Biotechnology
Review
What are 2 CONS about
biotechnology?
•Unpredictable side affect
•High prices
•Biological weapons
•Food allergens
GMO’s are also called
________
•Transgenic organisms
True or False: Labeling of
genetically modified foods
can best be described as
voluntary
•TRUE
List 2 examples of transgenic
PLANTS
•Golden rice
•Round up ready corn/soybeans
•Venomous cabbage
•Banana vaccine
What animal was the first to
be cloned?
•A Sheep
When are stem cells
extracted
•5 days after zygote starts
dividing
The mapping and sequencing
of all the genes in the human
genome that was completed in
2003 is known as the ____
•Human Genome Project (HGP)
Fragments of DNA that has
been cut with restriction
enzymes & have unpaired
nucleotides at the ends are
called _____________
•Sticky Ends
______enzymes cut specific
sequences of DNA
•Restriction
__________is the total DNA
in the nucleus of each cell
•Genome
_________DNA refers to
the DNA from the two
different organisms
•Recombinant
What enzyme chemically links
(bonds) DNA fragments
together?
•DNA Ligase
_______ is a DNA molecule
used to carry a gene of
interest from one organism to
another
•Vector
The process of rejoining cut
fragments of DNA is called
__________.
•Gene splicing
A __________ is a small
ring of DNA in a bacterium
•plasmid
When a "normal" gene is
inserted into the genome to
replace an "abnormal,"
disease-causing gene, this is
called __________
•Gene therapy
What are 2 PROS about
biotechnology?
•Environmentally friendly
products
•Possible cures for diseases
•New vaccines & medicines
•Bigger livestock
What is the process of
creating genetically
IDENTICAL copies of
DNA/organisms called?
•Cloning
_______ are cells used to
generate virtually any type of
specialized cell in the human
body.
•Stem cells
______ are organisms with
artificially altered DNA; also
called transgenic organisms
•Genetically Modified
Organisms (GMO)
What was the name of the
first cloned organism?
•Dolly
How many restriction
enzymes are needed to make
recombinant DNA?
•1
Foods that contain an added
gene sequence; foods that
have a deleted gene
sequence; animal products
from animals fed GM feed;
products produced by GM
organisms are all considered
___________
•Genetically modified foods
_______ are organisms that
contain functional
recombinant DNA
•Transgenic organisms
List 1 PRO about genetically
modified FOODS.
• Reduced use of chemical pesticides
• Less runoff of chemicals into waterways
• Greater use of farming practices that
prevent soil erosion
• Higher profits for farmers
• Less fungal contamination
• More nutritious foods
• Easing of world hunger
• Improved crop quality
What are the 2 most
commonly used vector?
•Plasmids, Viruses
Provide an example of how
humans have used selective
breeding.
•Dog Breeds
•Cat Breeds
•Horse Breeds
List 2 examples of transgenic
ANIMALS
•Glow fish
•Fast-Growing salmon
•Enviro-Pig
•Less Flatulent Cows
List a risk factor associated
with gene therapy.
•Unwanted immune response
•Targeting wrong cells
•Infection caused by viruses
•Cause tumors
True or False: The Food and
Drug Administration has
approved human gene therapy
products for sale?
•FALSE
List 1 CON about genetically
modified FOODS.
• Insects might develop resistance to
pesticide-producing GM crops
• Herbicide-tolerant crops may crosspollinate weeds, resulting in “super
weeds”
• Soil is being saturated with toxins
• Certain gene products may be allergens
• Unintended harm to wildlife and
beneficial insects
_____________ is the
process by which desired
traits of certain plants and
animals are selected and
passed on to their future
generations.
•Selective Breeding