SHORING
Definition
• Means of providing temporary support to
structures:
• that are in an unsafe condition until such time as
they have been made stable, or
• which might become unstable, or
• which might become unstable by reason of work
carried out on or near them (e.g. underpinning of
the structure’s foundations)
Classification of Damages to
Existing Buildings
•
•
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• Table 1.3
Shoring Materials
• Timber - most commonly used material for
shoring members and the system due to its
construction (and dismantling) speed and
cheap labour cost
• Steel - stanchions and needles for dead
shoring
Types of Shoring System
• Raking Shores
• Horizontal or Flying Shores
• Dead or Vertical Shores
Raking shores (Fig F-1)
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Raking shores
• consist of inclined timber called rakers placed
with one end resting on the face of a defective or
a potentially defective wall, the other upon the
ground.
• Practical angles vary between 60 and 75. For
tall buildings, the shores are fixed in systems of 2
or more timbers placed in the same vertical plane
but inclined at different angles and supporting the
building at varying levels (see the figure below).
• The purpose of a raking shore is to prevent the
overturning of a wall.
Flying shores
(Fig. F-2)
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Flying shores
• consist of a horizontal timber set between two vertical
walls to be supported, the ends resting against wall pieces
fixed on the walls. It is stiffened by inclined struts above
and below at each end.
• The flying shores are used to provide temporary support
to two parallel walls, where one or both shows signs of
instability, or where previous supports (the floors) have
been removed.
• 9m between the walls is considered to the max. Length of
a flying shore .
• The connection between a waling and diagonals strut
member is shown in the figure.
Vertical shores
.
(Fig F-3)
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Vertical shores
• the shores placed vertically.
• They are used for temporarily supporting
the upper parts of walls, while the lower
parts of which are required to be removed
• either in the process of underpinning or
reinstatement during the repair, or for the
purpose of making large openings in the
wall.
Vertical shores
• Where a dead shore under the wall is not
convenient, a pair of dead shores
supporting a horizontal beam will be used.
• The whole of the floors, the roof are
supported by a system of strutting to
relieve the wall of all weight normally
taken by it.
This strutting will be
supported by a sole piece e.g. bedded
continuously in mortar, on the solid ground
below the lowest floor.