The Skeleton
• Comes from the Greek word meaning
“dried-up body” or “mummy”
• Accounts for about 20% of body
weight
• Made up of bones,
cartilages &
ligaments
Horse skeleton
found along
Stewart’s Pocket
Loop, Payson, AZ
9-2014
2 Skeletal Systems for
the Price of One!
• There are 206 bones in human body divided
into 2 systems
• Axial skeletal system
• Skull (cranium), vertebral column, rib cage
(bony thorax)
• Appendicular skeletal system
• Comprises rest of the bones
The Axial
Skeleton
• Have out the “Skeletal Skeleton”
handout & 3 different colored
pencils
• Name (identify) & color-code the
3 sets of bones (80 total bones)
that make up the Axial Skeletal
System
Cranium/Skull
Vertebral column
Rib cage/Bony thorax
 Ossicles – inner ear (6)
 Hyoid bone (1)
Per. 3 start, Fri
Bones of the Human Skeleton
Axial Skeleton – 80 bones
• Skull/Cranium
• Cranial bones – 8:
•
Frontal (1), parietal (2), occipital (1), temporal (2),
ethmoid (1), sphenoid (1)
• Facial Bones – 14:
• Maxillary (2), mandible (1), inferior nasal conchae (2),
lacrimal (2), nasal (2), palatine (2), vomer (1), zygomatic
(2)
• Vertebra – 26:
• Cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacrum
(1), coccyx (fusion of 3)
• Ribs & Sternum (bony thorax) – 25:
Ribs (24 – 1 pair/thoracic vertebra), sternum
(1)
• Ossicles (inner ear bones) – 6:
• Incus – 2, Malleus -2, Stapes - 2
• Hyoid bone (attachment for tongue) - 1
Week #10 (9/22-9/26)
Warm Up – Tues, 9/23:
Anatomy Fun Fact:
Enamel is hardest substance in the human
body. What mineral
do you think is found
in tooth enamel?
Have out:
Human Skull diagram
Axial Skeletal Sys.
notes
Homework:
1.
2.
Agenda:
1. Finish Axial Skeleton notes – Skull
2. Human Skull identification activity
3.
Skull Quiz – Wed,
9/24 & Thurs,
9/25
Axial Index Card
check - Wed,
9/24 & Thurs,
9/25
Axial Practical
Exam – Tues,
10/21 (MOVED
due to Guest
Speaker)
Bones of the Human Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton –
bones
126
• Girdles:
• Pectoral: clavicle (2) & scapula (2)
• Pelvic: ossa coxae/coxal bone (2),
consisting of ilium, pubis & ischium
• Arm – 30 bones (per arm):
• Humerus, radius & ulna, carpals (8),
metacarpals (5), phalanges (14)
• Leg – 30 bones (per leg):
• Femur, tibia & fibula, patella, tarsals
(7), metatarsals (5) & phalanges (14)
Human Skull animation
The Skull
(Cranium)
• Formed by 22 bones divided
into 2 sets:
• Cranial bones
• Facial bones
• The skull can be
divided into 2 regions:
• Vault (skullcap)
• Base
The Skull
(Cranium)
• Cranial Bones bones
•
•
•
•
•
•
2 Parietal
2 Temporal
Frontal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
8
The Skull
(Cranium)
• Facial Bones - 14 bones
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Maxillary (2)
Inferior nasal conchae (2)
Lacrimal (2)
Nasal (2)
Palatine (2)
Zygomatic (2)
Mandible & vomer are unpaired
• Males: more elongated than
females
• Females: rounder & less angular
• Mandible (jaw): largest & strongest
bone of the face
The Skull
(Cranium)
• All bones of adult skull are firmly
connected by interlocking joints
called sutures
• Coronal
• Connects frontal & parietal bones
• Squamous
• Connects parietal &
temporal
bones
• Sagittal
• Connects 2 parietal bones
• Lambdoid
• Connects occipital &
parietal bones