are too young to be
vaccinated or whose immunity from vaccination has waned.
•CA is experiencing a significant increase in pertussis circulating
in the community. That disease pressure is causing more fully
vaccinated and recently vaccinated people to become infected
than in a typical year. It does not mean the vaccine is not
working.???
•Rather, the higher the vaccine coverage, the higher the
proportion of cases who have been vaccinated. This is commonly
misinterpreted to mean that a vaccine is not working, when in fact
it means that coverage is high.?????????
http://www.kpbs.org/news/2010/sep/07/whooping-cough-vaccine-working/
ANOTHER PERSPECTIVE
•IF YOU BUY THE LOGIC OF THE CDC YOU CAN NEVER
DETERMINE THAT A VACCINE IS NOT EFFECTIVE.
•VACCINES ARE MEANT TO PREVENT INFECTIONS, NO
MATTER THE SOURCE. THE PRECEDING DATA SHOWS
THAT THE WHOOPING COUGH VACCINE DOES NOT
WORK EFFECTIVELY, AT BEST.
•HOW DO OTHER VACCINES COMPARE WITH
REGARDS TO PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES?
•DOES DATA REALLY EXIST TO SHOW GOOD EFFICACY
FOR ANY COMMERCIAL VACCINE?
FLU
Vaccine
started. What
stopped the
decline?
This graph shows a magnified view of the devastation caused by tuberculosis and influenza was far greater
than the other infectious diseases of scarlet fever, measles, diphtheria, whooping cough, and typhoid. The
graph also reveals the horrible death rate during the 1918 flu pandemic.
Put simply, polio rates
decreased before the use of
any vaccine.
Poliomyelitis (Dominican Republic)
reveals that in the period of 1980 to mid 1983--before implementation of EPI the poliomyelitis
morbidity rate underwent a natural decline equivalent to 98.5 percent to what is practically an
eradication level of only 1 per million. EPI was followed by a continuing natural decline to zero,
however the incidence of poliomyelitis then underwent a minor increase for two years, and
gradually returned to a zero level in 1980. UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION Medical Miracle or Masterful Mirage By Dr. Raymond
Obomsawin
Polio Myth
Polio cases rose about 300 to 400% in these 5 places
that made the Salk vaccine compulsory by law:
—North Carolina: 78 cases in 1958 before compulsory
shots. 313 cases in 1959. A 401% INCREASE
—Connecticut: 45 cases in 1958 before compulsory
shots. 123 cases in 1959. A 273% INCREASE
—Tennessee: 119 cases in 1958 before compulsory
shots. 386 cases in 1959. A 324% INCREASE
—Ohio: 17 cases in 1958 before compulsory shots. 52
cases in 1959. A 305% INCREASE
—Los Angeles: 89 cases in 1958 before compulsory
shots. 190 cases in 1959. A 213% INCREASE
WW I
Highest compliance
for vaccination!
1900
1920
1940
1960
1980
Trends in Infectious Disease Mortality in the United States During the 20th Century;
Gregory L. Armstrong; Laura A. Conn; Robert W. Pinner; JAMA. 1999;281(1):61-66
Typhoid and dysentery
decreased dramatically
without the presence of a
vaccine to prevent them!
This was the result of
improve hygiene.
Trends in Infectious Disease Mortality in the United States During the 20th Century;
Gregory L. Armstrong; Laura A. Conn; Robert W. Pinner; JAMA. 1999;281(1):61-66
The scourge of syphilis
was decreased by the
advent of antibiotics.
Trends in Infectious Disease Mortality in the United States During the 20th Century;
Gregory L. Armstrong; Laura A. Conn; Robert W. Pinner; JAMA. 1999;281(1):61-66
THE FLU SEASON AND THE CDC
WARNING: DOES IT MAKE
SENSE?
EVERY FLU SEASON THE MEDIA POUNDS CITIZENS
WITH THE WARNING FROM THE CDC THAT 36,000
AMERICAN DIE EVERY YEAR FROM COMPLICATIONS
CAUSED BY THE FLU.
CONSIDER: 36,000/50 STATES = 720 DEATHS/STATE
AVERAGE. WHEN HAVE YOU EVER HEARD OF THIS
MANY FOLKS DYING OF THE FLU? THE CDC REPORT
IS JUST TOTALLY INACCURATE AND MISLEADING AND
IS PART OF THEIR ENTIRE “PROGRAM OF FEAR”.
.
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults.
Jefferson T, Di Pietrantonj C, Rivetti A, Bawazeer GA, Al-Ansary LA, Ferroni E. Cochrane
Database Syst Rev. 2010
Jul 7;(7):CD001269 Vaccines Field, The Cochrane Collaboration, Via Adige 28a, Anguillara
Sabazia, Roma, Italy, 00061.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Different types of influenza vaccines are currently produced worldwide. Healthy
adults are presently targeted mainly in North America.
OBJECTIVES: Identify, retrieve and assess all studies evaluating the effects of vaccines against
influenza in healthy adults.
SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)
(The Cochrane Library, 2010, issue 2), MEDLINE (January 1966 to June 2010) and EMBASE (1990
to June 2010).
SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs comparing influenza
vaccines with placebo or no intervention in naturally-occurring influenza in healthy individuals aged 16
to 65 years. We also included comparative studies assessing serious and rare harms.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed trial quality and
extracted data.
MAIN RESULTS: We included 50 reports. Forty (59 sub-studies) were clinical trials of over 70,000
people. Eight were comparative non-RCTs and assessed serious harms. Two were reports of harms
which could not be introduced in the data analysis. In the relatively uncommon circumstance of
vaccine matching the viral circulating strain and high circulation, 4% of unvaccinated people versus
1% of vaccinated people developed influenza symptoms (risk difference (RD) 3%, 95% confidence
interval (CI) 2% to 5%). The corresponding figures for poor vaccine matching were 2% and 1% (RD 1,
95% CI 0% to 3%). These differences were not likely to be due to chance. Vaccination had a
modest effect on time off work and had no effect on hospital admissions or complication
rates. Inactivated vaccines caused local harms and an estimated 1.6 additional cases of
Guillain-Barré Syndrome per million vaccinations. The harms evidence base is limited.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Jul 7;(7):CD001269.
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults.
Jefferson T, Di Pietrantonj C, Rivetti A, Bawazeer GA, Al-Ansary LA, Ferroni E.
Vaccines Field, The Cochrane Collaboration, Via Adige 28a, Anguillara Sabazia, Roma,
Italy, 00061.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccines have a modest effect in
reducing influenza symptoms and working days lost. There is no evidence
that they affect complications, such as pneumonia, or transmission.WARNING:
This review includes 15 out of 36 trials funded by industry (four had no funding
declaration). An earlier systematic review of 274 influenza vaccine studies
published up to 2007 found industry funded studies were published in more
prestigious journals and cited more than other studies independently from
methodological quality and size. Studies funded from public sources were
significantly less likely to report conclusions favorable to the vaccines.
The review showed that reliable evidence on influenza vaccines is thin but
there is evidence of widespread manipulation of conclusions and
spurious notoriety of the studies. The content and conclusions of this review
should be interpreted in light of this finding.
PMID: 20614424 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
As Vaccination
Rates Rise, Flu
Deaths Little
Changed; p. F4,
Tuesday, October
25, 2005
Washington Post.
REASONING???
•IT IS RATHER EASY TO FIND DATA THAT WOULD
QUESTION THE INTELLIGENCE OF THE SUPPORT FOR A
LARGE FLU VACCINE PROGRAMS.
•IT SEEMS THE VACCINE INDUSTRY USES FEAR AND
INTIMIDATION TO PUSH THE VACCINATION RATES RATHER
THAN PROVIDE PROOF OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY.
•FOLLOW THE MONEY TRAIL. HAS THE USA PRODUCED
AN INDUSTRY THAT FIGHTS FOR ITS SURVIVAL BASED ON
FALSE DATA?
•LATEST FROM THE CDC: YOU CAN CHOOSE TO GET YOUR
VACCINE USING A DRAMATICALLY SMALLER NEEDLE.
WALMART, RITE AID AND FLEA MARKETS WILL HAVE
ADEQUATE SUPPLIES.
Typhoid and Scarlet Fever vanished without vaccines but with clean water, better
nutrition, sanitation and living conditions.
Typhoid and Scarlet Fever vanished without vaccines but with clean water,
better nutrition, sanitation and living conditions.
The incidence of Pertussis (Whopping Cough) spiked after the vaccine was first introduced. One of
the symptoms related to the earlier vaccines was a cough that was similar to the whopping cough.
What many medical professionals feel is that Whopping Cough was misdiagnosed and that caused
the apparent increase in this disease.
UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION Medical Miracle or Masterful
Mirage
By Dr. Raymond Obomsawin
•If Vaccine "Lymph" isn't enough for anyone to see
the absurdity of smallpox vaccination, then the
smallpox graphs give the picture in a second.
•And the rest of the vaccine graphs paint a similar
picture of the great vaccine fraud, with the measles
one being a special eye opener, 99.4% reduction in
death rate from 1901/2 (England & Wales) to 1968
when they introduced measles vaccination.
•And parents are sold the outrageous lie that
vaccination was the only factor in its decline, when it
didn't in fact do anything.
The Questionable Contribution of Medical Measures to the Decline
of Mortality in the United States in the Twentieth Century John B.
McKinlay; Sonja M. McKinlay, The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly.
Health and Society, Vol. 55, No. 3. (Summer, 1977), pp.405-428.
•“The four diseases (pneumonia, influenza, whooping cough, and diphtheria)
exhibit relatively smooth mortality trends which are unaffected by the medical
measures, even though these were introduced relatively early, when the death
rates were still notable.”
•“it is only for poliomyelitis that the medical measure appears to have produced
any noticeable change in the trends.”
•“Clearly, for tuberculosis, typhoid, measles, and scarlet fever, the medical
measures considered were introduced at the point when the death rate for each
of these diseases was already negligible. Any change in the rates of decline
which may have occurred subsequent to the interventions could only be
minute.”
•“More specifically, with reference to those five conditions (influenza,
pneumonia, diphtheria, whooping cough, and poliomyelitis) for which the
decline in mortality appears substantial after the point of intervention-and on the
unlikely assumption that all of this decline is attributable to the intervention-it is
estimated that at most 3.5 percent of the total decline in mortality since 1900
could be ascribed to medical measures introduced for the diseases considered
•here.”
Based on the official death numbers as recorded in the Official Year Books of the
Commonwealth of Australia, are taken from Greg Beattie's excellent book
"Vaccination A Parent's Dilemma" and represent the decline in death rates from
infectious disease in Australia. They clearly show that vaccines had nothing to do
with the decline in death rates.
Based on the official death numbers as recorded in the Official Year Books of
the Commonwealth of Australia, are taken from Greg Beattie's excellent book
"Vaccination A Parent's Dilemma" and represent the decline in death rates from
infectious disease in Australia. They clearly show that vaccines had nothing to
do with the decline in death rates.
Based on the official death numbers as recorded in the Official Year Books of
the Commonwealth of Australia, are taken from Greg Beattie's excellent book
"Vaccination A Parent's Dilemma" and represent the decline in death rates
from infectious disease in Australia. They clearly show that vaccines had
nothing to do with the decline in death rates.
Based on the official death numbers as recorded in the Official Year Books of
the Commonwealth of Australia, are taken from Greg Beattie's excellent book
"Vaccination A Parent's Dilemma" and represent the decline in death rates
from infectious disease in Australia. They clearly show that vaccines had
nothing to do with the decline in death rates.
Based on the official death numbers as recorded in the Official Year
Books of the Commonwealth of Australia, are taken from Greg Beattie's
excellent book "Vaccination A Parent's Dilemma" and represent the
decline in death rates from infectious disease in Australia. They clearly
show that vaccines had nothing to do with the decline in death rates.
Based on the official death numbers as recorded in the Official Year Books of
the Commonwealth of Australia, are taken from Greg Beattie's excellent book
"Vaccination A Parent's Dilemma" and represent the decline in death rates
from infectious disease in Australia. They clearly show that vaccines had
nothing to do with the decline in death rates.
SUMMARY
•Vaccines cannot take credit for the massive improvement in
human survival from infectious diseases. Hygiene, good
housing, antibiotics plus dietary improvements have played
the major role in decrease in infectious diseases.
•It is very questionable that certain individual vaccines are
efficacious.
•The cost of our vaccine programs may not be cost effective
and the funds could be better spent improving hygiene and
diets.
•Vaccine may even be responsible for the increased infant
deaths in the USA compared to other modern countries.
•To mandate citizens be vaccinated based on the existing
science is unsupportable.
A Positive Association found between Autism Prevalence and
Childhood Vaccination uptake across the U.S. Population.
Delong G. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2011 Jan;74(14):903-16.
pdf here
The reason for the rapid rise of autism in the United States that began in the 1990s is a
mystery. Although individuals probably have a genetic predisposition to develop
autism, researchers suspect that one or more environmental triggers are also
needed. One of those triggers might be the battery of vaccinations that young children
receive. Using regression analysis and controlling for family income and ethnicity, the
relationship between the proportion of children who received the recommended vaccines
by age 2 years and the prevalence of autism (AUT) or speech or language impairment
(SLI) in each U.S. state from 2001 and 2007 was determined. A positive and
statistically significant relationship was found: The higher the proportion of
children receiving recommended vaccinations, the higher was the prevalence of
AUT or SLI. A 1% increase in vaccination was associated with an additional 680
children having AUT or SLI. Neither parental behavior nor access to care affected the
results, since vaccination proportions were not significantly related (statistically) to any
other disability or to the number of pediatricians in a U.S. state. The results suggest that
although mercury has been removed from many vaccines, other culprits may link
vaccines to autism. Further study into the relationship between vaccines and autism is
warranted.
Thimerosal reduced
vaccines available.
CDC MANDATED
VACCINE PROGRAM
1988
Thimerosal preserved flu
vaccine recommended by
CDC for pregnant mothers
and infants 6 months old
Increase over the last 15 years Children with Autism / ASD age 6-21 in U.S.
Schools. Source: U.S. Department of Education
DTP AND HIB
VACCINES
CONTAINED
THIMEROSAL
Data and graph are from a 2001 peer reviewed paper by Jick & Kaye. The dates of
changes to the vaccine schedule superimposed - Sources stated on them - British
Medical Journal. Source: Clifford G. Miller
AUTISM AND THE RATE OF ASD IN EIGHT YEAR OLDS FROM 1992, 1994 AND 1996 AND
RELATIONSHIP TO COMPLIANCY IN RECEIVING THE HEPATITIS-B VACCINE
VACCINE DATE
1992
1994
1996
2000
YEAR EVALUATED
2000
2002
2004
2008
ASD/10,000(ADDM)
67
74
>100
???
HEP-B % (CDC DATA)
8%
27%
82%
Thimerosal removed(?) from infant vaccines in 2003. ADDM (Autism& Developmental Disabilities Monitoring
network, CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report). Hep-B introduced in 1991 with 25mcgs thimerosal. HepB rates were from National Immunization Survey.
FACTS
•There is no CDC data on the autism rate after thimerosal removal.
•Hepatitis B vaccine to newborn baby boys more than triples the risk of ASD. Annals of
Epidemiology.
•Infant male primates who received one dose of the Hepatitis-B were far more likely to
display developmental delays than unvaccinated controls. Neurotoxicology.
•Boys getting the 3-shot HepB vaccine series were eight times more likely to require
early intervention services than boys who did not have the series. Toxicological and
Environmental Chemistry.
•Children who received the Hepatitis B vaccine series were 50% to 74% more likely to
develop "central nervous system inflammatory demyelination" than children who did not
receive the vaccine depending on the vaccine manufacturer. Neurology.
SPECIAL REPORT: AUTISM AND VACCINES AROUND THE WORLD:
Vaccine Schedules, Autism Rates, and Under 5 Mortality
Generation Rescue, Inc. April 2009
The United States has the highest number of mandated vaccines for
children under 5 in the world (36, double the Western world average of
18), the highest autism rate in the world (1 in 150 children, 10 times or
more the rate of some other Western countries), but only places 34th in
the world for its children under 5 mortality rate. What’s going on?
Context: There is an intense debate over the correlation between rising autism prevalence and the United
States vaccine schedule. The vaccine schedule for children aged 5 and under has nearly tripled in 25 years. In
1983, the Centers for Disease Control recommended 10 vaccines for this age group. Today, the recommendation
is 36 vaccines. Calls by advocacy organizations for a “safer and leaner vaccine schedule” have been
dismissed, with health authorities implying that mortality rates from childhood diseases would materially
increase. Objective: To compare vaccine schedules, autism rates, and under 5 mortality rates of the United
States to other countries to see if any differences emerge. Design: A full publication and literature review was
completed to determine vaccine schedules and under 5 mortality rates for 30 countries, including the United
States. The 29 other countries all had lower (better) under 5 mortality rates than the U.S. Additionally, autism rates
were compared for certain countries with reliable, published autism prevalence data. Results: The United States
mandates the most vaccines in the Western world (36), double the average of the 30 countries studied (18). All
countries with lower vaccine mandates have better under 5 mortality rates and many have materially lower autism
rates. Conclusions:
The analysis lends credibility to the relationship
between vaccines and autism and challenges the public view of both the
Centers for Disease Control and American Academy of Pediatrics that
more vaccines is always positive for public health.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders: cause or effect?
Palmieri L, Persico AM. Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department
of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy; Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, Bari, Italy.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 May 1. [Epub ahead of print]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20441769
Autism Spectrum Disorders encompass severe developmental disorders characterized
by variable degrees of impairment in language, communication and social skills, as well
as by repetitive and stereotypic patterns of behaviour. Substantial percentages of
autistic patients display peripheral markers of mitochondrial energy metabolism
dysfunction, such as (a) elevated lactate, pyruvate, and alanine levels in blood,
urine and/or cerebrospinal fluid, (b) serum carnitine deficiency, and/or (c)
enhanced oxidative stress. These biochemical abnormalities are accompanied by
highly heterogeneous clinical presentations, which generally (but by no means always)
encompass neurological and systemic symptoms relatively unusual in idiopathic autistic
disorder. In some patients, these abnormalities have been successfully explained by the
presence of specific mutations or rearrangements in their mitochondrial or nuclear DNA.
However, in the majority of cases, abnormal energy metabolism cannot be immediately
linked to specific genetic or genomic defects. Recent evidence from post-mortem
studies of autistic brains points toward abnormalities in mitochondrial function as
possible downstream consequences of dysreactive immunity and altered calcium
(Ca2+) signalling.
Biochemical and molecular basis of thimerosal-induced apoptosis in T cells: a
major role of mitochondrial pathway.
Makani S, Gollapudi S, Yel L, Chiplunkar S, Gupta S. Genes Immun. 2002 Aug;3(5):2708.
Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratories, Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA.
Abstract
The major source of thimerosal (ethyl mercury thiosalicylate) exposure is childhood
vaccines. It is believed that the children are exposed to significant accumulative dosage
of thimerosal during the first 2 years of life via immunization. Because of health-related
concerns for exposure to mercury, we examined the effects of thimerosal on the
biochemical and molecular steps of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in Jurkat T cells.
Thimerosal and not thiosalcylic acid (non-mercury component of thimerosal), in a
concentration-dependent manner, induced apoptosis in T cells as determined by
TUNEL and propidium iodide assays, suggesting a role of mercury in T cell apoptosis.
Apoptosis was associated with depolarization of mitochondrial membrane, release of
cytochrome c and apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondria, and activation
of caspase-9 and caspase-3, but not of caspase-8. In addition, thimerosal in a
concentration-dependent manner inhibited the expression of XIAP, cIAP-1 but did not
influence cIAP-2 expression. Furthermore, thimerosal enhanced intracellular
reactive oxygen species and reduced intracellular glutathione (GSH). Finally,
exogenous glutathione protected T cells from thimerosal-induced apoptosis by
upregulation of XIAP and cIAP1 and by inhibiting activation of both caspase-9 and
caspase-3. These data suggest that thimerosal induces apoptosis in T cells via
mitochondrial pathway by inducing oxidative stress and depletion of GSH.
PMID: 12140745 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Thimerosal induces neuronal cell apoptosis by causing
cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor release from
mitochondria.
Yel L, Brown LE, Su K, Gollapudi S, Gupta S. Int J Mol Med. 2005 Dec;16(6):971-7.
Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. lyel@uci.edu
Abstract
There is a worldwide increasing concern over the neurological risks of thimerosal
(ethylmercury thiosalicylate) which is an organic mercury compound that is commonly
used as an antimicrobial preservative. In this study, we show that thimerosal, at
nanomolar concentrations, induces neuronal cell death through the mitochondrial
pathway. Thimerosal, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, decreased cell
viability as assessed by calcein-ethidium staining and caused apoptosis detected by
Hoechst 33258 dye. Thimerosal-induced apoptosis was associated with
depolarization of mitochondrial membrane, generation of reactive oxygen species,
and release of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from
mitochondria to cytosol. Although thimerosal did not affect cellular expression of Bax
at the protein level, we observed translocation of Bax from cytosol to mitochondria.
Finally, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were activated in the absence of caspase-8 activation.
Our data suggest that thimerosal causes apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by
changing the mitochondrial microenvironment.
PMID: 16273274 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Mitochondrial mediated thimerosal-induced apoptosis in a human neuroblastoma
cell line (SK-N-SH).
Humphrey ML, Cole MP, Pendergrass JC, Kiningham KK. Neurotoxicology. 2005 Jun;26(3):407-16.
Department of Pharmacology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University,
Huntington, WV 25704-9388, USA.
Abstract
Environmental exposure to mercurials continues to be a public health issue due to their deleterious
effects on immune, renal and neurological function. Recently the safety of thimerosal, an ethyl
mercury-containing preservative used in vaccines, has been questioned due to exposure of infants
during immunization. Mercurials have been reported to cause apoptosis in cultured neurons;
however, the signaling pathways resulting in cell death have not been well characterized.
Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the mode of cell death in an in vitro model of
thimerosal-induced neurotoxicity, and more specifically, to elucidate signaling pathways which might
serve as pharmacological targets. Within 2 h of thimerosal exposure (5 microM) to the human
neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-SH, morphological changes, including membrane alterations and cell
shrinkage, were observed. Cell viability, assessed by measurement of lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) activity in the medium, as well as the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide (MTT) assay, showed a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in cell survival upon
thimerosal exposure. In cells treated for 24 h with thimerosal, fluorescence microscopy indicated
cells undergoing both apoptosis and oncosis/necrosis. To identify the apoptotic pathway associated
with thimerosal-mediated cell death, we first evaluated the mitochondrial cascade, as both inorganic
and organic mercurials have been reported to accumulate in the organelle. Cytochrome c was
shown to leak from the mitochondria, followed by caspase 9 cleavage within 8 h of treatment. In
addition, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) was cleaved to form a 85 kDa fragment following
maximal caspase 3 activation at 24 h. Taken together these findings suggest deleterious
effects on the cytoarchitecture by thimerosal and initiation of mitochondrial-mediated
apoptosis.
HEPATITIS B VACCINATION OF MALE NEONATES AND
AUTISM
CM Gallagher, MS Goodman, Graduate Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony
Brook, NY Annals of Epidemiology Vol. 19, No. 9 ABSTRACTS (ACE) September 2009: 651–680 p. 659 P24
PURPOSE: Universal newborn immunization with hepatitis B vaccine was
recommended in 1991; however, safety findings are mixed. The Vaccine Safety Datalink
Workgroup reported no association between hepatitis B vaccination at birth and febrile
episodes or neurological adverse events. Other studies found positive associations
between hepatitis B vaccination and ear infection, pharyngitis, and chronic arthritis; as
well as receipt of early intervention/ special education services (EIS); in probability
samples of U.S. children. Children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) comprise a
growing caseload for EIS. We evaluated the association between hepatitis B vaccination
of male neonates and parental report of ASD. METHODS: This cross-sectional study
used U.S. probability samples obtained from National Health Interview Survey 1997–
2002 datasets. Logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the effect of neonatal
hepatitis B vaccination on ASD risk among boys age 3–17 years with shot records,
adjusted for race, maternal education, and two-parent household. RESULTS: Boys who
received the hepatitis B vaccine during the first month of life had 2.94 greater odds for
ASD (Nz31 of 7,486; OR Z 2.94; p Z 0.03; 95% CI Z 1.10, 7.90) compared to later- or
unvaccinated boys. Non-Hispanic white boys were 61% less likely to have ASD
(ORZ0.39; pZ0.04; 95% CIZ0.16, 0.94) relative to non-white boys.CONCLUSION:
Findings suggest that U.S. male neonates vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine had
a 3-fold greater risk of ASD; risk was greatest for non-white boys.
Enhanced toxicity for mice of pertussis vaccines when
preserved with Merthiolate (aka thimerosal).
Nelson, E.A. Gottshall, R.Y. Appl Microbiol. 1967 May;15(3):590-3.
Pertussis vaccines preserved with 0.01% Merthiolate
(thimerosal) are more toxic for mice than
unpreserved vaccines prepared from the same parent
concentrate and containing the same number of
organisms. The toxicities of both Merthiolate (0.01%)preserved and unpreserved vaccines increased when
the number of organisms injected was increased. An
increase in mortality was observed when Merthiolate
(thimerosal) was injected separately, before or after
an unpreserved saline suspension of pertussis
vaccine.
THE END
•I AM NOT ANTI-VACCINE. I AM VERY PRO-VACCINES
THAT ARE PROVEN TO WORK ON HUMANS.
•I AM AGAINST MANDATING VACCINES THAT HAVE
NOT BEEN SHOWN TO BE SAFE AND EFFICACIOUS.
•I AM AGAINST THE USE OF VACCINES THAT HAVE
BEEN STUDIED AND SHOWN NOT TO BE EFFECTIVE.
•YOU CANNOT HAVE A SINGLE AGENCY BE IN CHARGE
OF BOTH COMPLIANCE AND SAFETY AND HAVE A
QUALITY VACCINE PROGRAM.
•I FEEL A CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE SHOULD BE
FORMED TO INVESTIGATE CDC-VACCINE INDUSTRY
RELATIONSHIPS.
Measles (England & Wales)
shows that in England and Wales the annual death rate of children (under age 15) from
measles declined from over 1,100 per million in the mid-nineteenth century, to a level of
virtually 0, by the mid 1960's. UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION Medical Miracle or Masterful Mirage By Dr. Raymond Obomsawin
Measles vaccine 1968
The Questionable Contribution of Medical Measures to the Decline of Mortality
in the United States in the Twentieth Century John B. McKinlay; Sonja M.
McKinlay, The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly. Health and Society, Vol. 55, No. 3.
(Summer, 1977), pp.405-428.
The Questionable Contribution of Medical Measures to the Decline of
Mortality in the United States in the Twentieth Century John B. McKinlay;
Sonja M. McKinlay, The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly. Health and Society, Vol.
55, No. 3. (Summer, 1977), pp.405-428.
DECLINE IN DEATH RATES FROM INFECTIOUS DISEASE---AUSTRALIA
taken from Greg Beattie's excellent book "Vaccination A Parent's Dilemma"
DATA FROM THE USA Data & graphs supplied by Roman Bystrianyk
Hepatitis B vaccine and the risk of CNS inflammatory demyelination in
childhood
Yann Mikaeloff, MD, PhD, Guillaume Caridade, MSc, Samy Suissa, PhD and Marc Tardieu, MD, PhD
NEUROLOGY 2009;72:873-880.
Background: The risk of CNS inflammatory demyelination associated with hepatitis B (HB)
vaccine is debated, with studies reporting conflicting findings.
Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study where the cases were children with
a first episode of acute CNS inflammatory demyelination in France (1994–2003). Each case was
matched on age, sex, and geographic location to up to 12 controls, randomly selected from the
general population. Information on vaccinations was confirmed by a copy of the vaccination
certificate. The odds ratios (ORs) of CNS inflammatory demyelination associated with HB
vaccination were estimated using conditional logistic regression.
Results: The rates of HB vaccination in the 3 years before the index date were 24.4% for the 349
cases and 27.3% for their 2,941 matched controls. HB vaccination within this period was not
associated with an increase in the rate of CNS inflammatory demyelination (adjusted OR, 0.74;
0.54–1.02), neither >3 years nor as a function of the number of injections or brand type. When the
analysis was restricted to subjects compliant with vaccination, HB vaccine exposure >3 years
before index date was associated with an increased trend (1.50; 0.93–2.43), essentially from the
Engerix B vaccine (1.74; 1.03–2.95). The OR was particularly elevated for this brand in patients with
confirmed multiple sclerosis (2.77; 1.23–6.24).
Conclusions: Hepatitis B vaccination does not generally increase the risk of CNS inflammatory
demyelination in childhood. However, the Engerix B vaccine appears to increase this risk,
particularly for confirmed multiple sclerosis, in the longer term. Our results require confirmation in
future studies.
ADEM = acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; BCG = Bacille Calmette–Guèrin; HB = hepatitis B;
MS = multiple sclerosis; OR = odds ratio.