Objective: Understand the Applications of Genetic Engineering
New Words: Transgenic Organisms, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)
Objective: Understand the Applications of Genetic Engineering
New Words: Transgenic Organisms, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)
1. What is genetic engineering?
Genetic engineering is a technique that makes it possible to transfer DNA
sequences from one organism to another
2. What are transgenic organisms?
Organisms that contain genes from other species
Examples of Transgenic organisms
Transgenic
microorganisms
Transgenic
plants
Transgenic
animals
Objective: Understand the Applications of Genetic Engineering
New Words: Transgenic Organisms, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)
Transgenic microorganisms
3. Why to use transgenic bacteria?
They reproduce rapidly and are easy to grow
4. How do humans benefit from transgenic microorganisms?
Production of insulin, growth hormone, and clotting factor
5. What do we expect to achieve in the future?
Production of
•Substances to fight cancer
•Plastics
•Synthetic fibers
Objective: Understand How to Transform Bacteria
New Words: Transgenic Organisms, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)
1. Remove the DNA from a human body cell,
then isolate the human gene of insulin using
restriction enzymes.
3. Bind the plasmid with the
human gene to form a
recombinant plasmid. Then
the recombinant plasmid
is re-inserted back into the
bacterium
How to Transform Bacteria?
2. Remove a plasmid from a bacterium
and treated with the same
restriction enzymes.
4. The recombinant plasmid
replicates and a large
number of identical bacteria
are cloned. They produce
human insulin.
Objective: Understand the Applications of Genetic Engineering
New Words: Transgenic Organisms, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)
Transgenic Plants
6. What are transgenic plants?
Plants that contain genes from other species
7. How do humans benefit from transgenic plants?
Transgenic Corn
• Increase crop productivity
• Corps able to resist weed-killing chemicals
•Crops that produce a natural insecticide, not need to spray pesticides
Objective: Understand the Applications of Genetic Engineering
New Words: Transgenic Organisms, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)
Golden Rice
Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)
• Golden rice is a variety of rice produce through genetic engineering to include vitamin
in the edible parts of rice.
• Golden rice was developed as a fortified food to be used in areas where there is a
shortage of dietary vitamin A.
• No variety is currently available for human consumption. Although golden rice was
developed as a humanitarian tool, it has met with significant opposition from
environmental and anti-globalization activists
Objective: Understand the Applications of Genetic Engineering
New Words: Transgenic Organisms, GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms)
Transgenic Animals
8. What are transgenic animals?
Animals that contain genes from other species
9. How do humans benefit?
• Increase meat productivity
•Livestock with extra copies of growth hormone
genes to grow faster and produce leaner meat
• Transgenic chickens resistant to bacterial
infections
10. What do we expect to achieve in the future from
transgenic animals?