greeting and names
 你好！Nĭ
hǎo
 您好！Nín
Hello
hǎo
 How do you do? (honorific form)
words revision from lesson 1
你 nǐ
不 bú ，bù
您 nín
谢 xiè
我 wǒ
客气 kè qi
好 hǎo
再见 zài jiàn
很 hěn
吗 ma
bù kè qì (bu: 4th  2nd; qi)
 不用谢 bù yòng xiè (bu: 4th  2nd ;用
:need)
 再见 zài jiàn
 再会 zài huì (traditional; formal occasions)
 不客气
revision-phrases




nǐ hǎo
nín hǎo
nǐmen hǎo
nǐ hǎo ma?
 wǒ hěn hǎo



xiè xie
bú xiè
zài jiàn
你好!
Hello!
您好！ How do you do!
你们好! Hello to all
你好吗？ How are you?
我很好。 I am very well.
谢谢! Thank you!
不谢。 You are welcome/Not at all.
再见! Goodbye!
revision-Names

nǐ
jiào shén me ?
What’s your name?
你 叫 什 么 ？
 wǒ
jiào*** .
我 叫*** 。
My name is ***.
revision-greetings
不客气。 Not at all.
Bú kè qi
 回头见 see you later
huí tóu jiàn
 晚上见 see you in the evening wăn shang
jiàn
 明天见 see you tomorrow míng tiān jiàn

老师
teacher
lăo shī
忙
busy
máng
 不忙
not busy
bù máng
 忙不忙 are you busy? máng bù máng

An interesting greeting expression
 吃了吗？chī
le ma
 吃：verb, “to eat”
 了：particle expressing perfect tense
 吗：interrogative particle, as in 你好吗
 Food culture, eg saying:
 民以食为天 mín yǐ shí wéi tiān
 people regard food be heaven/God
 “food is the first necessity of people”
zǎo shang
More greetings!
早上好！good morning!

zhōng wǔ

中午好！good noon
xià wǔ

下午好！ good afternoon!
wǎn shang

晚上好！ goodevening!
wǎn ān

晚安！
Good night!
new words 生 词
tā
 她 tā
 姓 xìng
 叫 jiào
 对 duì
 小 xiǎo
 名字 míngzi
也
yě
 什么 shénme
 呢 ne
他
Ask each other’s name

Question word 什么 shénme what
Nĭ jiào shénme míngzi? 你叫什么名字？
 A:

 B:

Wǒ jiào__.
我叫__.

ne 你呢?
what about you?
 Nĭ
Ask each other’s name

Tā

A: Tā jiào shénme? 他/她叫什么？
What’s his/her name?
B: Tā jiào 他/她叫__.
He/she’s called__. his/her name is __.

he/she him/her
Tā xìng shénme?
Tā xìng ___.
Cultural-Chinese names
中国人（zhōng guó rén）的名字：
姓family name+名given name
成 龙 (Chéng lóng) Jackie Chan
李 小龙 (Lǐ Xiǎolóng) Bruce Lee
张 艺谋 (Zhāng Yìmóu)
巩 俐 (Gǒng Lì)
章 子怡 (Zhāng Zǐyí)
姚 明 (Yáo Míng)
Tā-his or her names
 Tā
jiào Kǎitè ma?
 Duì, Tā jiào Kǎitè.
Tā-his or her names
 Tā

jiào Bèikèhànmŭ ma?
Tā ne? Hālĭ bōtè
谢谢！再见！
session 2 of 3
 Introduction
of Chinese Pinyin and tones
Chinese as a language-Mandarin
 Spoken

in
People's Republic of China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia
 Region

Most of northern and southwestern China, Taiwan and Singapore (and other
overseas Chinese communities)
 Total

speakers
885 million (first language speakers) [1]
Total Speakers: 1,365,053,177[1]
 Ranking

1 (native speakers)
Chinese Language
—Mandarin/ Putonghua
the official Chinese language
—Dialects
Cantonese, Beijing speech, Shanghai speech, etc.
many different dialects
Chinese writing and
pronunciation
“Pinyin”
nǐ
hǎo↗
你 好↘
“Chinese characters”
Pīnyīn拼音
1.a romanised alphabetical system to indicate the
pronunciation of Chinese characters.
2.used to spell Chinese names in foreign
publications.
3.used as an input method to enter Chinese
characters into computers.
ie. 你好(hello)—nǐhǎo
Chinese and Pinyin



Pinyin
The phonetic system used to indicate the
pronunciations and tones of Chinese characters
A Chinese character has one Pinyin consisting of 3
parts:
 an initial
 a final
 a tone
Six simple finals






ɑ
o
e
i
u
ü as in German ü
Initials

b, p, m: formed through obstruction
of air by upper and lower lips

f: obstruction of air by upper teeth
and lower lip
d、t、n、l

d, t, n, l: tip of tongue touching the
gum of the upper teeth
g、 k、 h

g, k, h: back of tongue raised slightly
and touching soft palate
Distinguish between j, q
j is similar to j as in jeep
 q is similar to ch as in cheese
your tongue should be below your bottom front
teeth when pronouncing them.
For example jī (chicken), qī (seven), jiějie (elder
sister)
Remember to smile when you pronounce j and q!

z、c、s
z、c、s: tip of tongue touching the back of
the upper teeth
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U72hN_
g9pss&feature=related

c: similar to ts as in cats, but it is strongly
aspirated. (Have a bigger smile than z!)
 z: similar to ds as in birds

Tones音调

Four tones
1st － high flat level
2nd ／ rise, from medium to
high
3rd ∨ low medium→fall to
the bottom→rise to high
4th ﹨ high to bottom,fall
sharply
neutral tone (don’t have tone mark)
low flat with no stress
qī 七 - seven
qí 骑 - ride
qǐ 起 - rise
qì 气 - air
qi
Four tones and Neutral tone
Four Tones

mā má mǎ mà

yī
yí
yǐ
yì
Tongue twister
sì shì sì
shí shì shí
四是四，十是十，
shí sì shì shí sì
sì shí shì sì shí
十四是十四，四十是四十，
shí sì bú shì sì shí
sì shí bú shì shí sì
十四不是四十,四十不是十四。
sì vs shì ; shí vs shì ; sì vs shí
Glossary:
是(shì): to be
am/is/are (copula)
Pinyin practice – Countries
 Matching
Task
 Yuēkè
 Yīnggélán
 Sūgélán
 Jiānádà
 Yìdàlì
 Fǎguó
Scotland
England
Italy
York
Canada
France
Neutral Tones
 Māma
 Xièxie
 Jiějie
 Xiānsheng
Tone marks on which letter?


on the main vowel
if more than one vowel:
a→o→e: guāi, cuò, qiě
if none of the above, then on ‘i’ in
‘ui’, and on ‘u’ in ‘iu’, whichever
comes last
Spelling rule – ǖ

Initials j, q, x with ǖ
drop the umlaut: ju, qu, xu

No initials before ǖ
add a y and drop the umlaut (the two dots):
yu, yuan, yue, yun
Tones practice
 Tone






mark on which letter?
1. ba
2. Wang
3. tou
4. gui
5. xiang
6. shi
Pīn yīn 拼音
 Initials
b p m f
d t n l
g k h
j q x
z c s
zh ch sh r
Chinese phonetics
 Single
a
o
e
i
u
ü
ā
ō
ē
ī
ū
ǖ
á
ó
é
í
ú
ǘ
finals
ǎ à
ǒ ò
ě è
ǐ ì
ǔ ù
ǚ ǜ
Pīn yīn -Compound finals
a
o
e
ai
ei
ao
ou
i
ia
u
ua
uo
ie
an
üe
uai
uei(ui)
iao
iou(iu)
ü
en
ang
eng
ong
er
i
ian
u
uan
ü
üan
in
uen(un) ün
iang uang
ing ueng
iong
culture-Chinese Greetings
zuō yī：make a bow with hands folded
in front
 Traditional way to greet, show respect or
express gratitude
 Outdated
 作揖
Chinese Greetings
jū gōng，Bowing /ˈbaʊ/, to lower the
head or upper body as a social gesture
 In modern China, bowing is normally
reserved for occasions such as wedding
ceremonies and also as a gesture of respect
for the deceased, although it is still
sometimes used for more formal greetings,
both when meeting and departing.
 鞠躬
Chinese Greetings
Kowtow, which is borrowed from 叩头kòu tóu
in Mandarin Chinese, is the act of deep
respect shown by kneeling and bowing so
low as to have one's head touching the
ground.
 An alternative Chinese term is 磕头kē tóu,
however the meaning is somewhat altered:
kòu has the general meaning of 'knock',
whereas kē has the general meaning of
"touch upon (a surface)", tóu means head.
 The kowtow was traditionally the highest sign
of reverence in Chinese culture, but its use
has been extremely rare since the collapse of
Imperial China.

 Typical
Thai greeting, which consists of a
slight bow, with the palms pressed
together in a prayer-like fashion.
 In China, not greeting, only when pray to
buddha
Useful Links

BBC Languages- Chinese:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/chinese