HONORS PHYSICS
SPRING FINAL EXAM REVIEW
Your final exam will consist of 15 math problems worth 5 points each. You must work problems from every unit;
however, you will get a choice of problems. For example, there will be 5 problems listed for chapters 12 and 13; you
choose 2 or 3 of them to work. In addition there will be a combination of 25 multiple choice, true/false, and fill in the
blank questions worth one point each. You will be allowed to use a page with all the formulas from this semester. You
do not have to memorize any formula except converting mass to weight and conversions such as grams to kilograms.
MATH PROBLEMS
CHAPTERS 12-13
some constants you might need
heat of fusion of water
Hf = 3.34x105 J/kg
heat of vaporization of water
Hv = 2.26x106 J/kg
specific heat of ice
C = 2060 J/kg°C
specific heat of steam
C = 2020 J/kg°C
1. A 425-gram brass block at 89.8C is placed in 930 grams of water at 23.1C. No heat is lost to the container or to the
surroundings. Find the final temperature of the mixture. (The specific heat of brass is 376 J/kg°C).
2. A box weighs 52.8 N in air, and each side of the box is 14.7 cm long. What is the apparent weight of the box
submerged in water? (The density of water is 1000 kg/m3).
3. A 0.75-kg sample of methanol is heated from 34°C until it is completely vaporized. A total of 715 kJ is used. If the
boiling point of methanol is 65°C, what is the heat of vaporization of methanol? (The specific heat of methanol is
2450 J/kgC).
4. A mechanic exerts a force of 68 N on a 0.015 m2 hydraulic piston to lift a small automobile. The piston that the
automobile sits on has a radius of 87 cm. What is the mass of the automobile?
5. A 0.469-kg mass of aluminum at 61.3C is placed in 0.324 kg of water at 22.5C. The system reaches a final
temperature of 31.7C. What is the specific heat of the aluminum?
6. Suppose you are camping in the mountains. You need to melt 175 g of snow at -13°C and heat it to 72.5°C to make
how hot cocoa. How much heat will be needed?
7. Some pots and pans are made of aluminum while others are made of copper. To learn why, compare aluminum pots
to copper pots. Assume that 500 J of heat is added to each type of pot. Each pot has a mass of 2.2 kg.
a. How much does the temperature of the aluminum pot increase? (specific heat = 897 J/kgC)
b. How much does the temperature of the copper pot increase? (specific heat = 385 J/kgC)
c. Which type of pot is better for cooking?
8. A 694-g mass of copper at 72.5C is placed in 1.250kg of water at 20.2C. The system reaches a final temperature of
22.7C. What is the specific heat of the copper?
9. A hydraulic stamping machine is used to apply large forces to metal sheets to convert them into various shapes. One
such machine has cylindrical pistons; the smaller piston has an area of 1.67x10-4 m2, and the larger piston has a
radius of 0.20 m. A force of 841 N is applied to the smaller piston. Calculate the output force that acts on the sheets
through the larger piston.
10. Suppose you are camping in the mountains. You need to melt 192 g of snow at -8°C and heat it to 74.5°C to make
how hot cocoa. How much heat will be needed?
11. The melting point of a solid is 90.0°C. If 58.75 kJ of heat is required to change 2.5 kg of this solid at 40.0°C to a
liquid, what is the heat of fusion of this substance? The specific heat of the solid is 390 J/kgC.
12. A box has a mass of 6.9 kg, and a volume of 3.25x10-3 m3. What is the apparent weight of the box submerged in
water? (The density of water is 1000 kg/m3).
13. A 436-gram piece of silver at 102.3C is placed in 985 grams of water at 21.4C. No heat is lost to the container or to
the surroundings. Find the final temperature of the mixture. (The specific heat of silver is 235 J/kg°C).
CHAPTERS 14-15
Your chapters 14-15 test was take-home. Study problems from it. Below is the Regular Physics version of this unit.
1. A lifeguard on a beach observes that waves have a speed of 3.75 m/s and a distance of 2.80 m between wave crests.
a. What is the period of the wave motion?
b. What is the frequency of the waves?
2. The speed of a radio wave is 3x108 m/s. If the wave’s frequency is 103.7 MHz,
a. what is the period?
b. what is the wavelength?
3. In the “Speed of Sound in Air” lab, you worked with a closed pipe.
a. If you calculated a wavelength of 57.6 cm, what would the second resonating length of the pipe have been?
b. Next, you strike a tuning fork in front of an open pipe. If the third resonating length occurs at 3.6 m, what is the
wavelength of the note played?
4. You are listening to an outdoor concert on a warm evening when the temperature is 26.8°C. The sound of a
wavelength of 0.421 m is emitted by a flute on the stage 115 m from where you are standing.
a. What is the speed of sound in air at the temperature indicated?
b. What is the time elapsed before you hear the sound emitted from the stage?
5. On a planet where the gravitational acceleration is four times g on Earth, a pendulum swings back and forth with a
period of 1.35 s. What is the length of the pendulum?
6. A spring stretches by 32 cm when a block is suspended from its end. The elastic potential energy stored in the spring
is 6.3 J when it is stretched this far.
a. Find the spring constant.
b. Find the mass of the block.
7. You hear the siren of a fire engine as you stand on the side of the road. As it approaches, the siren which broadcasts
at a frequency of 546 Hz is heard by you as being 558 Hz. How fast is the fire engine traveling? The temperature of
the air is 19.5C.
8. A train moves at 26.4 m/s and blows a horn with a frequency of 278 Hz. The temperature of the air is 22.5˚C. Find
the frequency heard by
a. an observer the train moves toward
b. an observer the train moves away from
9. On a planet with an unknown value of g, the period of a 84 cm-long pendulum is 2.15 s. What is the value of g for
this planet?
10. Spring A with a spring constant of 268 N/m is stretched by a distance 0.14 m when a block is suspended from its end.
An object is suspended from another spring B with a spring constant of 132 N/m.
a. If the elastic potential energy in both the springs is the same, how far does spring B stretch?
b. What is the restoring force when spring B is stretched that distance?
11. You are listening to an outdoor concert on a cool evening when the temperature is 16.5°C. The sound of a
wavelength of 0.490 m is emitted by a flute on the stage 98.5 m from where you are standing.
a. What is the speed of sound in air at the temperature indicated?
b. What is the time elapsed before you hear the sound emitted from the stage?
12. In the “Speed of Sound in Air” lab, you worked with a closed pipe.
a. If you calculated a wavelength of 84.0 cm, what would the second resonating length of the pipe have been?
b. Next, you strike a tuning fork in front of an open pipe. If the third resonating length occurs at 3.96 m, what is
the wavelength of the note played?
13. The sound a mosquito makes is produced when it beats its wings at the average frequency of 625 wing beats per
second. Assume sound travels at 343.5 m/s.
a. What is the wavelength of the sound waves produced by the mosquito?
b. What is the period of the waves?
14. The speed of a radio wave is 3x108 m/s. If the wave’s frequency is 98.7 MHz,
a. What is the period?
b. What is the wavelength?
CHAPTERS 16,18
1. A light source has a luminous flux of 1620 lumens.
a. What is the luminous intensity of the source?
b. How close to an object should it be placed in order to produce an illuminance of 325 lx?
2. The speed of light in sapphire is 1.69 x 108 m/s. A ray of light passes from water (n = 1.33) into the sapphire at an
angle of 53 to the surface. At what angle is the ray refracted?
3. You should know the speed of light. Use it to answer the following questions.
a. What is the frequency of violet light?
b. The light from a comet takes 3.79 s to reach the Earth. How far away is the comet?
4. A beam of light strikes the flat, glass side of a water-filled aquarium at an angle of 37.2° to the normal. (nglass = 1.51;
nwater = 1.33)
a. At what angle does the beam enter the glass?
b. At what angle does the beam enter the water?
5. A home movie projector has an internal lamp with a luminous flux of 1500 lm.
a. How far from the screen should the projector be positioned to obtain a screen illuminance of 3.32 lx?
b. What would be the luminous flux of the projector if it produced the same screen illuminance at 4.89 m from the
screen?
6. A beam of light passes from quartz (n=1.54) into acetone (n = 1.36).
a. Calculate the critical angle.
b. What is the speed of light in quartz?
7. You should know the speed of light. Use it to answer the following questions.
a. What is the frequency of red light?
b. A laser beam from the moon takes 1.29 s to reach the Earth. How far away is the moon?
8. You have a desk lamp with a bulb that produces 600.0 lm. The light source sits 40.0 cm above the surface of your
desk.
a. What is the illumination on the surface of your desk?
b. The bulb burns out, and all you have as a replacement is a bulb that produces 1800 lm. How high above the desk
should you position the lamp to produce the same illumination as before?
c. After experimenting a bit, you find the same illumination comes from the overhead light 1.60 m above the
surface of your desk. What is the luminous flux of the overhead light?
d. What is the luminous intensity of the overhead light?
9. A beam of light traveling through water (n = 1.33) is incident upon an unknown type of glass at an angle of 38.5° to
the normal and is refracted at an angle of 33.6°. What is the speed of light in the unknown type of glass?
10. A point source of light placed 2.0 m vertically above a tabletop produces illuminance of 9.0x101 lx.
a. What is the luminous intensity of the light source?
b. If the height of the table is adjusted so that the source is now 1.5 m from the tabletop, what is the illuminance of
the tabletop?
11. A beam of light passing through flint glass is incident on water. The index of refraction of water is 1.33 and the index
of refraction of flint glass is 1.62.
a. What is the critical angle of light that passes from the flint glass to water?
b. What happens to the path of light if the angle of incidence is 60°?
c. Calculate the new critical angle if the flint glass is replaced by a diamond? The index of refraction of diamond is
2.42.
12. A ray of light from a region containing air (index of refraction n1 = 1.00) enters one end of an optical fiber at angle of
incidence θi, as shown in the figure below. The index of refraction of the optical fiber is n2 = 1.48.
a. If the angle of incidence at the end of the fiber is θi = 48.5°, what is the angle of reflection, θr, from the sidewall
of the fiber?
b. Optical fibers are surrounded by a shield known as cladding. The cladding has a slightly lower index of refraction
and is fused to the optical fiber making a completely reflective interface. Using the index of refraction of the
cladding (n = 1.42), show that at the sidewall of the fiber, internal reflection is total.
c. Is there an angle of incidence, θi < 90°, for which internal reflection from the sidewall is not total?
13. An engineer is assisting in the design of a new aquarium for the zoo. The biologists are concerned primarily about
the visibility of the fish behind the glass.
a. Due to the total internal reflection, the biologists require that the critical angle be at least 80.0° from the
normal. What must be the required index of refraction of the installed glass? The index of refraction of water is
1.33.
b. What would be the speed of light through the installed glass?
c. To use the glass specified, based on the capacity of the tank, the glass must be 15 cm thick. Considering both
water-glass and glass-air boundaries, show that the refracted angles are the same and, thus, the glass will not
cause distortion.
d. What happens to light from an object that is exactly perpendicular (θi = 0°) to the water-glass boundary?
14. A light source has a luminous flux of 1620 lumens.
a. What is the luminous intensity of the source?
b. How close to an object should it be placed in order to produce an illuminance of 325 lx?
15. The speed of light in sapphire is 1.69 x 108 m/s. A ray of light passes from water (n = 1.33) into the sapphire at an
angle of 53 to the surface. At what angle is the ray refracted?
16. You should know the speed of light. Use it to answer the following questions.
a. What is the frequency of violet light?
b. The light from a comet takes 3.79 s to reach the Earth. How far away is the comet?
17. A beam of light strikes the flat, glass side of a water-filled aquarium at an angle of 37.2° to the normal. (nglass = 1.51;
nwater = 1.33)
a. At what angle does the beam enter the glass?
b. At what angle does the beam enter the water?
18. A home movie projector has an internal lamp with a luminous flux of 1500 lm.
a. How far from the screen should the projector be positioned to obtain a screen illuminance of 3.32 lx?
b. What would be the luminous flux of the projector if it produced the same screen illuminance at 4.89 m from the
screen?
19. A beam of light passes from quartz (n=1.54) into acetone (n = 1.36).
a. Calculate the critical angle.
b. What is the speed of light in quartz?
20. You should know the speed of light. Use it to answer the following questions.
a. What is the frequency of red light?
b. A laser beam from the moon takes 1.29 s to reach the Earth. How far away is the moon?
21. You have a desk lamp with a bulb that produces 600.0 lm. The light source sits 40.0 cm above the surface of your
desk.
a. What is the illumination on the surface of your desk?
b. The bulb burns out, and all you have as a replacement is a bulb that produces 1800 lm. How high above the desk
should you position the lamp to produce the same illumination as before?
c. After experimenting a bit, you find the same illumination comes from the overhead light 1.60 m above the
surface of your desk. What is the luminous flux of the overhead light?
d. What is the luminous intensity of the overhead light?
22. A beam of light traveling through water (n = 1.33) is incident upon an unknown type of glass at an angle of 38.5° to
the normal and is refracted at an angle of 33.6°. What is the speed of light in the unknown type of glass?
23. A beam of light passing through flint glass is incident on water. The index of refraction of water is 1.33 and the index
of refraction of flint glass is 1.62.
a. What is the critical angle of light that passes from the flint glass to water?
b. What happens to the path of light if the angle of incidence is 60°?
c. Calculate the new critical angle if the flint glass is replaced by a diamond? The index of refraction of diamond is
2.42.
CHAPTERS 17-19
1. A spectrometer uses a grating with 6,250 lines/cm. Find the angle at which light with a wavelength of 485 nm has its
first-order bright band.
2. Monochromatic green light of wavelength 546 nm falls on a single slit with a width of 0.087 mm. The slit is located
92 cm from a screen. How far from the center of the central band is the first dark band?
3. Suppose the separation between two slits is 1.69x10-4 m and the screen is 83 cm from the slits. If monochromatic
violet light with a wavelength of 400 nm passes through the slits, how far from the central band will the first band of
violet light appear?
4. The convex lens of a copy machine has a focal length of 8.75 cm. If the image appears on a sheet of paper 23.6 cm
away, what is the magnification of the image?
5. Recall the lab we did on spherical mirrors; think about what the images looked like. An object 3.5 cm high is placed
in front of a concave mirror. The radius of curvature of the mirror is 14.8 cm, and an image is formed 6.7 cm in front
of the mirror.
a. How far away from the mirror is the object placed?
b. What is the height of the image?
6. An object is 54.2 cm in front of a convex mirror. The image appears 23.1 cm behind the mirror. What is the mirror’s
focal length?
7. An image in a concave mirror has a position of 10.0 cm. What is the radius of curvature of the mirror if it has a
magnification of -1/5?
8. A certain laser emits light with a wavelength of 696 nm. The laser is directed at a diffraction grating and a screen is
placed 0.900 m from the slits. The first-order bright line appears 36.5 mm from the central bright line. How many
lines/cm is this diffraction grating?
9. Recall the lab we did on spherical mirrors; think about what the images looked like. An object 3.2 cm high is placed
44.5 cm from a concave mirror. The radius of curvature of the mirror is 21.0 cm.
a. How far from the mirror is the image?
b. What is the height of the image?
10. An object is 68.7 cm in front of a convex mirror. The image appears 14.3 cm behind the mirror. What is the mirror’s
focal length?
11. The convex lens of a copy machine has a focal length of 9.75 cm. If the image appears on a sheet of paper 16.8 cm
away, what is the magnification of the image?
12. A spectrometer uses a grating with 6,200 lines/cm. Find the angle at which light with a wavelength of 574 nm has its
first-order bright band.
13. A monochromatic light passes through a single slit with a width of 0.084 mm and falls on a screen that is 78 cm
away. If the distance from the center of the central band to the center of the first dark band is 5.9x10-3 m, what is
the wavelength of the light?
14. Monochromatic light of a certain wavelength is incident upon two slits separated by 24.5 m. A screen is placed
1.17 m away from the slits. The distance to the first-order bright line is 32.9 mm. What is the wavelength of the
light?
CHAPTERS 20-22
SOME NUMBERS YOU MIGHT NEED:
PARTICLE
electron
proton
neutron
CHARGE
–1.6x10-19 C
+1.6x10-19 C
0
MASS
9.1x10-31 kg
1.67x10-27 kg
1.67x10-27 kg
CONSTANTS
K = 9.0x109 Nm2/C2
G = 6.67x10-11 Nm2/kg2
1. A current of 4.53 A flowed in a copper wire for 17.6 s. How many coulombs of charge passed through the wire in this
time?
2. A 60-W light bulb is connected across an electric potential difference of 115 V.
a. What is the current through the light bulb?
b. What is the resistance of the light bulb?
3. How far apart will two electrons need to be to exert a repulsive force equal to the weight of one of the electrons?
4. A radar technician is designing a circuit for a piece of equipment and needs a capacitor of exactly 145 µF.
a. When the circuit is in use, this capacitor has a total charge of only 0.72x10-2 C. What is the potential difference
across this capacitor?
b. The plates of this capacitor are only 0.86x10-4 mm apart. What is the strength of the electric field between the
plates?
c. How much work is done moving a single electron from one plate to the other?
d. What is the force exerted on this electron by the electric field as it moves through the field?
e. When fully charged, what is the force exerted by one plate of the capacitor on the other?
5. How much charge is stored on a 220-nF parallel plate capacitor if the plates are 1.2x10-3 m apart and the electric
field between them is 2400 N/C?
6. Sphere A, with a charge of +8.0 C, is placed at a distance of 5.0 cm from another sphere B. The charge on sphere B
is –4.0 C and is located to the right of sphere A. A third sphere C is placed 4.0 cm beneath sphere A. The charge on
sphere C is +2.0 C. Determine the net force on sphere A.
7. Draw electric field lines between each of the following:
a. Two unlike charges of equal magnitude
b. Two oppositely charged plates
c. A positive charge and a negative charge having half the magnitude of the positive charge
d. Two like charges of equal magnitude
8. How far apart will two protons need to be to exert a repulsive force equal to the weight of one of the protons?
9. A radar technician is designing a circuit for a piece of equipment and needs a capacitor of exactly 120 µF.
a. When the circuit is in use, this capacitor has a total charge of only 0.50x10-2 C. What is the potential difference
across this capacitor?
b. The plates of this capacitor are only 0.625 mm apart. What is the strength of the electric field between the
plates?
c. How much work is done moving a single electron from one plate to the other?
d. What is the force exerted on this electron by the electric field as it moves through the field?
e. When fully charged, what is the force exerted by one plate of the capacitor on the other?
10. A current of 5.00 A flowed in a copper wire for 20.0 s. How many coulombs of charge passed through the wire in
this time?
11. A small electric furnace that expends 2.00 kW of power is connected across an electric potential difference of 120 V.
a. What is the current in the circuit?
b. What is the resistance of the furnace?
12. A 5.9x10-7 F capacitor is able to store 0.72 nC of charge with an electric field strength of 0.33 N/C between its pates.
How far apart are these plates?
CHAPTERS 23-24
1. Two resistors are connected in series to a 9.0-V battery. If one resistor has a resistance of 24  and the voltage drop
across the other resistor must be 4.0 V,
a. What is the current through the circuit?
b. What is the resistance of the second resistor?
2. Two resistors are connected in parallel to a 3.0-V battery. The first resistor is marked as 150  but the second
resistor is unmarked and unknown. Using an ammeter, you measure the current passing through the unknown
resistor as 45.0 mA.
a. What is the value of the second resistor?
b. What is the current passing through the 150- resistor?
c. What is the total current passing through this battery?
3. A metallic wire 80 cm long has a resistance of 3.0  when connected to a 12-V battery. This current-carrying wire is
oriented at right angles to a uniform magnetic field of 0.25 T. Calculate the strength of the force exerted on the
wire.
4. A 10.0- resistor is connected in series with a 90.0- resistor. This arrangement is connected in parallel with
another series combination of two resistors of 10.0  each. This entire combination is connected across a 135-V
battery.
a. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit?
b. What is the total current passing through the circuit?
c. What is the power dissipated by the circuit?
5. An electron experiences a force of 2.9x10-11 N when it travels at a right angle to a 2.1-T magnetic field. What is the
velocity of the electron? (HINT: the charge of an electron is -1.6x10-19 C)
6. An air conditioner with a resistance of 50.0  and a computer with a resistance of 20.0  are connected in parallel
to a 130.0-V source through a 2.0- resistor in series.
a. What is the total current passing through the circuit if the computer is turned off?
b. Assume the air conditioner is running and the computer is turned on. What is the total current passing through
the circuit if the air conditioner is running and the computer is turned on?
7. A light bulb designed to dissipate 60 W when it is connected to a 130-V source is connected in a circuit with a 1925W, 130-V hot plate and an 850-W, 130-V coffee maker. The circuit is designed so that if the light bulb burns out, the
other appliances continue to operate as intended.
a. Draw a schematic diagram that shows the components in a complete circuit protected by a 20-A circuit breaker.
(HINTS: Draw a resistor as the symbol for the hot plate and coffee maker; draw an ammeter as the circuit
breaker).
b. Could the three appliances be operated simultaneously on a circuit protected by a 20-A circuit breaker? (HINT:
find the current running through the light bulb, the hot plate, and the coffee maker).
c. What is the resistance of each device?
d. What is the equivalent resistance of the light bulb and the appliances in this circuit?
8. What is the equivalent resistance of the resistors in the circuit as shown in the figure below?
9. What is the equivalent resistance of the resistors in the circuit as shown in the figure below?
10. Two resistors are connected in series to a 12.0-V battery. If one resistor has a resistance of 32  and the voltage
drop across the other resistor must be 4.0 V,
a. What is the current through the circuit?
b. What is the resistance of the second resistor?
11. Two resistors are connected in parallel to a 6.0-V battery. The first resistor is marked as 130  but the second
resistor is unmarked and unknown. Using an ammeter, you measure the current passing through the unknown
resistor as 52.0 mA.
a. What is the value of the second resistor?
b. What is the current passing through the 130- resistor?
c. What is the total current passing through this battery?
12. A 15.0- resistor is connected in series with a 60.0- resistor. This arrangement is connected in parallel with
another series combination of two resistors of 25.0  each. This entire combination is connected across a 145-V
battery.
a. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit?
b. What is the total current passing through the circuit?
c. What is the power dissipated by the circuit?
13. A metallic wire 75 cm long has a resistance of 2.5  when connected to a 9-V battery. This current-carrying wire is
oriented at right angles to a uniform magnetic field of 0.40 T. Calculate the strength of the force exerted on the
wire.
14. A proton experiences a force of 6.9x10-15 N when it travels at a right angle to a 1.35-T magnetic field. What is the
velocity of the proton? (HINT: the charge of a proton is +1.6x10-19 C)
15. An air conditioner with a resistance of 65.0  and a computer with a resistance of 30.0  are connected in parallel
to a 120.0-V source through a 4.0- resistor in series.
a. What is the total current passing through the circuit if the computer is turned off?
b. Assume the air conditioner is running and the computer is turned on. What is the total current passing through
the circuit if the air conditioner is running and the computer is turned on?
16. A light bulb designed to dissipate 60 W when it is connected to a 130-V source is connected in a circuit with a 1925W, 130-V hot plate and an 850-W, 130-V coffee maker. The circuit is designed so that if the light bulb burns out, the
other appliances continue to operate as intended.
a. Draw a schematic diagram that shows the components in a complete circuit protected by a 20-A circuit breaker.
(HINTS: Draw a resistor as the symbol for the hot plate and coffee maker; draw an ammeter as the circuit
breaker).
b. Could the three appliances be operated simultaneously on a circuit protected by a 20-A circuit breaker? (HINT:
find the current running through the light bulb, the hot plate, and the coffee maker).
c. What is the resistance of each device?
d. What is the equivalent resistance of the light bulb and the appliances in this circuit?
SHORT ANSWER
CHAPTERS 12-13
1. List or draw the correct order of the five steps of a power plant.
2.
Next to each statement, write “Archimedes”, “Bernoulli”, or “Pascal” to indicate whose principle best applies to the
situation.
a. ______________________________ Designing the shape of a racecar so it will travel faster and be more fuel
efficient.
b. ______________________________ A fish uses an air bladder to move up and down in the water.
c. ______________________________ Squeezing one end of a balloon makes the other end larger.
d. ______________________________ Using the Heimlich maneuver to dislodge a foreign object caught in a
person’s throat.
e. ______________________________ A person feels lighter in water than on land.
f. ______________________________ A camper pumps up an air mattress with a foot pump.
g. ______________________________ A river narrows as it enters a gorge. As the water speeds up, the water
pressure decreases.
h. ______________________________ A scientist determines the volume of an irregular object by placing it in
water.
i. ______________________________ Running with a kite to get it to fly in the air.
j. ______________________________ Rolling a toothpaste tube from the bottom squeezes toothpaste from the
tube.
CHAPTERS 14-15
This unit had no short answer questions.
CHAPTERS 16,18
This unit had no short answer questions.
CHAPTERS 17-19
1. What is the function of the lens in the eye?
2. What is nearsightedness and how is it corrected?
3. What is farsightedness and how is it corrected?
4. How does the lens change shape? What is this process called?
5. How does a convex lens correct vision?
CHAPTERS 20-22
1. Draw electric field lines between each of the following:
a. Two unlike charges of equal magnitude
b. Two oppositely charged plates
c. A positive charge and a negative charge having half the magnitude of the positive charge
d. Two like charges of equal magnitude
2. Draw schematic diagrams for the electric circuit components listed:
a. 3 batteries and a voltmeter
b. 1 battery, a resistor, and an ammeter
c. 2 batteries, a capacitor and a light bulb
3. What are the units of voltage in terms of m, kg, s, and C? You must show all the steps (substitutions) to get credit.
CHAPTERS 23-24
1. Should an ammeter or a voltmeter have a high resistance?
2. Should an ammeter or a voltmeter have a low resistance?
3. A voltmeter should be connected in ____________________________.
4. An ammeter should be connected in _____________________________.
5. ________________________________________ - detects small differences in current, thereby preventing
dangerous shocks
6. ________________________________________ - automatic switch that opens when the current reaches some set
value
7. ________________________________________ - occurs when a circuit is formed that has a very low resistance
(note: low resistance causes large current)
8. ________________________________________ - short piece of metal that melts when too large a current passes
through it
9. ________________________________________ In the preceding blank, write the name of the term that describes
the following: The wire coil of an electric motor, made up of many loops mounted on an axle or shaft; torque on this
device (and the motor’s resultant speed) is controlled by varying the current through the motor.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
CHAPTERS 12-13
1. True or False: When a warmer object is in contact with a colder object, the heat flows from the colder object to the
warmer one.
2. Running with a kite to get it to fly in the air is an application of whose principle?
3.
Which of the following has more entropy, apple juice or an apple?
4.
“An immersed object is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid” describes whose principle?
5. Equal masses of silver (C = 235 J/kgoC) and iron (C = 450 J/kgoC) are heated to the same temperature. The pieces of
metal are placed on a block of ice. Which metal melts more ice?
6. The liquid most commonly used in barometers is
7. What percent of an iceberg shows above the water? Use the density of ice as ice = 920 kg/m3 and the density of sea
water as water = 1030 kg/m3.
8. What are the two main sources of thermal pollution?
9. The buoyant force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to
10. Which of the following is needed to run an efficient heat engine, a high temperature or a change in temperature?
11. A rectangular box is resting on a table such that the smaller end is touching the table. The box is rotated so its
largest side is now on the table. What has happened to the pressure on the table?
12. A heat engine requires a way to convert thermal energy to _____.
13. What are the three ways to state the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
14. The atmospheric pressure at sea level is _____ per square inch.
15. True or False: The temperature of cities is warmer than the temperature of surrounding areas.
16. 5000 J of heat is supplied in one minute to 60 g of a liquid at its boiling point of 85°C to convert it completely to
vapor. What is the heat of vaporization of the liquid?
17. What is the size of the buoyant force that acts on a floating ball that normally weighs 10.0 N?
18. True or False: A container’s shape affects the pressure inside the container.
19. A fish uses an air bladder to move up and down in the water. This is an application of whose principle?
20. Is there more pressure at the top of a mountain 1000 meters tall or at the top of a mountain 1500 meters tall?
21. When a substance freezes, is energy absorbed or released by the substance?
22. A person with a mass of 74.6 kg stands on one foot. If the area of the person’s foot is 0.0152 m 2, what pressure,
approximately, does the person exert on the floor?
23. In a heat engine, work is done by _____ of heated substances.
24. A Pascal is equal to
25. “The greater the speed of a fluid, the less pressure it exerts on the walls of a stationary surface” describes whose
principle?
26. List the correct order of the five steps of a power plant.
27. What are the three ways to state the First Law of Thermodynamics?
28. A solid is heated at a constant rate until it reaches the vapor state. The temperature of the substance changes with
time as shown in the graph below. Which part(s) of the graph indicate(s) that the substance exists in solid-liquid and
liquid-vapor state?
29. A camper pumps up an air mattress with a foot pump. This is an application of whose principle?
30. Free diving is a sport in which the contestants attempt to reach the greatest depth possible underwater without
using supplemental oxygen. The world record for free diving is 85 m. What is the pressure of water at this depth?
(The density of water is 1000 kg/m3).
CHAPTERS 14-15
1. Motion in which the restoring force varies linearly with the displacement is called
2. Suppose an astronaut carries a pendulum to the moon. The period of the pendulum would be _____ on the moon
as on Earth. (Assume the length remains constant).
3. When playing a guitar, what happens to the frequency of the beats as you adjust the second string further out of
tune?
4. What is the potential energy from 0 to 8 cm according to the force vs. displacement graph below?
10
9
8
Force (N)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Spring Extension (cm)
5. The number of complete vibrations (or oscillations) per second is the
6. As a race car approaches a stationary observer, the driver increases the speed of the car. How does the speed of
sound change as the car approaches the observer?
7. What is the angle of reflection for the following picture?
surface
60°
8. Complete the following statement from your notes on resonance: “When two objects have the same natural _____
of vibration, _____ can be passed between them.”
9. When waves bend around and behind an obstacle, ______ occurs.
10. A grandfather clock keeps time using a pendulum. Which will be true of the clock if the pendulum is shortened?
11. Resonance increases the _____ of a vibration by repeatedly applying a small external _____ at the same natural
frequency.
12. What is the purpose of resonance in musical instruments?
13. As a race car approaches a stationary observer, the frequency of the sound emitted by the car _____.
14. One tuning fork of frequency 483 Hz and a second tuning fork of frequency 480 Hz are struck simultaneously. What
is the beat frequency produced?
15. Which pair of waves would result in total destructive interference when superimposed?
16. A pulse with an amplitude of 0.53 m travels to the right along a rope. Another pulse, with an amplitude of –0.24 m,
travels to the left along the same rope. The two pulses approach each other. What is the amplitude of the rope at
the point where the midpoints of the pulses pass each other?
17. The frequency of the sound heard by an observer _____ as a race car moves away from the observer.
18. The turning back of waves due to an abrupt change in the medium describes
19. Would “the wave” performed at sporting events (assuming it only makes it around the stadium one time) would be
an example of a wave train or a pulse?
20. What is the spring constant from 0 to 8 cm according to the force vs. displacement graph below?
10
9
8
Force (N)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Spring Extension (cm)
21. In the Doppler Effect, when a source of sound moves toward a stationary observer, what happens to the
wavelength?
22. The shortest time interval during which wave motion repeats itself is the
23. Sound is a(n) _____ wave.
24. The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position is the
25. A wave in which the medium moves perpendicular to the direction the wave travels is called
26. The bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another is
27. As the wavelength of a sound wave decreases (assume the speed of the wave is kept constant), the pitch will
CHAPTERS 16 & 18
1. Illumination is measured in
2. What color will a pair of magenta shoes appear to be when illuminated by blue and red light?
3. When a light ray passes from water (n = 1.33) into glycerine (n = 1.473) at an angle of 58, its path is
4. In an oil slick, the third-order color band is yellow (λ=589 nm). What is the thickness of the thin film where this color
occurs?
5. Is a stained glass window described as transparent, translucent, or opaque?
6. The three secondary colors used to print a color photo are
7. When light travels from a more dense medium to a less dense medium at an angle so great that there is no refracted
ray, _____ occurs.
8. When cyan is taken out of white light, the color that remains is
9. When red light is compared with violet light
a. both have the same frequency
b. both have the same wavelength
c. both travel at the same speed
d. red light travels faster than violet light
10. Luminous flux is measured in
11. The spectrum of colors produced by an oil film on water is due to the
12. The incident angle that causes the refracted ray to lie along the boundary between two media is called the
13. Is there a critical angle for light traveling from ethyl alcohol (n = 1.36) to lucite (n = 1.50)?
14. The separation of white light into a spectrum of colors as seen in a rainbow is called
15. The sun is visible over the horizon before sunrise because of
16. If a light source is moved from 6 meters away from an object to 2 meters away from the object, the illuminance on
that object will
17. The wavelength of red light is
18. Light is a(n) _____ wave.
19. Does a black sweater absorb or reflect all colors of light?
20. Luminous intensity is measured in
21. The rate at which light is emitted from a light bulb is called
22. The symbol for illumination is
23. What color light must be combined with red light to make white light?
24. True or False: Light requires a medium through which to travel.
25. What component of light gets through the polarizer in the picture below?
26. Which object is a luminous body? Which object is an illuminated body?
a. light bulb, the moon
b. television screen, laser
c. laser, television screen
d. the moon, light bulb
27. A ray of light travels from air into water at an angle with the surface of 52 degrees. What is the angle of incidence?
28. Two sheets of polarizing film are placed in front of a source of unpolarized light such that no light is transmitted. If
one of the polaroid sheets is now rotated through 180°, in what manner does the intensity of light change?
29. The symbol for luminous flux is
31. Why is an orange shirt orange?
32. True or False: A red ball is red because it has absorbed red light.
33. True or False: Light reflected from a glass surface is polarized along the plane perpendicular to the glass surface.
34. True or False: The amount of light that passes through two polarizing filters depends on the angle between their
polarizing axes.
35. True or False: Red light has a longer wavelength than blue light.
36. When yellow is taken out of white light, the color that remains is
37. True or False: Total internal reflection occurs when light moves from an area of higher index of refraction to one of
lower index and strikes the boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle.
38. The distance of an illuminated object from its light source is decreased to 1/3 while the luminous flux remains
constant. What happens to the illuminance on the object?
39. What are some ways to exactly double the illuminance on an object?
40. The yellow color of a canary shown on a conventional computer monitor is produced by the addition of what colors
of light?
41. When magenta is taken out of white light, the color that remains is
42. True or False: More light is transmitted through a translucent material than through an opaque material.
43. The figure shows the path of a ray of light passing through three layers. Use information in the table to answer the
question.
Which of these list, from 1 to 3, the materials that could make up each layer?
a. air, ethanol, air
b. ethanol, water, diamond
c. diamond, air, crown glass
d. water, crown glass, ethanol
44. What angle should two polarizing filters be held to one another to block all light from passing through them?
CHAPTERS 17-19
1. A smooth surface, such as a plane mirror, causes _____, in which parallel light rays are reflected in parallel.
2. If an object is located beyond the radius of curvature of a concave lens (more than 2F), the image formed will be
_____ than the object.
3. The dark bands of an interference pattern are caused by
4. The image formed when an object is placed inside the focal point (between F and A) of a convex lens is _____ than
the actual object.
5. A combination of two or more lenses with different indies of refraction (such as a concave lens with a convex lens)
that is used to minimize chromatic aberration is called _____.
6. In order that you are able to see a full-length view of yourself, the minimum size for a plane mirror must be
7. If an object is located between the focal point and a concave mirror (between F and A), the image formed will be
_____ than the object.
8. A monochromatic light source emits light of _____.
9. The inability of a spherical lens to focus all parallel rays to a single point is called _____.
10. If the focal point of a concave lens is 12 cm from the lens, what value of f should you use in the lens equation?
11. A _____ indicates that an image produced by a concave mirror is virtual.
12. A light ray that is incident parallel to the principle axis and reflects through the focal point is called the
13. If an object is placed at the focal point of a concave mirror, where will the image be?
14. Describe the diffraction pattern when light passes through a double slit.
15. If an object is located between the focal point and the radius of curvature (between F and 2F) of a convex lens, the
image formed will be _____ than the object.
16. You wish to take a picture of your image in a plane mirror. If the camera is 3.7 meters in front of the mirror, at what
distance should the camera lens be focused?
17. If an object is located between the focal point and the radius of curvature (between F and 2F) of a concave mirror,
the image formed will be _____ than the object.
18. True or False: The focal length of a spherical concave mirror is half the radius of curvature.
19. A _____ eye has too short of a focal length while a _____ eye has too long of a focal length.
20. Is a diverging lens concave or convex?
21. If an object is placed beyond the radius of curvature (more than 2F) of a concave mirror, the image formed will be
_____ than the object.
22. A(n) _____ is a device made up of many single slits that diffract light and form a pattern that results from the
overlapping of single-slit diffraction patterns.
23. If an object is located at the radius of curvature (at 2F) from a concave mirror, the image formed will be _____ the
object.
24. Where a wave crest and a wave trough overlap, _____.
25. True or False: Microscopes and telescopes both use a combination of at least two concave lenses.
26. Which optical instrument produces a magnified, virtual, and inverted image of small objects?
27. Wave crests that reach the same points at the same times are said to be _____.
28. An image formed by a concave lens is always _____.
29. The bending of waves around and behind the edges of a barrier is
30. A real image suggests
31. If an object is located inside the focal point (between F and A) of a convex mirror, the image formed is
32. Is a converging lens concave or convex?
33. The equation used to calculate wavelength from a double-slit experiment is _____.
CHAPTERS 20-22
1. When a glass rod is rubbed with silk and becomes positively charged,
2. List some insulators.
3. A joule per coulomb is equivalent to a(an)
4. Touching an electrode with a negatively-charged rod is an example of
5. Resistance is measured in
6. Electric field lines around two charges are shown in the diagram. Identify the type of charges on the objects X and Y.
7. Capacitance is measured in
8. According to Ohm’s Law, what would happen to current if voltage and resistance were doubled?
9. List some examples of conductors.
10. A device that measures the amount of current in a circuit is a(n)
11. Two charges, q1 and q2, are separated by a distance d, and exert a force on each other. If both charges doubled,
what would happen to the value of K?
12. The flow of charged particles can be defined as
13. What does a resistor do?
14. The force, F, varies _____ with the square of the distance between the centers of two charged objects.
15. Two like charged balloons, placed at a distance of 0.50 m, experience a repulsive force of 0.32 N. What is the force if
the distance between the balloons is doubled?
16. Materials that have electrons tightly bound to the atomic nuclei are good _____.
17. Electric field strength is directly proportional to ____________________ and inversely proportional to charge.
18. A coulomb per second is also known as a(an)
19. Two charges, q1 and q2, are separated by a distance d, and exert a force on each other. What happens to the electric
force if one of the charges is tripled and the distance between the charges is three times as great?
20. If a light bulb is rated at 50 W, the amount of energy consumed in 30 minutes is _____.
21. Electric potential energy is measured in
22. Four light bulbs work on a 120-V circuit. One is 50 W, another is 75 W, the third is 100 W, and the fourth bulb is 150
W. Which bulb has the lowest resistance?
23. A 60-W lightbulb illuminated day and night for 30 days consumes _____ of energy.
24. If a family’s electric bill is $74.00 per month and cost of electricity is $0.12 per kWh, how much electricity does the
family use per month?
25. The diagram below illustrates the electric field lines between three equally spaced objects. What could be the
charges on those objects?
a. A+, B–, C–
c. A+, B+, C+
b. A–, B–, C+
d. A+, B–, C+
26. In an arrangement of three or more point charges, the direction of the resultant force on any charge can be
determined by _____.
27. Charge is measured in
28. Describe charging by induction
29. A _____ is made up of two conductors separated by an insulator.
30. A coulomb per volt is equal to a(an)
31. If the work done in moving a charge is doubled and the strength of the charge is halved, the electric potential
difference:
32. A volt is equivalent to
33. Would a negative electrical force would indicate that the force is attractive or repulsive?
34. How is current affected if the time interval decreases?
35. The force, F, varies _____ with the charge of the two charged objects.
36. Coulomb’s Law can be used to determine _____ of an electrical force.
37. Three rods of different materials P, Q, and R, are charged by various methods. When the rods are brought near each
other, the rods P and Q repel each other, while the rods P and R attract each other. What could be the signs of the
charges on the rods?
CHAPTERS 23-24
1. What would happen to the current in a circuit if a voltmeter were substituted for an ammeter?
2. True or False: The magnitude of the magnetic force on a current-carrying wire depends on the strength of the
magnetic field, the current in the wire, and the length of wire in the magnetic field.
3. Which safety device detects small differences in current, thereby preventing dangerous shocks?
4. An object that is magnetic has…
5. A series circuit contains four resistors. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit?
6. What safety device is an automatic switch that opens when the current reaches some set value?
7. Imagine holding an insulated coil. If the direction of the current moving through the coil is clockwise, what direction
is the north pole of this electromagnet?
8. A current-carrying coil with a north and a south pole that is itself a magnet is a(an)
9. Recall the magnet lab; when a nail is attached to a magnet, how does the polarity of the free end of the nail
compare with the polarity of the free end of the magnet?
10. If three resistors are connected in parallel, there are ___________ current paths in the circuit.
11. A circuit with several current paths, whose total current equals the sum of the current in its branches is a _____
circuit.
12. A Tesla is equal to
13. A device used to measure the current in any branch or part of a circuit is a(an)…
14. True or False: The equivalent resistance of a parallel circuit is always less than the resistance of any resistor in the
circuit.
15. The flux per unit area is proportional to the _____ of the magnetic field.
16. In the first right-hand rule, your fingers curl in the direction of the
17. The resistance of an ammeter should be…
18. A string of holiday lights has 15 bulbs connected in series. If one of the bulbs burns out, what happens to the other
bulbs?
19. To measure the voltage drop across some part of a circuit, a voltmeter should be connected in
20. The magnetic force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field is _______ the direction of the current.
21. To measure the current through a resistor, an ammeter should be connected in __________ with the resistor.
22. The strength of the magnetic field is measured in what?
23. A voltmeter should have a very _____________ resistance so that it causes the ____________ possible changes in
currents and voltages in the circuit.
24. Adding a resistor decreases the total resistance in a _____ circuit.
25. In the second right-hand rule, your thumb points toward what quantity?
26. Which safety device melts if too large a current passes through it?
27. What is the direction of the force on a current –carrying wire in a magnetic field if the current is toward the left on a
page and the magnetic field is down the page?
28. A circuit in which current passes through each device, on after another is a ____ circuit.
29. The magnetic field lines between two like poles _____; the magnetic field lines between two unlike poles _____.
30. The current is the same throughout a _____ circuit.
31. A circuit with several current paths, whose total current equals the sum of the current in its branches is a _____
circuit.
32. If the battery voltage does not change, adding more devices in the series _____ the current.
33. Three resistors of 10.0 , 20.0 , and 25.0  are connected in parallel across a 100-V battery. What is the
equivalent resistance of the circuit and the current flowing through the 10.0  resistor?
34. What is the direction of the force on a current –carrying wire in a magnetic field if the current is toward the left on a
page and the magnetic field is down the page?
35. The flux per unit area is proportional to the _____ of the magnetic field.
36. A long coil of wire consisting of many loops is a(an)
37. A 4.0  resistor, an 8.0  resistor, and a 10.0  resistor are connected in series across an 11-V battery. What is the
equivalent resistance of the circuit and the current flowing through the 4.0  resistor?
38. In a series circuit, the equivalent resistance is _____ any single resistance.
39. Imagine holding an insulated coil. If the direction of the current moving through the coil is clockwise, what direction
is the north pole of this electromagnet?
40. A current-carrying coil with a north and a south pole that is itself a magnet is a(an)
41. Recall the magnet lab; when a nail is attached to a magnet, how does the polarity of the free end of the nail
compare with the polarity of the free end of the magnet?