System Development Proposal SIGMA PHI EPSILON RECRUITMENT SYSTEM SCOTT BLOCK DAE KIM AARON SCHACHT NAVEED SIDDIQUI Executive Summary Sigma Phi Epsilon (SigEp) is a fraternity founded in 1901, and the chapter at the University of Maryland was most recently re-established in 2003. It has grown its membership over the years, currently standing at 98 members, making it the largest fraternity at Maryland. As such, the organization attracts hundreds of potential new members every semester for its recruitment week. The current system of monitoring recruits is a Google spreadsheet that is available for read/write access to the recruitment committee, which is composed of nine fraternity members. Recruits are categorized in different colors: green for target recruits, blue for recruits approved for membership, and red for recruits who have signed. In unstructured interviews with the vice president of recruitment, our team identified areas for improvement in accountability of committee members. We were told that in many cases if a committee member commits to a particular recruit as his target recruit, there is not a clear way to note that and keep the committee member accountable. Our objective with SigEp was to create a transparent recruiting system that can get both members and potential members more actively engaged in the recruiting process. The new system would be web-based, so it would be more accessible to potential recruits and active members. Instead of initial registration being limited to recruitment events and on paper, it could be done at an applicant’s convenience online. This would eliminate the need for a committee member to upload the applicant information to the Google spreadsheet, as is the case with the current system. To address the accountability issue, the new system would allow committee members or the vice president to clearly assign target recruits to a specific committee member. Our team looked into external solutions for the new system, and while there are companies that offer solutions for communications, financial and Greek website systems, a recruitment system that our team was looking to implement is not readily available. That is why we decided on a custom solution, as is reflected in our candidate systems matrix. Ultimately, our team and the client decided that the custom solution made using Visual Studio was the best option for both parties. The project team all has experience with Visual Studio, and we feel that it offers a simple, user-friendly interface that will be easy to manage after implementation. Implementing the new system by the spring 2014 recruiting season was a goal identified by our team, and we fully expect to accomplish it. Since specific or private information about applicants is not carried over from semester to semester, the technical transition from the old system to the new system should be smooth. We plan on holding a training session for the entire fraternity at the beginning of the spring 2014 semester to introduce them to the new system. In this report, we discuss in detail the current situation with SigEp’s recruitment system, opportunities for improvement, potential solutions and our implementation strategy. Phase One: The Survey Phase Client Background Sigma Phi Epsilon (SigEp) is a fraternity founded in 1901, and the chapter at the University of Maryland was most recently re-established in 2003. It has grown its membership over the years, currently standing at 98 members, making it the largest fraternity at Maryland. As such, the organization attracts hundreds of potential new members every semester for its recruitment week. While the majority of recruitment takes place during one week, known as “rush week”, the process is continuous. The entire membership is implored to recruit yearround and suggest potential members to the recruitment committee. The committee is comprised of nine members, including the vice president of recruitment. The committee has the ultimate decision of approving and extending bids to recruits to join SigEp. The current system of monitoring recruits is a Google spreadsheet that is available for read/write access to the recruitment committee. Recruits are categorized in different colors: green for target recruits, blue for recruits approved for membership, and red for recruits who have signed. Problems With Current System As we mentioned previously, the current system is only available for individuals who are a part of the recruitment committee. This presents a number of problems to the brothers and to the committee members. First, there could be potential biases amongst the brothers who are on the committee. If the committee brothers do not like a certain candidate, but the majority of the fraternity does, the candidate might not be accepted. This would not be fair to the entire fraternity, and having a universally accessible database would alleviate this problem. Another problem with the current format is that it does not allow non-committee members to submit names of potential recruits on their own. If a non-committee member wants to submit a name they would have to find a committee member and tell them to put a specific person on the list themselves. This would take time and effort, and by making the database accessible by everyone the brothers will be able to submit names on their own, making the process more efficient. When discussing the current system, the vice president of recruitment said a major issue was the lack of accountability. If a committee member commits to a particular recruit as his target recruit, there is not a clear way to note that and keep the committee member accountable. Looking from the perspective of a committee member, making the database accessible to everyone would save time and effort for him as well. If a committee member wants to gauge the overall thoughts about one person, not just fellow committee members’ thoughts, he would have to go to each brother individually and ask them. By giving all members access to the database a committee member would simply have to sign in and see the overall rating or comments about a potential member that the fraternity members have made. Opportunities There are many potential opportunities for this database system. In order to create a more efficient system the database could be accessible either through the web or a mobile device. If a brother meets someone who they believe could be a potential member they could immediately submit the name via their phone or public computer instead of waiting until they were at a computer with the saved database. Another opportunity for the database would be to have potential members link themselves to the system via Facebook. By linking their names through Facebook, fraternity brothers would be able to see the potential brother’s profile, which would allow them to learn more about the candidate (their hobbies, any mutual friends, etc.). Third, with the new system, the fraternity could increase membership because now everyone would be able to suggest candidates for membership. Since every member could add to the recruitment list, there would be an increase in the number of potential candidates, which may eventually lead to an increase in the number of actual members. Lastly, the fact that the system could be accessible to all members would undoubtedly create a higher sense of worth within the fraternity. Brothers would feel more responsible and included by being able to voice their opinions directly, which could boost morale amongst the brothers during the recruitment process. Objectives Our objective with SigEp is to create a transparent recruiting system that can get both members and potential members more actively engaged in the recruiting process. The new system would essentially be separated into three tiers. Tier 1 will allow potential members to register as recruits in a central, secure space, and give recruits the opportunity to share biographical information along with their Facebook profiles with the fraternity. It will attract more potential members to the fraternity and it will contain more broad information of potential members through Facebook. We also expect to see more active recruiting activities among general members through Tier 2 of the system by empowering them to get involved in the recruiting process. Tier 2 will allow general fraternity brothers to submit potential members’ names as well as rate and provide general feedback on current recruits. Finally, at Tier 3, the new system will give the vice president of recruitment full access to the recruitment database, the ratings and feedback for each recruit, as well as a new recruit assignment feature for committee members. With the new system he will be able to easily assign recruits to each committee member and subsequently be able to clearly see who is responsible for each targeted recruit, making delegation and accountability much easier. Tier 3 will provide useful information to the committee in order to make decisions, and we believe the decision-making process will be far more objective than the old system since the amount of the source data would be more diverse. The new system will increase the recruiting performance as the system will be accessible by all the fraternity members (from nine current committee members to all fraternity members). Therefore, our goal is to increase the number of applicants in the database by 50% for the next recruitment season. Project Scope It is important to keep in mind the scope of this project, so that features do not get out of hand and we can focus on what the client actually needs. The primary scope includes a web interface and backend database to store information about potential fraternity brothers. Different interfaces include one form for current brothers to input new recruits, as well as a public form that prospective members can directly input information about themselves into. Current brothers will be accessible to both a public form and a private form but prospective members will not be able to see other applicants’ information. Once student data is entered, the scope of the project is limited to tracking and organizing student data by the recruiting committee. The actual voting of prospective members will not be completed through this system. However, recruiting committee members will be able to have prospective members assigned, where they can then move them through different stages of the recruiting process. All of the described interfaces will need to work on any Internet-connected device, including laptops, tablets, and mobile phones. Constraints There are several constraints around the development of this system. The biggest obstacle technically is the need for a web developer who is able to create custom form interfaces and compile the required information in a database. Since student information is being collected, security and privacy are an added concern. The database needs to be secure so that student information does not get leaked. Privacy controls need to be in place so that only the correct members of the fraternity can see their corresponding information. There is a time constraint in that the system needs to be ready for spring semester’s rush season, so the system needs to be complete by the beginning of January 2014. Phase Two: Systems Analysis Phase Description of Fact-Finding Methods: Observation Of the various fact-finding methods our group used, observation was most helpful for system analysis. Since one of the team members is an active member in SigEp, he was able to directly observe the environment during recruitment week and note the system and process being used for tracking students from applicants to recruits to approved members. Students can be added to the recruit database in one of two ways: they can register online through the SigEp chapter website or on paper at a recruitment event. Information that is required from the applicant includes name, phone number, year in school, grade point average and school involvement. While these details come up in conversation at recruitment events anyway, it is crucial to have the information in writing and trackable so that the decision makers can be assured that they have accurate information when assessing a recruit. Once a student has registered, a member of the nine-member recruitment committee enters the core information (name, phone number, year in school) into a Google spreadsheet that is accessible by only those on the committee. At its nightly meetings, the committee, led by the vice president of recruitment, reviews the database and assesses each recruit’s interest level, his potential to fit in with the chapter, etc. The committee ultimately decides if it should pursue the recruit further and, if so, which member will be the lead recruit. At each recruitment event, general chapter members are encouraged to meet recruits and talk to them about the SigEp experience. If a general member feels that a particular recruit could fit in well with the chapter, he is instructed to find a member of the recruitment committee and introduce him to the recruit. On a given night, a committee member can meet 20-30 recruits. Each committee member is tasked with not only meeting recruits, but talking with them enough to assess their interest level and fit within the chapter, and then being able to recall particular recruits at the nightly meeting. Description of Fact-Finding Methods: Interview In the early stages of the project, our team conducted an unstructured interview with the vice president of recruitment so that we could better understand the current system. From the interview we were able to understand the basics of the system, such as what information is collected, and how the system has evolved from previous years. We found out that the recruit database used to be an Excel document that was only accessible on one computer, but now it is stored in the cloud as a Google spreadsheet. Description of Fact-Finding Methods: Document Analysis One of the most direct ways to analyze the current system was to look at the Google spreadsheet being used to store recruit information and delegate tasks to committee members. The vice president uses a color-coded coordination process where a recruit marked in green is a target recruit that needs to be assessed further, blue is a recruit that has been approved for membership but who has not yet signed his bid, and red is a recruit that has signed his bid and joined SigEp. Context Diagram In the Context Diagram there are two external entities and one process for the fraternity’s recruitment process. An applicant gives his information to the committee via the Recruitment System process. The Recruitment Committee adds their additional information to the system and eventually the applicant will receive a recruitment decision via the process as well. External Entities Fraternity Applicants: This external entity represents any individual who has an interest in joining the fraternity and who has filled out their information in the fraternity sign-up sheets. Recruitment Committee: This external entity represents the individuals who are a part of the fraternity’s recruitment committee. These individuals oversee the recruiting process and help manage the relevant recruitment documents. System Inputs From Applicant Agent Applicant Information: From the Applicant to the Recruitment System process. This data contains basic applicant information including name, year, credits and other basic information. From Recruitment Committee Recruit Evaluation Data: From the Recruitment Committee agent to the Recruitment System Process. These are data that are added to the Applicant Information data by the recruitment committee. These data include a color-coding system, additional information and which individual is assigned to the applicant. System Outputs To the Applicant Agent Recruitment Decision: From the Recruitment System Process to the Applicant. This data contains the recruitment committee’s final decision on an applicant's’ application. To the Recruitment Committee Updated Applicant Information: From the Recruitment System Process to the Recruitment Committee. This information contains all information collected from the applicants. This includes all original information provided by the applicants plus any additional information provided by a committee member. Data Flow Diagram: Level 0 Level 0 diagram outlines and explores the processes for “Register Applicants”, “Transform to Google Spreadsheet”, “Color-Categorize Recruits” and “Finalize Recruitment Decision”. These processes involve two entities and two data stores. When the applicant’s application is received, it is recorded on the sign-up sheets through the 1.0 process and then the information is transferred to the Google spreadsheet via 2.0 process. The Recruitment Committee evaluates each applicant’s information and the information does get color-coded thru 3.0 process. The updated information then goes back to the Google spreadsheet after it gets color-coded. Finally, the Recruitment Committee delivers the recruitment decision to the applicant. Data Stores Sign-up Sheet: This data store contains basic information of all applicants input by the Applicant entity. This is a physical sign up sheet presented to the applicants at the fraternity house Google Spreadsheet: This data store contains the information transferred from the sign-up sheet. The client currently keeps it on a spreadsheet very similar to Excel. The information is identical to the information store in the Sign-up Sheet data store. (All other inputs and outputs have been described in the Context Diagram) Level 0 System Inputs From Recruitment Committee Core Applicant Information: From the Recruitment Committee to the Transform to Google Spreadsheet process. This contains all information provided by the applicants that will be sent to the Google spreadsheet Updated Applicant Information: From the Recruitment Committee to the Color Categorize Recruits process. This information contains all information collected from the applicants. This includes all original information provided by the applicants plus any additional information provided by a committee member Color-coded Information: From the Recruitment Committee to the Finalize Recruitment Decision Process. Contains the data from the color-coded Google spreadsheet. This information will be used to make the final decision regarding new applicants Color-coded Information: From the recruitment committee to the Google Spreadsheet data store. This is the color-coding that is put into the Google spreadsheet to help the committee members clearly see who is eligible to come a new fraternity member Level 0 System Outputs To Recruitment Committee Color-coded Information: From the Color Categorize Recruits to the Recruitment Committee. Contains the data that has already been color-coded through the process and returns the information to the committee members Core Applicant Information: From the Register Applicants process to the Recruitment Committee agent. This is the data that was originally provided by the applicants that will be transformed to the Google spreadsheet Data Flow Diagram: Level 1 This diagram explores the Register Applicants Process. The Register Applicants Process can be exploded into two processes. Process 1.1 Check Academic Year and Credit Requirement: This process is responsible for checking each applicant’s eligibility in order to be a fraternity member. Process 1.2 Memo Important Information: This process is responsible for inputting any important information of each applicant that can be further evaluated by the Recruitment Committee. Entity Relationship Diagram The entity relationship diagram consists of two entities: 1. Applicant 2. Committee Member A binary relationship exists between the two entities and the cardinality is 1 to many in this case. The primary key for Applicants is Name, and a foreign key of Recruiter Name connects Applicants to Committee Members, whose primary key is Recruiter Name. Phase Three: The Design Phase Logical DFDs Context Diagram An Applicant will submit information about himself, his academic and athletic history, and his school involvement. The Recruitment Committee and General Fraternity Member will submit evaluations to the system, and the final output (Recruitment Decision) will be sent back to the original Applicant Level 0 An Applicant will be able to register on an online form that will ask the same information the old system did. This information will be uploaded to a central back-end database. A General Fraternity Member will be able to give recruit feedback via a custom solution and this feedback data will be added to the recruit’s profile in the Recruit Database. The Recruitment Committee will also be able to evaluate recruits, and with the final aggregated recruit profile make the recruitment decision and tell the Applicant. Level 1 – Process 3 The recruit evaluation process involves determining target recruits based on initial interactions at recruitment events, and then assigning those target recruits to specific members of the 8-person recruitment committee. These committee members continue the conversation with their target recruits and determine their interest in Sigma Phi Epsilon before the voting process begins. Entity Relationship Diagram The entity relationship diagram consists of the following entities: 1. Applicant 2. General Fraternity Member 3. Recruitment Committee Member 4. Evaluator 5. Evaluation An evaluator is either a general fraternity member or recruitment committee member. He creates an evaluation, which is identified by hi Evaluator ID and the applicant’s Application ID. CRUD Matrix Applicant ID First Name Last Name Academic Year Number of Credits Phone Number Fraternity ID (general) First Name Last Name Register Recruits Give Recruit Feedback CUD CUD CUD CUD CUD CUD R Determine Target Recruits Determine Recruit Interest Level Make Recruitment Decision R R R R R R CUD CUD CUD Fraternity ID (Recruitment Committee) First Name Last Name Recruitment Committee Role Assign Target Recruits to Committee Members R R R Evaluator ID Fraternity ID R R Application Evaluator ID Application ID Evaluator ID Application Details Decision CUD CUD CUD CUD CUD R CUD CUD CUD CRUD R R R R CRUD Candidate Systems Solutions Matrix Characteristics Visual Studio 2008 Microsoft Access 2013 Web Application Oracle 10g Portion of System Computerized Portion dealing with processing input applicants’ information and rating system, delivering final decision and report generation is computerized. There is no physical output under the system, all the reports and decisions will be electronically generated. Same portion computerized as candidate 1. Same portion computerized as candidate 1. Benefits There is no initial purchase price. There is no initial purchase price since the program can be downloaded thru TERPware (a fraternity is a university affiliated philanthropic organization, using TERPware does not break conditions). Maximum Blob/Clob size and Database size is unlimited. It is compatible with Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, UNIX and z/OS Servers and Workstations Visual Studio 8, SQL Server Express and Windows 2000 MS Access 2013, SQL Server Express and Windows 2000 (using the SQL Server Migration Assistant for Access) Oracle WebLogic Software Tools Needed Must have Windows 2000 or above and it requires the .NET framework and Windows Installer 3.0 or above. Visual Studio 2008 to create in the configuration of databases. Must have Windows 2000 or above and it requires the .NET framework and Windows Installer 3.0 or above. MS- Access 2013 to create in the configuration of databases. SQLTools 1.5, Oracle 10g Forms Builder and Toad Data Modeler. Both Windows OS and Mac OS X Server can be used. Application Software Visual Studio MS Access Oracle 10g Forms Builder Method of Data Processing Client/Server Client/Server Client/Server Output Devices and Implications No physical output other than electronically generated information and reports Same as Candidate 1. Same as Candidate 1. Input Devices and Implications Laptop (for members at recruiting event) or applicant’s own device Same as Candidate 1. Same as Candidate 1. Storage Devices and Implications MS SQL MS SQL Oracle DBMS Feasibility Analysis Matrix Feasibility Criteria Wt. Visual Studio 2008 (Custom) Microsoft Access 2013 Web Application (Custom) Oracle 10g (Custom) Operational Feasibility How well proposed system solves the problems and takes advantage of opportunities identified during the scope definition and problem analysis phases How well proposed system satisfies system requirements identified in the requirements analysis phase 10% This solution offers an opportunity for information to be electronically stored. Also the reports and decisions will be electronically generated through use of Visual Studio 2008. This user-friendly web-based application will be a selfexplanatory for both committee members and potential members. SQL Server Express would be more operationally feasible than Oracle WebLogic Score: 100 This solution offers an opportunity for information to be electronically stored. Also the reports and decisions will be electronically generated through use of MS Access. This userfriendly webbased application will be a selfexplanatory for both committee members and potential members. SQL Server Express would be more operationally feasible than Oracle WebLogic Score: 100 This solution offers an opportunity for information to be electronically stored. Also the reports and decisions will be electronically generated through use of Oracle generated web-based application. This user-friendly web-based application will be a selfexplanatory for both committee members and potential members. Managing Oracle WebLogic Server system is relatively challenging compare to SQL Server Express Score: 95 Technical Feasibility Is the proposed technology or solution practical? Do we currently possess the necessary technology Do we possess the necessary technical expertise? 40% Our team is capable of producing a Visual Basic based web application within the scope of the project. Solution requires writing application in VB.NET. Our team has some experience in VB.NET, and it should be relatively easy to be implemented. Score: 95 Our team is most capable of producing an Access based database management system, however we have no experience in converting Access DBMS into a web application. Solution requires writing application in VB.NET. Our team has some experience in VB.NET. Score: 90 The solution requires comprehensive knowledge in SQL language, and our team has some experience in it. Our team does not have any experience in Oracle WebLogic Server system. Our client is concerned about managing WebLogic server system. Score: 85 Economic Feasibility 40% No purchase cost for a developer or a Same as candidate 1. Same as candidate 1. Cost To develop: personal use Score: 100 Score: 100 2-3 months 1-2 months 3-4 months Score: 95 Score: 100 Score: 90 97.5 96 92.5 Score: 100 Schedule Feasibility An assessment of how long the solution will take to design and implement. 10% Ranking 100% Rationale for Weights Below we have listed the four types of feasibility listed in our feasibility matrix along with their respective weights and the justification for these weights in the context of the Code Enforcement Division. 1. Economic Feasibility a. Weight: 40% b. Justification: This category is weighted as the top two highest due to the fact that our client is a school fraternity organization and our first goal is to provide the system at no cost. All three candidate systems are free for a developer and a personal use. 2. Technical Feasibility a. Weight: 40% b. Justification: Technical feasibility is closely correlated with economic feasibility. Since our first goal is to provide the system at no charge, the project scope has to meet our team-members’ experience and knowledge in programming languages and other technical expertise. 3. Operational Feasibility a. Weight: 10% b. Justification: We expect our new system to be as simple as possible with few external users and offer minimal relational database management function. With the system’s simplicity, we decreased the weight of the operational feasibility to 10%. 4. Schedule Feasibility: a. Weight: 10% b. Justification: Since our client has some time until the next recruitment rush season, we have decreased the weight of the schedule feasibility to 10%. Since our team members do possess some experience and knowledge for the program logic and languages, we expect to produce the new system within a relatively short period of time. The implementation period will be very short and it would be almost an immediate once we deliver the program. Most of our scheduled time will be spent for a program debugging process. This system is not critical to the fraternity, so in the case of a delay, the current recruitment system could be used for an additional semester as the new system is being completed Physical DFDs and Error Report Context Diagram Level 0 Level 1 – Process 3 Input/Output Forms Recruitment Application: Assign Recruit to Fraternity Member Implementation In terms of the actual implementation of our new recruiting system, we plan to have the new system fully functional by the next recruiting session. Because the process of recruiting new members to the fraternity only happens twice a year, the new recruiting system will be relatively easy to implement. Also, because the recruiting system only holds data for the current recruiting semester, any previous data can be disregarded because the information will be irrelevant. Therefore the fraternity will not have to deal with the time consuming process of transferring data from the old excel spreadsheet to the new web-based system. At the beginning of the next recruiting semester the fraternity will completely disregard the old system and only use our new one. Since the new system is much more advanced and user friendly, the old system will essentially become obsolete. Members will now have access to the recruiting information wherever there is an internet connection and there will no longer be a need for an excel document with all of the recruiting information. In terms of training, the new web based system is very easy to navigate and understand with little to no training. With a very simple user interface, the system will not take long for the fraternity members to learn and it will be a smooth and easy transition. At first, it may be a good idea for the members of the recruiting committee to have a brief testing period just to get a feel for the system and so that they can get a firsthand look at how the system has improved and what changes were made. After the committee is done with their testing period, a brief training session should be held with the entire fraternity to help all members understand the changes in the recruiting process. But again, the new system is very easy to learn and the entire training process should only last a couple of hours at most. Lessons Learned Throughout the entire semester, not only did our entire team learn a lot about analyzing, designing and implementing a new IT system, but we also learned a tremendous amount about how to function and be successful as a team. This was the first time any of our group members had to design our own information system, and at the beginning of the project we did not realize how much detail would be involved. For instance, when we were thinking about what our data flow diagram would look like for the old system we had originally assumed that there would only be one data flow and one process. As we examined the old system with more detail we realized that there was in fact many more data flows and processes involved with the system. Each time a document was composed or transferred within the old system a new process would be created. Seeing how much detail was involved with the design of an information system opened the team’s eyes, and we were able to see that it takes more than just a good idea in order to build a proper information system. Furthermore, the feasibility analysis helped enforce this idea. Many times our group would come up with what seemed like a great idea, but when we took the time to think about how feasible the idea really was we determined that it would just not be practical. This extra attention to detail helped our team, and we were able to come up with ideas that were well thought out and practical in use. Additionally the group was able to learn how to stay organized and on schedule even though each group member had a different schedule and availability. The project was completed in sections and each section had a very strict deadline. With 4 group members, all of whom had different class schedules, we found it very difficult at first to find a specific time where each one of us was available to meet. We quickly learned that if we were going to succeed as a team we needed to be timely and organized. When our team did have a chance to meet, specific deadlines were made within the group and each member made a conscious decision to have their share of the work done one time and with high quality. Working in an environment that forced us to stay organized will be tremendously beneficial for each one of us as we progress through our young careers. Many, if not all, projects have strict deadlines and the fact that we were able to learn how to properly set our priorities will give us an advantage when we enter the workforce.