Worm Review Earthworms belong to the KINGDOM _______________ Animalia Annelida PHYLUM ________________ Oligochaeta CLASS ___________________ Earthworms breathe with lungs gills nephridia skin They breathe through their skin Earthworms and leeches are __________ segmented worms. Flat Round Segmented Tell the two adaptations earthworms have to help them absorb nutrients from the soil they eat. Really LONG intestine AND Typhlosole MATCH THE EARTHWORM BODY PART WITH ITS FUNCTION Provide traction in crawling Setae __________________________ Act as heart to pump blood Aortic arches ____________________ Cerebral ganglia _________________ Act as brain Store sperm made Seminal vesicles _________________ by this worm to give away Store sperm received Seminal receptacles________________ from other worms Which type of protective covering is made of thickened fused CELLS? Tegument cuticle tegument closed Earthworms have a(n) __________ circulatory system. open closed An earthworm stores the sperm it makes in seminal _________. vesicles receptacles vesicles Digestive organ in an earthworm that stores food waiting to be digested. crop Type of coelom seen in ALL flatworms they are acoelomates What part of an earthworm helps with traction as it crawls? Setae – bristles on ventral surface Earthworms are ________________ eucoelomates acoelomates pseudocoelomates eucoelomates The thin membranes that separate the earthworm’s coelom into compartments are called ________________ Septa (sing. Septum) The PRIMARY host for the humans beef tapeworm is ______________. cows pigs humans snails The digestive part that sucks in the food and moves it down into the digestive system is the ________________. pharynx MATCH THE EARTHWORM BODY PART WITH ITS FUNCTION Stores food waiting to be digested Crop __________________________ Increases surface area to absorb Typhlosole _______________________ more nutrients Grinds and mashes up food Gizzard ___________________ Nephridia _________________ Excretes nitrogen waste mucous for reproduction Clitellum Makes ____________________ Name 4 characteristics of ALL worms Invertebrates protostomes Elongated bodies Bilateral symmetry Cephalization Cerebal ganglia "brain" No respiratory organs (breathe through skin) pseudocoelomates Round worms are all ______________ acoelomates pseudocoelomates eucoelomates The structure on an earthworm that secretes mucous for reproduction is clitellum the _____________ The concentration of nervous and sensory organs in the anterior end of an animal is called _______________ cephalization Tube that connects the pharynx and the crop in an earthworm. esophagus MATCH THE WORM WITH THE WAY IT IS TRANSMITTED TO HUMANS Blood fluke Burrow through skin Schistosoma _____________________ Intestinal round worm contaminated food or water Ascaris _________________________ Beef Tapeworm ___________________ Eating undercooked meat containing cysts Pork roundworm Trichinella ___________________ Eating undercooked meat containing cysts An earthworm stores sperm it receives from other worms in its receptacles seminal _________________. The excretory organ in an earthworm is its ___________________ nephridia Where would you find setae in an earthworm? Ventral surface What structures act as a heart in an earthworm to pump blood? Aortic arches anterior The ____________end of the earthworm is closest to the clitellum. anterior posterior Respiratory organ found in earthworms Trick question… they don’t have any respiratory organs; they absorb oxygen through their skin. An organism that has both male and female reproductive structures is called a hermaphrodite _______________ Protective layer that covers the body of an earthworm and tapeworm which is NOT made of cells tegument cuticle cuticle The excretory organs in flatworms are the __________________ Flame cells In Latin the name Annelida means “little rings” ________________. slender body few bristles crawling tube little rings The male genital pores connect to which sperm storage structure inside? __________________ seminal vesicles Flame cells and nephridia are ____________ organs. excretory Reproductive nervous digestive excretory circulatory skeletal Name parts of the digestive system of an earthworm starting at the anterior end and moving through the digestive system. Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus The flap of tissue that hangs over an earthworm’s mouth and senses light/touch is the prostomium __________________ Image from: http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/unsegmented_worm_notes_b1.htm These organisms are ____________ worms. flat Flat round segmented True or False TRUE Planaria have just one opening for their digestive system. Fertilization in an earthworm happens ___________ of their bodies. outside Inside outside The ability of an animal to regrow lost body parts is called regeneration ____________________ Muscular digestive organ where food is ground up in an earthworm. gizzard Earthworms have a non-cellular ________________ to help them hold in cuticle moisture. tegument cuticle PHYLUM that includes the flatworms Platyhelminthes Match the type of worm with the kind of coelom it has acoelom pseudocoelom eucoelom acoelom FLATWORMS ___________________ pseudocoelom ROUND WORMS ____________________ eucoelom SEGMENTED WORMS _______________ The animal in which an adult parasite lives and reproduces is the primary host. _____________ primary secondary intermediate Filarial worms like the ones that cause elephantiasis and dog heartworm are carried by ______________. insects The intermediate host that carries beef tapeworm is a cow _______________ Hookworms, round worms, pinworms, and filarial worms are all __________ worms. round Flat round segmented The anterior end of a tapeworm containing hooks and suckers to help it hold on inside the host is the _____________________ scolex A one opening shared digestive/circulatory space seen in Planaria Gastrovascular cavity Name a worm you learned about without a digestive system? Tapeworm Organisms without a backbone INVERTEBRATES The hermaphroditic reproductive segments released by tapeworms are called ______________ proglottids Humans are infected with beef tapeworms when they * drink contaminated water get bitten by a mosquito carrying the larvae eat under cooked meat containing cysts walk with bare feet and larvae burrow into their skin MATCH THE WORM WITH THE WAY IT IS TRANSMITTED TO HUMANS Bitten by insect Filarial worms ____________________ carrying larvae Burrow through skin in feet Hookworms_____________________ Round worm Eating undercooked meat Trichinella ___________________ containing cysts The primary host for beef tapeworm is a ______________ human An organism that has both male and female reproductive organs is hermaphrodite called a _________________ Ascaris eggs enter the body of a human when ________________ * - The person ingests contaminated water or food The person is bitten by a mosquito carrying the larvae larvae burrow through the skin The person eats undercooked meat containing cysts Round worms belong to the Nematoda PHYLUM ______________ TELL WHICH BODY SYSTEM EACH PART BELONGS TO digestive Crop __________________________ nervous Cerebral ganglia _________________ circulatory Aortic arches___________________ excretory Nephridia _________________ Clitellum ____________________ reproductive digestive Intestine ____________________ How is a TEGUMENT different from a CUTICLE? Both are protective layers on outsides of worms but … A tegument is made of fused CELLS. A cuticle is a NON-CELLULAR coating GIVE THE PHYLUM FOR EACH TYPE OF WORM Platyhelminthes FLATWORMS _______________ Nematoda ROUNDWORMS _____________ SEGMENTED WORMS Annelida ______________ Type of circulatory system seen in earthworms CLOSED Type of fertilization seen in earthworms external fertilization MATCH THE COELOM with the WORM FLAT ROUND SEGMENTED __________ Segmented __________ ____________ Round Flat (eucoelom) (acoelom) Images from: http://www.lander.edu/RSFOX/310images/310bilatImage.html (pseudocoelom) Type of reproduction seen in earthworms sexual Type of development seen in earthworms direct Type of development seen in blood flukes Indirect; there is a larva that lives in snails Type of symmetry seen in worms bilateral receptacles In earthworms seminal _____________ store sperm received from other worms during sexual reproduction. How do tapeworms obtain nutrients without a mouth or digestive system? Absorb through their tegument (Covering on skin) Invertebrates Worms are _______________ (no backbone) invertebrates vertebrates MATCH THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WITH THE WORM Gastrovascular cavity/1 opening Planaria __________________________ No digestive system Tapeworms _______________________ 2 openings Earthworms _______________________ protostomes Worms are _____________ protostomes deuterostomes Planaria, flukes, and tapeworms are ____________ worms. flat flat round segmented MATCH THE WAY HUMANS ARE INFECTED WITH THE WORM Eating contaminated food or water __________ Ascaris Eating undercooked meat with cysts Beef tapeworm or_________________ Pork Round worm ______________ (Trichinella) Burrow through skin ______________ __________________ Blood Fluke (Schistosoma) Hookworms Insect bites Filarial worms (Elephantiasis, dog heartworm) ___________________ Type of digestive system seen in Flukes and Planaria Gastrovascular cavity with 1 opening flame cells Flatworms have ____________ to excrete nitrogen waste and remove excess water NAME THE TYPE OF SYMMETRY Radial Bilateral Images from: http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/radial.jpg http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/bilateral.jpg http://vilenski.org/science/safari/animals/other/classify_animals.html Asymmetry Earthworms and leeches are_______________ worms. segmented flat round segmented Type of worm you would expect to have a scolex Tapeworm The hermaphroditic reproductive structures seen in tapeworms are proglottids called _______________ Where would you find a typhlosole in an earthworm? Inside intestine Which kind of worm lives inside your intestine and crawls out the anus at night to glue eggs to your skin? pinworms Name a kind of worm with a one opening gastrovascular cavity Planaria OR flukes Name a worm you learned about that can use either SEXUAL or ASEXUAL reproduction Planaria The concentration of a “brain” and sensory organs at the head end of an animal is called ___________________ cephalization The gastrovascular cavity in Planaria and Flukes shares the functions of which 2 different body systems? Gastro = digestive vascular = circulatory Where would you find a ADULT beef tapeworm living? Inside human intestine KEEP IT STRAIGHT: Compare Digestive and Nitrogen waste DIGESTIVE WASTE NITROGEN WASTE Made where? In digestive tract By body cells Comes from? Left over from undigested food Removed by what body system? Leaves body as? Digestive Feces breakdown of proteins during metabolism Excretory ammonia, urea, OR uric acid Earthworms and leeches are_______________ worms. segmented flat round segmented Tell what an earthworm uses its Setae for Traction when it crawls MATCH THE DISEASE with the worm that causes it Blood fluke: Schistosoma Schistosomiasis ____________________ Round worm: Trichinella Trichinosis _______________________ Elephantiasis ___________________ Filarial round worm Round worm Ascaris _________________ Round worm Pinworms ____________________ MATCH THE FUNCTION with the BODY PART Helps tapeworms attach to host _________ scolex Increases surface area in intestine to Typhlosole absorb more nutrients _____________ Makes mucous for earthworm sex ___________ clitellum Excretes nitrogen waste in earthworms nephridia _________________ MATCH THE FUNCTION with the BODY PART Covers and protects earthworm’s mouth and senses light and vibration/touch ____________ prostomium Excrete nitrogen waste in flatworms_____________ Flame cells Excretes nitrogen waste in earthworms _________________ nephridia Label the directions DORSAL A.__________________ POSTERIOR D_______________ ANTERIOR __________________B VENTRAL ___________________ C Animation from: http://bestanimations.com THE END