CLUB FOOT
SARAH FAULKNER
BIO 201
SUMMER
J U N E , 1 5 TH 2 0 1 0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Club foot definition: Slide 3
Names: Slide 4
Causes: Slide 5
Diagnosing: Slide 6
Symptoms: Slide 7
Treatment: Slide 8
Prevention: Slide 15
Prognosis: Slide 16
Facts: Slide 18
Bibliography: Slide 19
Club Foot
CLUB FOOT IS A CONGENITAL DISEASE IN WHICH
THE FOOT TURNS INWARD AND DOWNWARD
(ABOUT.COM)
CLUB FOOT
NAMES
• Club Foot
• Talipes Equinovarus
• Talipes (About.com)
CAUSES
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Cause is not known
Congenital
Hereditary
More common in males (Mayo
Clinic Staff)
DIAGNOSING CLUB FOOT
• Most often diagnosed during ultrasounds
• Physical Exams (About.com)
• Radiography
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• The foot is turned inward and downward
• The foot is difficult to keep in a normal
position
• The foot and the calf muscles are smaller than
normal (Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia)
TREATMENT
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Treatment works best if done immediately after
birth
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Treatment depends on severity of the case
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Treatment can range from casts, to physical
therapy, to surgery ( Pediatric Orthopedics P.C)
Cases of club foot not
treated in infancy
3 MAIN TYPES OF TREATMENT
• Ponseti Treatment which uses a series of
casts to straighten the foot
• French Treatment-utilizes physical therapy to
strengthen muscles and straighten foot
• Surgical Procedure- Several types of surgery
are used based on how severe the case
(Encyclopedia of Surgery)
PONSETI TREATMENT
• Developed by Dr. Ignacio Ponseti in the 1950s(Wikipedia)
• Casting of the legs from the feet to the groin is done as
soon as possible after birth
• A series of 10 casts is used, with a new one every week
• The last cast is used for 3 weeks
• A special brace is used at 3 months until 3 years of age
• Successful in 50% of the cases
• Inexpensive to teach and use which is helpful in poverty
stricken areas (Encyclopedia of Surgery)
PONSETI TREATMENT
Casting
(Pediatric
Orthopedics
P.C.)
Brace
FRENCH TREATMENT
• Daily therapy is done on the foot 5 days a
week
• Therapy lasts 1 hour at a clinic and more
exercises are done at home
• The foot is taped in normal position and
splinted in place when therapy is complete
• This is done for 3 months
SURGERY
• Usually done after other treatments have
failed to correct the foot
• Type of surgery depends on severity of the
deformity
• Often the long tendons are shortened and the
short tendons are lengthened to release foot
into normal position.
(Encyclopedia of Surgery.com)
TYPES OF TREATMENT
Prevention
• There is no specific prevention for Club foot
• However, since it is a birth defect, pregnant
mothers can limit there chance for babies to
develop birth defects
• Pregnant women can refrain from smoking,
drinking, or being around cigarette smoke to
help prevent birth defects (The Staff of the
Mayo Clinic)
PROGNOSIS
• Prognosis is good for children who are treated
early
• Treatment can result in the ability for a person
to live a normal life with few or no problems
• Prognosis is not as good when a person
suffers from other birth defects or diseases
(Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia)
SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT
CLUB FOOT
BEFORE
TREATMENT
CLUB FOOT TREATMENT
(about.com Vincent Iamelli, M.D)
Club Foot after
treatment
CLUB FOOT FACTS
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1 in 1000 births is affected with club foot
Most are bilateral or occurring in both feet
Occurs in males twice as often as females
80% of children with club foot are born to
impoverished nations (Ganga Medical Centre
and Hospital Pvt Ltd)
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Foot interventions. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from http://www.pediatricorthopedics.com/Treatments/Feet/feet.html
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Club foot. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from
http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/infectiousdiseases/Clubfoot.htm
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Club foot repair. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from http://adam.about.com/surgery/Club-footrepair-series.htm#
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Club foot repair. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from http://www.surgeryencyclopedia.com/CeFi/Club-Foot-Repair.html
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Dr. Ponseti. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignacio_Ponseti
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Club foot. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from
http://www.gangahospital.com/PaediatricOrthopaedics/ClubFoot.html
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Club foot repair. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from http://health.allrefer.com/health/club-footrepair-club-foot-repair-series.html
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Club foot prevention. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/clubfoot/DS00814/DSECTION=prevention
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Club foot repair. Retrieved June, 8 2010, from
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/002964.htm