ICT
Development in Myanmar
by
U Zaw Tint
Secretary
e-National Task Force
Myanmar
4/2/2004
ICT Development in Myanmar
1
Contents
1. Brief about Myanmar
2. Present Telecom Infrastructure
3. Myanmar ICT Industry
4. ICT Development Policy & Implementation
5. e-Government Initiative
4/2/2004
ICT Development in Myanmar
2
1. Brief about Myanmar
4/2/2004
ICT Development in Myanmar
3
Myanmar and Neighboring Countries
1338 Km
2204 Km
271 Km
238 Km
2832 Km
4/2/2004
2107 Km
ICT Development in Myanmar
4
Brief About Myanmar
• Area
677,000 Square km
(50% of area is covered with forest)
• North to south
2090 Kilometer
• East to west
925 Kilometer
• Population
52.4 million
• Pop Growth Rate
1.84%
• Pop living in rural area
80%
• National Races
135
• GDP Growth rate
5.9 % (1991-92)
11.1% (2002-03)
4/2/2004
ICT Development in Myanmar
5
Telecom Infrastructure
&
Info Communication Services
4/2/2004
ICT Development in Myanmar
6
Telecommunication Infrastructure
Population
52.4 million
Telephone
338,000
Exchange
Auto Exchange
125
Manual Exchange
569
Transit Exchange
4
International Exchange
1
Mobile Exchange
6
Packet Exchange
1
Internet Gateway
1
Microwave Stations
Digital
187
Analogue
41
Earth Station
International Stations
1
Domestic Stations (SCPC + VSAT)
20
International Submarine Cable Landing Point
1
Total Telephone Channel ( Sat + Submarine cable ) 1649
4/2/2004
ICT Development in Myanmar
7
Telecommunication Infrastructure
Mobile Systems
CDMA (1996)
D-AMPS (1992)
GSM (2000)
Total Mobile Telephone
29758
8492
21261
59,511
Internet Backbone
Satellite
Thaicom 1
Thaicom 2
Jset
4 MB
4 MB
2 MB
Optical Fiber Submarine
SEA-ME-WE 3
6 MB
National Backbone
Optical fiber
Microwave Link
4/2/2004
from Yangon to Mandalay
Cover all over Myanmar
ICT Development in Myanmar
8
6
ylwmtdk
Domestic Satellite Communications
6
cÊD:
wedkif:
yef:0g
ThaiCom 1-A
wrl:
6
rif:wyf
6
uGrf:vHk
avmufudkif
wef.<ef:
8
6
rdkif:vm:
Mandalay
bl:oD:awmif
rdkif:y
Gef
rdkif:wHk
6
zmyGef
8
Yangon
aiGaqmiffh
Domsat Stations (5)
10
]r0wD
8
úrdwf
VSAT Stations (15)
Main HUB Stations (2)ICT Development in Myanmar
4/2/2004
bkwf]yif:
aumhaomif:
20
9
Overseas Communications
Thaicom 1-A(120 E)
Intelsat(60 E)
Measat(148 E)
Korea(45 Chs)
China(30 Chs)
Germany(15 Chs)
Australia(16 Chs)
UK(59 Chs)
Singapore (120 Chs)
Taiwan (8 Chs)
Malaysia(15 Chs)
Thailand (89 Chs)
Japan (55 Chs)
Brunei(5 Chs)
Hong Kong(90 Chs)
Total (547 Ch)
4/2/2004
Thai
(60 Ch)
2 Mbps
Thanlyin
Yangon
Landing Point
Kalahtaik
R401
R402
R403
R404
R405
Myeik
R406
R407
R408
R409
R410
R411
R412
R413
R414
R415
R416
From Mumbai Branching Unit- 4. 4
ICT Development in Myanmar To Tuas
Total International Telephone Channels = 1649
Malaysia
(89 Ch)
Japan(30) Ch
UK(30) Ch
Malaysia(477) Ch)+ 4Mbps
Singapore(386) Ch)
Thai (30 Ch)
HKT
( 2 Mbps )
Tuas Station 640,000 MIU-KM
10
Channel ~ 20000
Internet Infrastructure
Internet Service Provider
Myanma Posts and Telecoms
Bagan Cyebertech
Internet Subscriber
Internet user
Highspeed Internet user
5,000
25,000
1,000
Intranet Domains
4/2/2004
600
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11
MPT- Internet System Configuration
Thai Com III
Optical Fibre
1 MBit
Thai Com I
Wireless
1 MBit
1 Megabit
Router
Bagan Cybertech
(University Ave:)
Optical Fibre
Gateway Router
Global
Internet Backbone
OCMI (U Wisara Rd)
Router
2 MBit
GigaBit
Router
Bagan Cybertech
(MICT PARK)
1 Megabit
6 Megabit
Proxy Server
Seame we 3
Submarine Cable
Access Servers for
(1) X.25 Users
(2) Internet Users
(3) E.Mail Users
Firewall
Server
Servers
(1) Domain Name Server
(2) Mail Server
(3) Web Server
(4) Account Server
4/2/2004
X.25 Packet
Switch Network
ICT Development in Myanmar
Leased Line
Users
Telephone
Network
Dialup Users 12
(Including ISDN Users)
Internet Backbone ( 2003 )
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13
Connectivity from BCT Teleport to MPT
ODF
24 slots
SC pigtail
Cisco core router 7507
Gigabit Ethernet
(Data Center 1)
VoIP switch
&Dial-up
Access

100
Analog
phones 
MD
F
100
pairs
copper
cable
GEIP
INTERNET
Cisco core router 7513
Gigabit Ethernet
(Packet switch)
Optical Fibre Route 1
12 fibres , single mode,
6Km
1Gbps
4 x E1
ISDN PRI
Multiplex
er
UMUX
1500
ODF
24 slots
SC pigtail
4 x E1
ISDN PRI
Optical Fibre Route 2
18 fibres , single mode,
6Km
1Gbps
SDH
STM – 1
155 Mbps
SDH
STM – 1
155 Mbps
Multiplex
er
UMAX
1500
(ITMC)
MPT
Facilities
4/2/2004
TB
100 pairs
copper
cable
Local
Switch
(TMX-100)
100 Analog
phone
lines
(652xxx)
BCT
Facilities
BCT Teleport
(Hlaing College Campus)
Toll Switch
( TMX 100)
MPT
(Mayangone)
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Fiber Optic Connections
1. International Link : SEA-ME-WE-3 Submarine Cable
: 1,142 km (branching point & landing point)
2. National Link : Present status is the fiber link between the capital
Yangon and second capital city Mandalay. Near future fiber core
network will be connecting all major cities in Myanmar.
3. Metro Access Link : All exchanges in Yangon and Mandalay have
been connected with the metro fiber links. Most of them are TDM
transmission (PDH/SDH) and the rest is IP links.
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Info-communication services
Current info-communication services are as follow 1. Legacy PSTN voice services. (Fixed and Mobile)
2. Data Communication Services
3. IP data services : (Internet, e-Mail, VPN)
4. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) service
5. Broadband Internet Access Services
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Telecom Services
Telephone Penetration
Telephones
Public Telephone
0.6 %
338,000
10,000
Rural Telephone Service
500 (10% coverage)
Packet Data services are available.
IP Telephone market is expanding rapidly.
Telecom Players
MPT (Myanma Posts & Telecom-Government) (under the Ministry of
Communications, Posts & Telegraphs is operator and regulator)
Bagan Cybertech (Semi Government Company)
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Data Communication Services in Myanmar
-
1980
Telex
-
1.4.1993
Computer Telegraph
-
12.11.1997
X.400 e-Mail
(YGN , MDY)
-
January, 2000
Internet/e-Mail
(13,800+)
-
January, 2002
Cyber Cafe
(YGN , MDY)
4/2/2004
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IP Services
FTP
e-mail
Web hosting/browsing
Server Co-location
Internet/Intranet
Video-conferencing
VoIP/IP Phone
Broadband Access
Wireless local loop
Broadband Satellite (IP Star)
Rural Telephony
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Broadband Access Service
There are 5 types of broadband access can be used in country 1. VSAT Satellite Access
2. iPSTAR Broadband Satellite Access
3. Broadband Wireless Local Loop (BWLL)
4. Direct Fibre Access
5. ADSL Access
4/2/2004
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Strategic Development Objectives
•
Rapid convergence of Data and Voice, and requirement of Band
Width must be taken into account;
•
Efforts will continue for Telecom Infrastructure development
•
Initiatives must be taken for private sector participation and FDI
attainment;
•
Liberalization is to proceed according to the e-ASEAN Framework
Agreement implementation plan.
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Future Plan of Info communication
1. To expand the Fiber network
2. VOIP tech. on International Telephone Calls
3. Video on Demand over BWA
4. To expand the Rural Telephony
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3. Myanmar ICT Industry
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23
Profile of Local Market
•
The total market US$ 20 million
•
80% - Hardware and Computer
19% - Software and IT Services
1% - Imported Software and Services
•
The IT market is estimated to grow between 10-20% per year.
•
Large part of this growth is due to Internet related IT services.
4/2/2004
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24
Market Product/Service Characteristics
90% of Software and IT Services are sold to commercial
Commercial Market
•
Mainly of customized applications
•
Small and highly cost-sensitive.
•
End-users of software are banks.
•
Producing commercial business applications such as:
•
Accounting packages
•
Computer based training (CBT)
•
WEB enabled application development
•
Multimedia and games to a limited extent.
Government Market
•
Largest consumer of information technology
•
Need to establish government-wide information systems
•
Requires Standardization and Compatibility
•
in data models and structure
•
Telecommunications protocols
•
Computing environments
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25
Industry Structure and Capabilities
1.
At the very early stages of development
2.
There are some 50 companies engaged in software, Internet web site
and content development
3.
Only half of them may be considered software developers.
4.
50 firms together employ about 4,000 people, with an average of
some 80 employees per firm.
5.
The industry is predominantly selling to the domestic market
6.
Foreign direct investment in the industry is very low.
7.
Despite the small supply base, competition at the local level is high
because of the smaller domestic market demand
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26
Company Characteristics
•
•
•
•
Lack of demand in the domestics market and limited access to
regional and global markets most IT companies are small and
engaged in relatively narrow range of activities.
Most firms are re-sellers hardware vendors and computer
assemblers.
Weakness
•
Small size and fragmentation
•
Limited capitalization
•
Limited collaboration and scale
•
Limited foreign investment
•
Lack of critical skills
•
Lack of use of leading tools and technologies in Project
Management
•
Lack of quality assurance
•
High labor turnover rates
Strengths
•
Availability of highly skilled “raw talent.”
•
Tools and technologies
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4. ICT Development Strategy
&
Implementation
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Vision
To become a major contributor to the country’s economy and strategic
interest and internationally recognized exporter of ICT products and
services.
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Overall Goals
1
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
To position Myanmar favorably within the knowledge-based
economy of the future.
Facilitate modernization of both the Government and private
sector.
To develop IT Industry to become one of main economic sectors.
To facilitate the growth of e-Commerce at national, regional and
international levels.
Wide spread application of IT to improve the educational level of
the whole population.
To develop human resources so that sufficient IT professionals
are available for both IT industry and IT application.
To create an IT intelligent society.
To reduce the digital divide.
4/2/2004
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30
Some Benefits of Accelerated IT Sector
Growth
Economics Benefits
•
Increased employment of professionals
•
Exports/foreign exchange generation
•
Foreign direct investment
•
Government revenues
Social Benefits
•
Empowered population
•
Improved public services
•
Better education
Strategic Benefits
•
Greater efficiency of Government
•
Creation of a knowledge-base economy
•
Enhanced economic competitiveness
•
Less dependent on traditional markets
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31
Software and IT Services Development Strategy
Regulatory
Framework
Human
Resource
Development
Government
Support
Vision
Goals
Targets
IT Industry
Development
Infrastructure
Capital and
Financing
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32
ICT Industry Development
4/2/2004
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33
ICT Industry Development
Action 1: Establish IT Industry Association
Objectives: To focus on the following activities for ICT Industry development
in Myanmar.
•
Advisory to the Council
•
Marketing and Promotion
•
Networking and Collaboration
Status:
Myanmar Computer Science Development Law 1996
Myanmar Computer Science Development Council 1996
Myanmar Computer Federation 1998
Myanmar Computer
Scientist
Association
4/2/2004
Myanmar Computer
Industry
Association
ICT Development in Myanmar
Myanmar Computer
Enthusiasts
Association
34
ICT Industry Development
Action 2: Joint Collaboration among ICT Companies
Objectives: To develop work jointly on National project and develop the
necessary scale for export project.
Status:
1. The consortium of 50 ICT companies was formed in 2001.
2. Myanmar ICT Development Corporation (MICTDC)
3. Activities
- Develop Myanmar ICT Park with international facilities in
Yangon & Mandalay
- Develop home-grown solution for e-Government
- Provide ICT related services
- Provide infrastructure for ICT company
- Finding local & overseas markets
- Human Resource Development
4/2/2004
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35
ICT Industry Development
Action 3: Improve Capabilities of ICT Companies
Objectives: To increase firm level capabilities in terms of
•
Internal Management
•
Project Management
•
Business Processes
Status
4/2/2004
The following activity are arranged by MICTDC & MCF
•
Seminar and Workshop, Training
•
On Job Training Program (Joint with CICC Japan)
•
Develop software Quality Certification (CMMI) Program
(Joint with Software Park Thailand)
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36
ICT Industry Development
Action 4: Develop Sector Marketing Strategy
Objectives: To promote Myanmar’s ICT Products and Services to
•
Key local sector
•
Government Offices
•
Regional and International Market
Status:
4/2/2004
Activities are arrange by Association
•
Business matching program
•
Trade shows and Exhibitions
•
National ICT Awards Program
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37
Regulatory Framework Strengthening
4/2/2004
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38
Regulatory Framework Strengthening
Objectives: To Facilitate a regulatory environment that is supportive to
National ICT Development
Status:
1885
1934
September 1996
July 2002
Jan 2004
(Q1) 2004
(Q4) 2004
4/2/2004
Myanmar Telegraph Act
Myanmar Wireless Telegraphy Acts
Myanmar Computer Science Development
Law
Wide Area Network Notification
Trying to setup the national CA.
Initially start with National Registration
Authority (RA).
Electronic Transaction Law
(waiting for approval)
Telecommunication Law
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39
Human Resource Development
4/2/2004
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40
Human Resource Development
Action 1: Working with institutions to focus on critical skills
Objectives: To develop curricula and set standards that meet the ICT
Industry’s Human Resource needs.
Status:
Public Sector
Two universities (dedicated to IT) and 24
Computer Colleges
Private Sector
50 over Private Training Institutions.
IT Professional Training (2000-2001 to 2005-2006)
Public
Private
Total
Diploma
21,400
10,500
31,900
Bachelor
15,500
-
15,500
2,000
-
2,000
10,500
50,000
Master
Doctoral
600
38,500
- Plan to setup ICT departments in all universities under MOE.
4/2/2004
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41
Human Resource Development
Action 2: Collaborate with Oversea Organizations
Objectives: To establish numerous state of-the-art software/ICT programs
through collaboration between oversea organizations
Status:
4/2/2004
•
CICC Onside Training Courses
•
Joint ICT Training Programs
(Conduct by Singapore, Japan and India)
•
Japan Myanmar e-Learning Center (MICT Park)
•
MCSA/JTEC Certificate Program (Japan)
•
Scholarship programs
ICT Development in Myanmar
42
Human Resource Development
Action 3: Implement e-Learning Initiative
Objectives: To develop more dynamic, technology-based learning
environment for students.
Status:
4/2/2004
•
Setting up 900 over Multimedia class rooms and computer
labs in all high schools, some middle and primary schools all
over the country.
•
Opening 455, e-Learning centers spread over the whole
Myanmar by data casting method for distance e-Learning.
•
Implementing “Smart School” pilot project in Yangon and
trying to increase the number of internet connected school.
•
Introduce the School Net program.
ICT Development in Myanmar
43
Human Resource Development
Action 4: Develop ICT Skills in the Public Sector
Objectives: To train Government employees in ICT literacy using special
program.
Status:
4/2/2004
•
Conduct computer literacy program for Government
employees.
•
e-Government Management Training Program for CIO to
build internal capacity for coordinating and managing
e-Government projects.
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44
Infrastructure Development
4/2/2004
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45
Infrastructure Development
Action 1: Increase Internet and PC Penetration Rates
Objectives: To raise the Internet and PC penetration rates lack of public
awareness and high cost of hardware and software are the
primary reasons.
Status:
4/2/2004
•
Conduct a national campaign to heighten awareness of the
Internet and its benefits.
- IT Caravan programs
(at least one trip for each year)
•
To meet the demand of private citizens for low-cost computer
- Budget PC Project
- Launch at Jan 2004
- Sell under 250$ PC bundle with software
ICT Development in Myanmar
46
Infrastructure Development
Action 2: Building Infrastructure for e-Government Initiative
Objectives: To build infrastructure which is needed to implement the national
e-Government initiative.
Status:
4/2/2004
•
Building a secure Government Network (On going)
•
To build high-speed Fiber Optics network between Ministries
and Departments.
•
Setting up basic e-Government System
•
Document exchange
•
Electronic approval
•
Document Distribution and store
ICT Development in Myanmar
47
Infrastructure Development
Action 3: Initiative Private Sector-Led ICT Park
Myanmar ICT Park was established in January 2002 (Yangon).
Concept
Government lead-Private Sector Driven
Location
Hlaing Campus
Size
30 Acres (accommodated 70 Software Company)
Ownership
Function
Private
Promoter and regulator
Facilitator/Catalyst
Incubating Center
Provider of Infrastructure
Interface with industry and government
International gateway
Second ICT Park was established in August 2003 at Mandalay.
4/2/2004
ICT Development in Myanmar
48
Infrastructure Development
Action 4: Strengthen the connectivity Development
Objectives: To provide adequate infrastructure for connectivity (Broadband)
Status:
•
•
•
•
•
•
4/2/2004
Establishing V-SAT satellite networks for the whole country.
Connection with SEA-ME-WE 3 submarine cable for
international gateway.
Connecting fiber line between two major cities:
Yangon and Mandalay.
Establishing broadband wireless networks in Yangon &
Mandalay.
Establishing iPstar broadband satellite communication
systems for the whole Myanmar.
Planning to provide ADSL Service in Yangon within a few
months.
ICT Development in Myanmar
49
Infrastructure Development
Action 5: Establishing the public Internet Access Center
Objectives: To increase public access to internet
Status:
•
•
•
•
4/2/2004
24 Cyber Cafe’ had opened in Yangon and Mandalay
since July 2003.
Plan to open, nationwide within a year.
It will include walk in internet access and IT support services.
Community Access Center
- Planning to establish Community Cyber Center in every
town & city.
- Government and Private Sector can than use satellite-based
internet & phone even in rural area.
- Going step by step from divisional & state cities to district &
township within a year.
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50
Government Support
4/2/2004
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51
Government Support
Action 1: Establish Private-Public Council
Objectives: To establish a high-level Council to facilitate support to the
National ICT Development
Status:
4/2/2004
•
e-National Task Force was formed in October 2000 to
monitor and complement the project implementation of the
e-ASEAN framework agreement.
•
Seven working committee were formed under e-National
Task Force to facilitate the national ICT development such
as
•
Legal Infrastructure Development
•
ICT Infrastructure Development.
•
ICT Education and Human Resource Development
•
e-Application
•
ICT Products Liberalization
•
ICT Standardization
•
e-Measurement
ICT Development in Myanmar
52
Government Support
Action 2: Implement e-Government Program and National
ICT Projects
Objectives: To enhance the quality of services and information provide to its
citizen.
Status:
4/2/2004
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Smart Card - Rolled out 2000 cards for MOD (June 2002)
e-Passport - Start with 5000 passports (August 2002)
Smart School - Launched at (3) High Schools (October 2002)
e-Visa - Rolled out (Launched in January 2004)
Certification Authority (Launched in January 2004)
e-Procurement - (Launched in January 2004)
TEDI (Trade Electronic Data Interchange) - On going
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53
Government Support
Action 3: Development of National Portal
Objectives: To deliver Government’s Information and Services efficiently
Status:
4/2/2004
•
•
•
•
e-Commerce
e-Government (Government Information System)
e-Society
Current Bagan Cybertech Portal
TradeNet
e-Reservation and e-Banking
e-Shopping
e-Government and e-Media
e-Learning
e-Bookstore and e-Journal
More than 10 ministries are developing websites to
provide information.
Some will develop service-oriented websites very soon.
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54
e-Government Projects
4/2/2004
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55
Smart Card
• Rolled out in June 2002.
• 2000 smart cards has been issued to officials of Ministry of
Defense.
• Containing personal, health and biometric information.
• Planning to use as
Driver license
National registration
Security checking
Cash with drawals card
4/2/2004
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56
e-Passport
• Launched in August 2002.
• Embed passports with computer chip
• Containing personal & biometric (finger print)
information
• Released 5000 passport in its initial phase
(3500 for business users and 1500 for
diplomatic & officials)
4/2/2004
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57
Smart Schools
• Launched in October 2002
• Collaborated with the MDC (Malaysia)
• Lessons to be prepared in a central server and distributed to all
participating schools via internet
• Students & teachers can also access the computer-based
training Digital Library and other teaching & learning tools
• Three schools have been included and planned to expand it to
other schools in future.
4/2/2004
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58
e-Visa
• Launched in January 2004.
• People planning to visit Myanmar can get visa
information on line
• Can submit the visa application on line
• Can do the payment on line
4/2/2004
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59
Certification Authority
• Launched in Jan 2004
• Focus on secure transaction
• Including digital signatures & certificate
• To setup the national CA. Initially start with National
Registration Authority (RA).
4/2/2004
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60
e-Procurement
• Soft launched in Jan 2004
• Can operate in (Q2)2004
• Government purchasing will be done on line
• 8 Ministries will participate in first phase
• Tender, direct purchase, catalogue will be included
4/2/2004
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61
ICT to Rural Area
• Initiated by PTD. (Telecom Authority, under MPT)
• Setting up multipurpose Community Tele Center at Phaunggyi
village. (76.8 km away from Capital City)
• Assists by Telecommunication Development Bureau. (ITU)
• Purpose is to develop the living standard of people in rural area.
• Planning to install about 6000 small satellite terminals at remote
areas within three years
4/2/2004
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62
Conclusion
• Myanmar's ICT sector is moving forward.
• ICT has developed more quickly & visible than other
sector in Myanmar.
• Has made a good start in many areas such as
- Building Infrastructure
- Promoting Awareness
- Developing human resource
4/2/2004
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63
Thank You
4/2/2004
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64