The School District of Palm Beach County
Project Name:
SDPBC Project No.:
SECTION 32 12 16
ASHPHALT PAVING
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 SECTION INCLUDES
A. The intent of this specification section is to provide requirements for materials, equipment, and
methods for constructing new pavements.
B. Paving work includes
1. Preparation and compaction of soil sub-grade to proper elevations below the lime rock or
recycled crushed concrete base.
2. Preparation and compaction of lime rock or recycled crushed concrete base, application of
prime coat, and construction of asphaltic concrete surface course.
3. New asphalt paving and patching work where indicated, is also included.
C. Additional compensation for adjustment of quantities due to extra thickness of base construction
and/or extra asphaltic concrete will not be made.
D. Contractor shall coordinate scheduling of construction of planters, landscape areas, paving,
irrigation systems, lighting systems and other work.
1.2 SUBGRADE DEFINITION
A. That portion of roadbed immediately below limerock base course and parallel thereto (including
below curbs, gutters, driveways and planters within general parking lot perimeter) compacted to
required density to support the paving above.
B. Subgrade shall extend to a depth of 12" below bottom of limerock base and outward to line 12"
beyond perimeter of base, pavement, or curbs.
1. Limits shown on plans govern, if different from above requirements.
C. Contractor may construct subgrade deeper for his own convenience and/or equipment needs with
prior approval of Engineer and no additional cost to owner.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit copies of permits from municipalities having jurisdiction to the Owner’s representative.
1.4 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS
A. AASHTO – T180 – Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using 10-lb.
Rammer and 18" Drop
B. ASTM C131 - Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse
Aggregate by Abrasion & Impact in Los Angles Machine
C. ASTM – D422 - Standard Test Method for Particle Size Analysis of Soils
D. ASTM D2419 - Standard Test Method for Sand Equivalent Valve of Soils & Fine Aggregate
E. ASTM – D6938 – Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and SoilAggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)
F. FDOT Std. Spec-Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction
1.5 TESTING OF COMPACTION
A. Owner will select and retain a state licensed testing laboratory, and pay all testing cost.
Architect’s Project Number
32 12 16 - 1 of 7
Asphalt Paving
District Master Specs 2013 Edition
The School District of Palm Beach County
Project Name:
SDPBC Project No.:
1. Contractor shall reimburse Owner for all re-testing cost due to failed tests.
Contractor is responsible for notifying the testing laboratory twenty-four hours in advance when
material and/or work is ready for testing.
1. Work of testing laboratory will consist of, but not be limited to, the following:
C. Laboratory maximum density determination, AASHTO T180 Method D – one representative test
from each 1000 cubic yards of subgrade fill and 2000 cubic yards of limerock base from both site
and borrow pits.
1. Test material from each source separately.
2. If composition from any source changes, a new test is required.
D. In-place field density tests, ASTM D6938.
1. At least one test per layer for each 2500 square feet or fraction thereof.
2. Make test near top of each layer prior to placing subsequent layer.
E. Test reports shall be transmitted directly from laboratory as follows:
1. One copy to Owner's Representative
2. Two copies to A/E
3. Copies as requested to Contractor.
F. Identify test reports by project title, A/E Project Number, project location, location, and depth of
each on-site test submitted.
B.
1.6 TESTING OF BITUMINOUS CONCRETE MATERIAL
A. Contractor shall retain a reputable independent testing laboratory to ensure that asphaltic concrete
mix meets specifications.
1. Contractor shall supply samples of mix materials to testing laboratory for analysis and testing.
2. No plant operations shall begin until testing laboratory certifies, in writing, that mix proposed
meets specifications and the A/E receives the certification.
B. During delivery and placement of asphaltic concrete, the testing laboratory shall take samples and
test them for compliance with the certified mix.
1. The mix shall be uniform throughout the project.
2. The testing laboratory shall test at least one (1) sample from each 50 tons of material or
fraction thereof in any one day.
1.7 LEED COMPLIANCE
A. The District has determined that projects shall be constructed complying with Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) requirements as promulgated in the document titled:
LEED Reference Guide for Green Building Design and Construction, For the Design,
Construction and Major Renovations of Commercial and Institutional Buildings, Including Core
& Shell and K-12 School Projects, 2009 Edition.
B. The District goal is LEED Silver Certification for all major projects. Certification is not
required for small projects consisting only of minor paving work.
C. Investigate the potential LEED compliance areas as listed below for construction in accordance
with this specification.
1.
2.
3.
4.
SS Prerequisite 1 – Construction Activity Pollution Prevention
MR Credit 2 – Construction Waste Management
MR Credit 3 – Materials Reuse
MR Credit 5 – Regional Materials
PART 2 PRODUCTS
Architect’s Project Number
32 12 16 - 2 of 7
Asphalt Paving
District Master Specs 2013 Edition
The School District of Palm Beach County
Project Name:
SDPBC Project No.:
2.1 MATERIALS
A. Base course shall be limerock meeting FDOT Std. Spec, free from subgrade sand.
1. Owner will consider alternate base materials meeting the performance of the limerock base
material.
2. Also, refer to paragraph 2.3, below.
B. Prime coat shall be Bituminous, RC-70 or RC-250
C. Use two layers of asphalt concrete placed in two layers, ¾" (bottom) Type S-3, and ¾" (top) Type
S-3 (parking lot mix) on an 8" base and 12" stabilized subgrade.
D. Subgrade fill shall be material acceptable for fill and backfill as defined in Section 31 20 00,
Earthwork.
2.2 COMPOSITION
A. All materials, compositions, job-mix formulas, plant methods, and equipment shall conform to
FDOT, Std. Spec.
2.3 RECYCLED CRUSHED CONCRETE
A. Contractor must obtain permission from Owner or Architect prior to use of recycled crushed
concrete. Contractor shall submit a schedule for use of this material that provides:
1. Proposed location(s)
2. The intended use within each location
B. Typical use of recycled crushed concrete is as general backfill to fill depressions produced during
demolition or within low areas.
C. May stockpile recycled crushed concrete may on site for future use.
1. Possible uses for stockpiled material are backfill below footing over excavation zones, as
general fill, for pipe bedding or backfill, and within aggregate base course for pavement
construction.
D. Obtain all recycled crushed concrete from a stockpiled source of demolished concrete material.
1. Possible sources for recycled concrete material include materials obtained from demolition of
concrete pavement, sidewalks, foundations, building floor slabs, concrete walls, and similar
structures.
2. Do not mix asphalt and/or concrete with reinforcing steel in the recycled concrete stockpile.
3. Do not mix brick, block, concrete unit masonry and other masonry products in the recycled
concrete stockpile.
4. Recycled materials shall be free of wood, bark, and other construction debris or extraneous
materials.
E. Crush and screen recycled crushed concrete to meet the criteria listed below.
1. The Engineer or Owner reserves the right to order testing to ensure compliance with the listed
standards without additional cost.
2. L.A. Abrasion Testing for determination of aggregate durability per ASTM C 131 – 35%
maximum at 500 revolutions
3. Sand Equivalent Testing per ASTM C 2419 – 30 minimum
4. Sieve analysis for acceptance of aggregate gradation per ASTM D 422 – 100% passing 1-1/2
inch square; 40 to 75% passing ¾ inch square, 25 to 50% passing ¼ inch square; 5 to 20%
passing a number 40 sieve; and 10% maximum passing a number 200 sieve.
F. Do not use recycled crushed concrete as aggregate in new concrete Work.
Architect’s Project Number
32 12 16 - 3 of 7
Asphalt Paving
District Master Specs 2013 Edition
The School District of Palm Beach County
Project Name:
SDPBC Project No.:
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 USE OF RECYCLED CRUSHED CONCRETE
A. May use recycled crushed concrete alone or in combination with other materials to construct fill,
embankment, subgrade, pipe bedding or backfill, and road base.
B. Use of this material may occur as directed by the Contractor (after Owner / Architect permission)
and any mixing of recycled material with other materials shall occur away from the recycled
material stockpile.
C. All Work constructed using recycled materials shall meet applicable performance specifications;
there is no allowance or relaxing of standards for use of recycled materials.
3.2 PREPARATION OF SUBGRADE
A. Work shall consist of bringing subgrade to a surface conforming to the grades, lines and cross
sections to receive limerock base, and compacted to specified density.
1. Remove and replace all soft and yielding material and portions of subgrade that will not
compact, with acceptable material.
2. Plow and mix entire subgrade, both cuts and fills, to a depth at least 12" below bottom of base
course.
3. Remove all submerged stumps, roots or other perishable matter encountered in preparation of
subgrade to depth of at least 2' below bottom of subgrade.
B. Contractor shall verify subgrade surface with elevation stakes and make any necessary corrections.
C. Shape and maintain subgrade free of ruts, depressions, and damage from hauling or handling of any
materials or equipment.
3.3 LIMEROCK BASE CONSTRUCTION
A. The plans indicate the limits of paving and landscaping areas.
1. In areas where the plans do not specify concrete curbs, the Contractor shall take all necessary
precautions and do all work necessary, by hand or machine, to terminate limerock base
material at juncture of pavement and landscape areas.
B. Transport limerock to installation area, over rock previously placed, and dumped on end of
preceding spread.
1. Do not haul over subgrade or dump on subgrade.
2. Remove and replace all segregated areas of fine or coarse rock with properly graded rock.
C. Use spreaders capable of producing an even distribution of rock for spreading of limerock base.
1. Blade graders shall weigh not less than three tons and shall have wheelbase not less than 15'
and blade length not less than equipment wheelbase.
2. Use smaller equipment only in restricted areas.
D. After completely spreading limestone base, scarify and shape the entire surface to the required
grade and cross section after compaction.
E. Use of edge forms shall be the option of the Contractor. It shall be required that limerock base
meet straight edge and thickness requirements for full dimensions as shown on plans.
1. Tops shall be set to grade using an engineering level.
2. Forms shall be of sufficient thickness and alignment.
F. Contractor shall demonstrate base thickness to Owner or A/E at intervals not exceeding 150'.
1. Make measurement through holes not less than 3" in diameter.
G. Contractor shall string line the sub base prior to installation of the lime rock, and have the string
line verified by the Building Department
Architect’s Project Number
32 12 16 - 4 of 7
Asphalt Paving
District Master Specs 2013 Edition
The School District of Palm Beach County
Project Name:
SDPBC Project No.:
3.4 LIMEROCK BASE COMPACTION
A. Moisture Content: When materials do not have proper moisture content to ensure required density,
wetting or drying shall be required.
1. When adding water, disk it in by uniformly mixing- to full depth of course being compacted.
2. Wetting or drying operations shall involve manipulation, as a unit, of entire width and depth
of course being compacted.
B. Density Requirements: Once the proper moisture condition obtained, compact the material to a
density of not less than 98% of maximum density as determined by AASHTO T180.
3.3 LIMEROCK BASE SURFACE
A. Cracks and Checks: The Contractor shall remove all cracks or checks appearing in base, either
before or after priming, which, in the A/E's pinion may impair the structural efficiency of base, by
re-scarifying, re-shaping, adding base material where necessary, re-compacting, and re-priming.
B. Glazed Finish: Using a blade grader, hard plane bases with a glazed or cemented surface sufficient
to allow proper penetration of prime coat, broom, immediately prior to application of prime coat.
1. Hard plane in such a manner that only removes the glazed or cemented surface, leaving a
granular or porous condition that allows free penetration of prime material.
2. Remove the material planed from base area.
C. Testing Surface: Check the finished surface of base course with a 10' straightedge laid parallel to
direction of straight slopes.
1. Correct any irregularities greater than ¼" by scarifying and removing or adding rock as
required, and then re-compact the entire area as specified.
2. In testing surface, do not take measurements in small holes caused by individual pieces of
rock having pulled out by grader.
3.4 APPLICATION OF PRIME COAT
A. Clean surface being primed and keep moisture content of base below 90% of optimum moisture.
1. Temperature of prime material shall be between 100° and 150°F.
2. Actual temperature shall be that which will ensure uniform distribution.
3. Apply material by means of a pressure distributor.
4. Amount to be applied will depend on the character of the surface and shall be sufficient to coat
surface thoroughly and uniformly, with no excess.
B. Rate of application shall be not less than 0.10 gallon per square yard.
C. Sprinkling: If required by A/E, base shall be lightly sprinkled with water and rolled with traffic
roller, in advance of application of prime
D. Sanding
1. If using emulsified asphalt for prime coat, uniformly cover the prime base with an application
of sand bituminous hot mix or screenings, as specified in 2.1.B at approximately rate of ten
pounds per square yard.
2. Roll the entire surface of sand-bituminous hot mix or screenings cover material with traffic
roller as required to produce reasonable dense mat.
3. If using a material other than emulsified asphalt for prime coat, cover the prime base by light
uniform application of cover material as specified in 2.1.B.
4. If necessary for proper distribution of spread, lightly drag cover material with drag broom, and
roll with traffic roller, for at least two passes over entire area.
Architect’s Project Number
32 12 16 - 5 of 7
Asphalt Paving
District Master Specs 2013 Edition
The School District of Palm Beach County
Project Name:
SDPBC Project No.:
3.5 APPLICATION OF TACK COAT
A. In general, tack coat is not required on primed bases except in areas that are excessively dirty and
not cleanable, or in areas where prime has cured to extent that it has lost bonding effect between
layers of bituminous concrete.
B. Method of Application: Apply tack coat with pressure distributor, except that on a small area,
application may be by other mechanical devices or by hand methods.
1. Heat bituminous material to suitable temperature and apply in thin, uniform layer.
C. Rate of Application: Rate of application shall be between 0.02 and 0.08 gallon per square yard.
D. Curing and Time Application: Tack coat shall be applied sufficiently in advance of laying
bituminous mix to permit drying but shall not be applied so far in advance that it might lose its
adhesiveness as a result of being covered with dust or other foreign material.
E. Protection: Keep the tack coat surface free from traffic until subsequent layer of bituminous hot
mix is applied.
3.6 ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
A. Cleaning: Prior to laying of mixture, surface of base shall be cleaned of all loose and deleterious
material by use of power brooms or blowers, supplemented by hand brooming where necessary.
B. Temperature of mixture at time of spreading shall be between 270° and 350°F.
C. Rain and Surface Conditions:
1. Contractor may lay any mixture caught in transit by sudden rain only at his own risk.
2. Should such mixture prove unsatisfactory, the Contractor shall remove and replace it with
satisfactory mixture at his expense.
3. In no case shall mixture be laid while rain is falling or when there is water on surface.
D. Check depth of each layer at frequent intervals not exceeding 25'.
1. Correct any deviation from required thickness in excess of allowable tolerance immediately.
E. Hand Spreading: May spread and finish material by hand in areas where use of a spreader is
impossible or impractical.
F. Perform Straight Edging and Back Patching after initial compaction and while material is still hot.
G. Correcting Defects:
1. Check the surface before the start of any rolling; correct any irregularities, then remove and
replace any material with all drippings, fat sandy accumulations from screed, and fat spots
from any source with satisfactory material.
2. Do not do any skin patching.
3. When correcting a depression while mixture is hot, surface shall be well scarified before
addition of fresh mixture.
H. Asphaltic Concrete: Placing, compacting and finishing shall comply with Type S-3 FDOT, Std.
Spec.
1. Thickness noted on drawings refers to in-place compacted material.
3.7 PAVING CLEAN-UP
A. Remove excess asphalt, sand, rock and other debris from site after completion of pavement
construction.
B. Carefully cut and trim pavement and limerock base at junction with planters and landscape areas.
C. Remove asphalt and limerock from such areas.
3.8 PROTECTION OF NEW PAVEMENT
Architect’s Project Number
32 12 16 - 6 of 7
Asphalt Paving
District Master Specs 2013 Edition
The School District of Palm Beach County
Project Name:
SDPBC Project No.:
A. Provide necessary barriers to seal off all wheeled traffic for period of at least 48 hours.
B. Repair damage to pavement from any cause, prior to final acceptance of project to Owner's
satisfaction.
3.9 TRENCHING IN EXISTING ASPHALT PAVEMENT
A. Use power saw in cutting of existing pavement.
B. Width of asphalt pavement removed shall be at least 12" on each side of trench excavation.
3.10 COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS
A. Limerock Base Course shall be 98% maximum density at optimum moisture.
B. Subgrade, upper 12" shall be 95% maximum density at optimum moisture.
C. Subgrade, below 12" shall be 90% maximum density at optimum moisture.
END OF SECTION
Architect’s Project Number
32 12 16 - 7 of 7
Asphalt Paving
District Master Specs 2013 Edition