Respiratory System Chapter 4 Perry C. Hanavan, Au.D. Question What is the function the respiratory system? A. Absorb moisture B. Breathing C. Speech D. All the above E. B and C Function • Life support – Exchange CO2 with O2 • Speech – Energy source Question What is the thorax? A. Mouth B. Lungs C. Chest D. Abdomen E. Throat Question What is the function of the alveoli? A. Exchange N2 with O2 B. Exchange CO2 with O2 C. Exchange CO2 with H20 D. Exchange N2 with H2O2 E. None of these make sense? Question Which lung do you think might be larger? A. Right B. Left C. Neither D. Does it matter Question What is the major muscle of respiration? A. Internal intercostals B. External intercostals C. Neck muscles D. Diaphragm E. Internal respiratory muscle Basic Components • Thoracic cavity – Rib cage – Spinal column • Neck – Muscles – Pharynx – Larynx • Abdomen – Muscles – Viscera Spinal Column • Spinal Column • Abnormal column Thorax • • • • • Gross Anatomy X-ray of thorax Pleura Breathing animations Respiratory muscles Lungs • • • • • Gross Anatomy Alveoli Alveoli Air Pressure Lung Model Breathing Healthy vs. Unhealthy Lungs Spirometer Question Can you exhale all the air in your lungs? True False Lung Volumes & Capacities Lung Volumes: •TV •IRV •ERV •RV Lung Capacities: •VC •FRC •TLC Question The air you normally breath in and out is: A. VC B. TV C. IRV D. TLC Question All the air in you lungs is: A. VC B. TV C. IRV D. TLC Lung Volumes and Vital Capacity Speech Breathing • More complex than quiet breathing – Coordination of breathing with linguistic utterances • Appropriate place to inhale • Appropriate amount of air to inhale & exhale • Prosodic variations Question Average number of breaths per minute in an adult: A. 40-60 B. 20-40 C. 12-18 D. 1-12 E. More than 60 Lung Developmental Changes Lung Developmental Changes Lung Developmental Changes Life vs. Speech Breathing • Life – – – – • Speech Nose Inhale 40% of time Exhale 60% of time 10 % of vital capacity – Muscles of thorax and diaphragm exhale inhale – – – – Mouth Inhale 10% of time Exhale 90% of time 20-25 % of vital capacity – Thoracic and abdominal muscles exhale in In speech breathing we inhale: A. 10 percent of the time B. 40 percent of the time C. 60 percent of the time D. 90 percent of the time E. 50 percent of the time In life breathing we exhale: A. 10 percent of the time B. 60 percent of the time C. 40 percent of the time D. 90 percent of the time E. 50 percent of the time Patterns Measurement Devices • Pneumatochograph used to measure airflow • Plethysmograph suit monitors the movements of both the abdomen and ribcage • Magnetometer is two coils of wire which generate an electromagnetic field Diseases • • • • • • Parkinson's disease Cerebellar disease Cerebral palsy Mechanical ventilation Voice problems Hearing problems