414-004 Parenthetical Citations
(Copy in your notebook.)
The author’s name can be referred to within the
sentence:
• Tannen has argued this point (178-85).
…or the author’s name can be referred to
within the parenthetical reference:
• This point has already been argued (Tannen
178-85).
2
Readaloud—Which famous celebrity
wrote this story?
Little Jay's mom is maniacally thrifty, his dad is extravagant,
and little Jay always seems to be caught in the middle. So
when Jay's dad decides that his next big "project" is going
to be an ENORMOUS barbecue patio, the only way it's
going to happen is if Jay, their neighbors, and Bruce, the
laziest dog in America, help him out.
When the party to launch the patio arrives, there's more food
than anyone could eat, and at the center is a HUGE roast
beef that Jay would do anything to get a taste of. No one
will notice if he sneaks a bite, will they? That is, until Jay's
secret plan backfires!
What is Jay's secret weapon to sample a bit of the roast beef?
Will he keep his dad from finding out? And finally, what
could make a roast beef fly?
Jay Leno, former Tonight Show host
• Sadly, the book did not do well and is out of
print.
• Source: http://www.amazon.com/If-RoastBeef-Could-Fly/dp/B000B8K7BS
• You can read a portion of the book at the
Amazon.com web site.
•
•
•
•
•
citation
MLA
parentheses
parenthetical
parenthetical citation
5
…show that we know how to create
parenthetical citations
…by creating paarenthetical citations
within the text of our own research
papers.
6
School Library Standards
• 3.0.C.2.b Independently and accurately give
credit to sources of information.
When you create a research paper, you must
always attach a Works Cited page at the end.
This allows the reader to know how many
different resources you used (and how hard
you worked!) to come to your conclusions in
your paper. The Works Cited page is simply all
of the different MLA citations from your
Cornell notes, arranged in alphabetical order.
Citation from notes
9
Works Cited
Douglas, Mary. "Taboo." Man, Myth & Magic. Ed. Richard Cavendish. New ed.
21 vols. New York: Cavendish, 1994. 2546-2549.
SAME CITATIONS FROM
CORNELL NOTES,
Dundes, Alan. "Taboo." The World Book Encyclopedia. 2000 ed.
ALPHABETIZED
Freud, Sigmund. Totem and Taboo. New York: Random, 1918.
McGrath, Stacy. "Ecological Anthropology." Anthropological Theories: A Guide
Prepared by Students for Students. 19 Oct. 2001. U. of Alabama. 18 Jan. 2005
<http://www.as.ua.edu/ant/Faculty/Murphy/ecologic.htm>.
Rothenberg, Kelly. "Tattooed People as Taboo Figures in Modern Society."
1996. BME/Psyber City. 18 Jan. 2005 <http://www.bme.freeq.com/tattoo/
tattab.html>.
"Taboo." Occultopedia: Encyclopedia of Occult Sciences and Knowledge. Site created
and designed by Marcus V. Gay. 18 Jan. 2005 <http://www.occultopedia.com/t/
taboo.htm>.
…you should also let the reader of your research
paper, as they read the sentences paragraph
by paragraph, know where each bit of
information came from.
Why should you reveal who said what?
OR
TO AVOID BLAME
TO GATHER SUPPORT FOR YOUR IDEAS
How do you do this? Color coding?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Dundes=red
“Taboo”=black
Douglas=blue
Rothenberg=green
Freud=yellow
McGrath=orange
Jones 1
Tracy Jones
Mr. K. Smith
ENG-4GN-01
16 January 2006
The Many Facets of Taboo
The World Book Encyclopedia defines Taboo as "an action, object, person, or place
forbidden by law or culture."
As pointed out in the Occultopedia, another word for taboo is "tabu" a Polynesian
word meaning that which is banned. The Occultopedia also points out that taboo is found
among many other cultures including the ancient Egyptians, Jews and others .
Mary Douglas has analyzed the many facets and interpretations of taboos across
various cultures. In her view, taboos could be considered a kind of "brain-washing" as they
are transmitted to individuals along with an entire cultural system made up of a pattern of
values and norms.
In reference to Freak Shows at circuses, an interesting observation is made that
people who possess uncommon features and who willingly go out in public to display such
oddities to onlookers are acting as "modern-day taboo breakers" by crossing the "final
boundary between societal acceptance and ostracism."
In traditional British East Africa, between the time of puberty and marriage, a young
Akamba girl must maintain an avoidance relationship with her own father ().
Looking at taboo in a modern society, Marvin Harris gives an interesting example of
the application of cultural materialism to the Hindu taboo against eating beef .
PARENTHETICAL
CITATIONS
…POINT THE READER OF YOUR RESEARCH PAPER
TO THE CITATIONS IN THE WORKS CITED PAGE.
USUALLY, JUST THE AUTHOR (OR TITLE) AND THE
PAGE NUMBER APPEAR IN THESE ONLINE
CITATIONS.
WATCH
PUNCTUATION!
For complete guidelines, consult MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 7th ed.
CAN YOU FIND ALL SIX
PARENTHETICAL
CITATIONS ON THE FOLLOWING
SLIDE?
Jones 1
Tracy Jones
Mr. K. Smith
ENG-4GN-01
16 January 2006
The Many Facets of Taboo
The World Book Encyclopedia defines Taboo as "an action, object, person, or place
forbidden by law or culture" (Dundes).
As pointed out in the Occultopedia, another word for taboo is "tabu" a Polynesian
word meaning that which is banned. The Occultopedia also points out that taboo is found
among many other cultures including the ancient Egyptians, Jews and others ("Taboo").
Mary Douglas has analyzed the many facets and interpretations of taboos across
various cultures. In her view, taboos could be considered a kind of "brain-washing" (2549)
as they are transmitted to individuals along with an entire cultural system made up of a
pattern of values and norms.
In reference to Freak Shows at circuses, an interesting observation is made that
people who possess uncommon features and who willingly go out in public to display such
oddities to onlookers are acting as "modern-day taboo breakers" by crossing the "final
boundary between societal acceptance and ostracism." (Rothenberg).
In traditional British East Africa, between the time of puberty and marriage, a young
Akamba girl must maintain an avoidance relationship with her own father (Freud 17).
Looking at taboo in a modern society, Marvin Harris gives an interesting example of
the application of cultural materialism to the Hindu taboo against eating beef (qtd. in
McGrath).
Jones 1
Tracy Jones
Mr. K. Smith
ENG-4GN-01
16 January 2006
The Many Facets of Taboo
The World Book Encyclopedia defines Taboo as "an action, object, person, or place
forbidden by law or culture" (Dundes).
As pointed out in the Occultopedia, another word for taboo is "tabu" a Polynesian
word meaning that which is banned. The Occultopedia also points out that taboo is found
among many other cultures including the ancient Egyptians, Jews and others ("Taboo").
Mary Douglas has analyzed the many facets and interpretations of taboos across
various cultures. In her view, taboos could be considered a kind of "brain-washing" (2549)
as they are transmitted to individuals along with an entire cultural system made up of a
pattern of values and norms.
In reference to Freak Shows at circuses, an interesting observation is made that
people who possess uncommon features and who willingly go out in public to display such
oddities to onlookers are acting as "modern-day taboo breakers" by crossing the "final
boundary between societal acceptance and ostracism." (Rothenberg).
In traditional British East Africa, between the time of puberty and marriage, a young
Akamba girl must maintain an avoidance relationship with her own father (Freud 17).
Looking at taboo in a modern society, Marvin Harris gives an interesting example of
the application of cultural materialism to the Hindu taboo against eating beef (qtd. in
McGrath).
Works Cited
Douglas, Mary. "Taboo." Man, Myth & Magic. Ed. Richard Cavendish. New ed.
21 vols. New York: Cavendish, 1994. 2546-2549.
Dundes, Alan. "Taboo." The World Book Encyclopedia. 2000 ed.
Freud, Sigmund. Totem and Taboo. New York: Random, 1918.
McGrath, Stacy. "Ecological Anthropology." Anthropological Theories: A Guide
Prepared by Students for Students. 19 Oct. 2001. U. of Alabama. 18 Jan. 2005
<http://www.as.ua.edu/ant/Faculty/Murphy/ecologic.htm>.
Rothenberg, Kelly. "Tattooed People as Taboo Figures in Modern Society."
1996. BME/Psyber City. 18 Jan. 2005 <http://www.bme.freeq.com/tattoo/
tattab.html>.
"Taboo." Occultopedia: Encyclopedia of Occult Sciences and Knowledge. Site created
and designed by Marcus V. Gay. 18 Jan. 2005 <http://www.occultopedia.com/t/
taboo.htm>.
Students will individually
insert parenthetical citations.
•All regular text came from the first source on the Works Cited page.
•All italicized text came from the second source on the Works Cited page.
•All bolded text came from the third source on the Works Cited page.
•All underlined text came from the fourth source on the Works Cited page.
Page Numbers: 6 65 114 43
Other classical composers had an
effect on Mendelssohn's music as
well. Mendelssohn quoted Mozart's
“Jupiter” Symphony in the ending of
his Die bieden Padagogen.
Beethoven's instrumental technique
was a powerful influence on
Mendelsssohn's works for a full
symphony orchestra.
And
Mendelssohn's personal stylistic
traits show a freer adaptation of
many other classical forms
So how can we classify Felix
Mendelssohn's work? His style is
somewhat Romantic, fairly neoClassical, and wholly his own.
Harris referred to him as a “Romantic
Classicist”. This melding of styles is
what made his music what it is.
Works Cited
“Bach, Johann Sebastian.” Encyclopedia
Britannica. vol I. 15 ed.
Kohler, Karl-Heinz. “Mendelssohn, Felix.” The New
Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. vol
12. Ed. Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan
Publishers Limited, 1980.
Wohlfarth, Hannsdieter. Johann Sebastian Bach.
Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984.
“Zelter, Carl Friedrich.” Encyclopedia Britannica.
vol X. 15 ed.
Sources: Writing Well: Sample Term Papers |
Infoplease.com
http://www.infoplease.com/cig/writingwell/sample-termpapers.html#ixzz2zEp9gvOL
Exit Ticket Rubric
Excellent-4
• More than four
parenthetical citations
are embedded in the
portion of the
research paper you
email to your teacher.
• All citations conform
to MLA formatting.
Unacceptable-0
Advancing-3
Needs Work-2
• Three or four
parenthetical citations
are embedded in the
portion of the
research paper you
email to your teacher.
• All citations conform
to MLA formatting.
• Fewer than three
parenthetical citations
are embedded in the
portion of the
research paper you
email to your teacher.
• All citations conform to
MLA formatting.
The student was off-task; the student did not
immediately ask for assistance; the student did not
follow classroom rules and procedures; the student
26
violated the learning environment of others.
Your exit ticket today will be the emailed copy of
your research paper text with at least three
parenthetical MLA citations embedded within
the text.
27