A&P I 2015 Exam 3
1) The medial end of the clavicle is also known as the ________ end.
A) acromial
B) sternal
C) coracoidal
D) manubrial
E) scapular
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
2) The only direct connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton is where the
A) clavicle articulates with the humerus.
B) clavicle articulates with the manubrium of the sternum.
C) coxal bones articulate with the femur.
D) vertebral column articulates with the sacrum.
E) clavicle articulates with the xiphoid process.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
3) The clavicle articulates with the scapula
A) laterally with the coracoid process.
B) laterally with the glenoid cavity.
C) laterally with the acromion.
D) laterally with the manubrium.
E) medially with the coracoid cavity.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Figure 8-1 The Scapula
Use Figure 8-1 to answer the following questions:
4) Identify the structure labeled "1."
A) spine of scapula
B) scapular process
C) acromion
D) coracoid process
E) scapular notch
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
5) Identify the structure labeled "2."
A) glenoid cavity
B) acetabulum
C) scapular cavity
D) scapular notch
E) rotator cup
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
6) Which structure is the acromion?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
7) Identify the structure labeled "7."
A) acromion
B) scapular process
C) spine of scapula
D) coracoid process
E) scapular notch
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
8) In the anatomical position, the ulna is located ________ to the radius.
A) distal
B) proximal
C) medial
D) superior
E) lateral
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 8-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
9) Which of the following is not an upper limb bone?
A) ulna
B) radius
C) humerus
D) metatarsals
E) carpals
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 8-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
10) Which of the following is not a tarsal bone?
A) medial cuneiform
B) anterior cuneiform
C) cuboid
D) navicular
E) talus
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
11) Another name for the first toe is
A) hallux.
B) pollex.
C) hyoid.
D) lateral cuneiform.
E) phalanx.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Figure 8-3 The Femur
Use Figure 8-3 to answer the following questions:
12) Which structure articulates with the acetabulum?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 5
E) 9
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
13) Identify the diaphysis of the femur.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 7
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
14) Identify the structure labeled "2."
A) greater trochanter
B) linea aspera
C) head
D) lateral epicondyle
E) lateral condyle
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
15) Identify the structure labeled "12."
A) greater trochanter
B) linea aspera
C) head
D) lateral epicondyle
E) lateral condyle
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
16) Identify the structure labeled "3."
A) greater trochanter
B) lesser trochanter
C) head
D) lateral epicondyle
E) lateral condyle
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Figure 8-4 Bones of the Ankle and Foot
Use Figure 8-4 to answer the following questions:
17) Identify the bones labeled "9."
A) metatarsals
B) carpals
C) metacarpals
D) tarsals
E) coxae
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
18) Identify the bones named for their wedge shape.
A) 3
B) 8
C) 7
D) 1
E) 2
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
19) On which bone does the tibia press?
A) 1
B) 7
C) 9
D) 2
E) 3
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 8-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
20) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the male pelvis?
A) heavy, rough textured bone
B) heart-shaped pelvic inlet
C) angle of pubic arch greater than 100 degrees
D) relatively deep iliac fossa
E) ilia extend far above sacrum
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 8-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
21) The clearest distinction between a male and female skeleton is seen in the characteristics of
the
A) skull.
B) pelvis.
C) sacrum.
D) teeth.
E) thoracic cage.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
22) Which of the following is a not characteristic of the female pelvis?
A) triangular obturator foramen
B) coccyx points anteriorly
C) sacrum broad and short
D) bone markings not very prominent
E) ischial spine points posteriorly
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
23) The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower extremities and their
supporting elements called
A) joints.
B) girdles.
C) sutures.
D) ball and socket.
E) rotator cuffs.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
24) The girdles of the appendicular skeleton support the bones of the
A) shoulder.
B) hip.
C) thoracic cage.
D) limbs.
E) vertebrae.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
25) Two prominent features of the clavicle are the conoid tubercle at the lateral end and the
________ tuberosity at the medial end.
A) costal
B) sternal
C) acromial
D) deltoid
E) scapular
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
26) The scapula articulates with the humerus at the ________ joint.
A) acrogleno
B) acrohumoral
C) glenohumoral
D) glenoscapular
E) humeroscapular
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 8-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
27) Which of the following is a recognized function of skeletal muscle?
A) produce movement
B) maintain posture
C) maintain body temperature
D) guard body entrances and exits
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 10-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
28) At each end of the muscle, the collagen fibers of the epimysium, perimysium, and
endomysium, come together to form a
A) tendon.
B) satellite cell.
C) ligament.
D) tenosynovium.
E) sheath.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 10-2
29) Put the following structures in order from superficial to deep.
1. muscle fiber
2. perimysium
3. myofibril
4. fascicle
5. endomysium
6. epimysium
A) 1, 5, 4, 3, 2, 6
B) 6, 2, 5, 4, 1, 3
C) 6, 2, 4, 5, 1, 3
D) 1, 3, 5, 6, 4, 2
E) 2, 3, 1, 4, 6, 5
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 10-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
30) The bundle of collagen fibers at the end of a skeletal muscle that attaches the muscle to bone
is called a(n)
A) fascicle.
B) tendon.
C) ligament.
D) epimysium.
E) myofibril.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 10-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
31) In a sarcomere, the central portion of thick filaments are linked laterally by proteins of the
A) Z line.
B) M line.
C) H band.
D) A band.
E) I band.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 10-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
32) The advantage of having many nuclei in a skeletal muscle fiber is the ability to
A) contract much more forcefully.
B) produce more ATP with little oxygen.
C) store extra DNA for metabolism.
D) produce large amounts of muscle proteins.
E) produce nutrients for muscle contraction.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 10-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Figure 10-1 Skeletal Muscle Fiber
Use Figure 10-1 to answer the following questions:
33) Identify the structure labeled "1."
A) mitochondria
B) glycogen
C) ATP
D) myofibril
E) synaptic vesicle
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 10-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
34) Which of the following are found in the structure labeled "3"?
A) actin
B) myosin
C) titin
D) tropomyosin
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 10-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
35) What physiological process occurs in the structure labeled "7"?
A) release of neurotransmitter
B) conduction of the action potential into the cell interior
C) activity of acetylcholinesterase
D) release of protein and calcium ions into the muscle fiber
E) opening of sodium channels and subsequent influx of sodium
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 10-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
36) What is released from the structure labeled "9"?
A) sarcoplasm
B) acetylcholine
C) protein
D) calcium ions
E) acetylcholinesterase
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 10-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
37) Where would calcium ions be predominately found?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 8
E) 9
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 10-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
38) Active sites on the actin become available for binding after
A) actin binds to troponin.
B) troponin binds to tropomyosin.
C) calcium binds to troponin.
D) calcium binds to tropomyosin.
E) myosin binds to troponin.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 10-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
39) Receptors for acetylcholine are located on the
A) synaptic knob.
B) motor end plate.
C) sarcomere.
D) synaptic cleft.
E) transverse tubule.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 10-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Figure 10-2 Muscle Contractions
Use Figure 10-2 to answer the following questions:
40) What is the contraction in graph (a) called?
A) complete tetanus
B) incomplete tetanus
C) twitch
D) wave summation
E) treppe
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 10-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
41) What is thought to happen in a muscle during the response shown in graph (a)?
A) It is strengthening with exercise.
B) There is a gradual increase in calcium ion concentration in the sarcoplasm.
C) It is fatigued and must make repeated efforts to twitch normally.
D) It is aged and has lost contractile proteins.
E) It is producing more ATP as tension increases.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 10-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
42) To produce a contraction similar to the one in graph (b), the muscle
A) must be stimulated to the point of fatigue.
B) must be stimulated again before it has relaxed from the previous stimulation.
C) is excited by a stimulus of increasing intensity.
D) must go through a rapid series of isolated twitches.
E) generates more and more thin and thick filaments.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 10-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
43) After heavy exercise, if energy reserves in a muscle are depleted, ________ occurs.
A) an oxygen debt
B) paralysis
C) treppe
D) tetanus
E) atrophy
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 10-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
44) During the recovery period following exercise, all of the following are true except
A) lactic acid is removed from muscle cells.
B) the muscle actively produces ATP.
C) muscle fibers are unable to contract.
D) oxygen is consumed at above the resting rate.
E) heat is generated.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 10-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
45) Large-diameter, densely packed myofibrils, large glycogen reserves, and few mitochondria
are characteristics of
A) slow fibers.
B) intermediate fibers.
C) fast fibers.
D) red muscles.
E) fatty muscles.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 10-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
46) Which of the following types of muscle fibers are best adapted for prolonged contraction
such as standing all day?
A) uninucleated fibers
B) striated fibers
C) fast fibers
D) slow fibers
E) intermediate fibers
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 10-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
47) Communication between axons and muscle fibers occurs at specialized synapses called
A) nervous units.
B) synaptic terminals.
C) motor end plates.
D) motor units.
E) neuromuscular junctions.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 10-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
48) A single contraction-relaxation cycle in a muscle fiber produces a(n)
A) cramp.
B) twitch.
C) tetanic contraction.
D) action potential.
E) motor unit.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 10-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
49) In a ________ muscle, the fascicles are concentrically arranged around an opening.
A) convergent
B) parallel
C) straight
D) pennate
E) circular
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 11-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
50) Most of the skeletal muscles in the body are ________ muscles.
A) convergent
B) parallel
C) straight
D) pennate
E) circular
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 11-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
51) A lever consists of
A) a tendon and a muscle.
B) a rigid structure.
C) a fulcrum.
D) a bone, a muscle, and a nerve.
E) a rigid structure and a fulcrum.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 11-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
52) A(n) ________ is a muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing a
particular movement.
A) prime mover
B) motor-unit
C) antagonist
D) opposition
E) synergist
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 11-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
53) Which of these phrases most aptly describes "muscle insertion"?
A) broad tendon sheet
B) connective tissue that surrounds a single muscle fiber
C) tendon attachment that doesn't move
D) tendon attachment that moves
E) connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 11-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
54) Muscles that insert on the olecranon process of the ulna can act to
A) flex the forearm.
B) extend the forearm.
C) abduct the forearm.
D) adduct the forearm.
E) extend the carpals.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 11-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
55) A muscle that assists the muscle that is primarily responsible for a given action is a(n)
A) agonist.
B) antagonist.
C) synergist.
D) originator.
E) levator.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 11-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
56) Muscles including the term capitis would be found within or attached to the
A) head.
B) neck.
C) thorax.
D) abdomen.
E) groin.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 11-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
57) Muscles with fibers that run parallel to the long axis of the body are called
A) lateralis.
B) transversus.
C) rectus.
D) obliquus.
E) medialis.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 11-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
58) The bones that form the fingers are the
A) carpals.
B) tarsals.
C) metacarpals.
D) metatarsals.
E) phalanges.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 8-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
59) Each of the following terms is a descriptive term for a muscle's action except
A) levator.
B) pronator.
C) extensor.
D) sartorius.
E) adductor.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 11-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
60) Muscles located entirely within an organ are called
A) internus.
B) extrinsic.
C) profundus.
D) intrinsic.
E) externus.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 11-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Xtra Credit ( 1 point each)
1) Which of the following is not an age-related change in the skeleton?
A) closure of the fontanels
B) bone remodeling
C) reduction in mineral content
D) appearance of major vertebral curves
E) fusion of the coxal bones
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 8-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
2) On a field trip you discover a skeleton with the following characteristics: the acetabulum is
directed laterally, the ischial spine points medially, and the angle inferior to the pubic symphysis
is less than 90 degrees. The long bones of the arms and legs are relatively light and show
epiphyseal plates. This skeleton is probably from
A) a young male.
B) a young female.
C) an elderly male.
D) an elderly female.
E) It is impossible to determine based on this information.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 8-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
3) The following is a list of the events that occur during a muscle contraction. What is the correct
sequence of these events?
1. Myosin cross-bridges bind to the actin.
2. The free myosin head splits ATP.
3. Calcium ion is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
4. The myosin head pivots toward the center of the sarcomere.
5. Calcium ion binds to troponin.
6. The myosin head binds an ATP molecule and detaches from the actin.
A) 1, 3, 5, 4, 6, 2
B) 5, 1, 4, 6, 2, 3
C) 3, 5, 1, 2, 4, 6
D) 3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 2
E) 1, 4, 6, 2, 3, 5
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 10-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
4) Which of the following statements about excitation-contraction coupling is incorrect?
A) Calcium ions travel through the transverse tubule.
B) Calcium ion is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
C) Tropomyosin moves to expose myosin binding sites on actin.
D) Troponin binds calcium ion and signals tropomyosin to move.
E) Relaxation requires uptake of calcium ion by the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 10-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
5) Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters that are released by ________ when the action
potential arrives.
A) endocytosis
B) apoptosis
C) exocytosis
D) hydrolysis
E) sodium
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 10-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application