7.5 p. 205 – p. 259


206 bones in human
body
Made up of 2 parts:
◦ Axial Skeleton
◦ Appendicular Skeleton

http://www.getbodysmar
t.com/ap/skeletalsystem
/skeleton/introduction/t
utorial.html

Skull
◦ Cranium
◦ Face



Hyoid Bone
Vertebral Column
Thoracic Cage
◦ Ribs
◦ Sternum




Pectoral girdle
Upper limbs
Pelvic girdle
Lower limbs










Condyle
Crest
Epicondyle
Facet
Fissure
Fontanel
Foramen
Fossa
Head
Linea









Meatus
Process
Ramus
Sinus
Spine
Suture
Trochanter
Tubercle
Tuberosity


Cranial
bones
Facial bones






Frontal bone
Parietal Bone
Temporal Bones
Occipital Bone
Sphenoid Bone
Ethmoid Bone

Frontal Bone
◦ Forehead
◦ Bone under eyebrows
◦ Superior portion of eye
orbits

Parietal Bones
◦ Most superior and lateral
walls of cranium
◦ Sagittal suture at midline
◦ Coronal suture where they
meet the frontal bone

Temporal Bones: inferior to the parietal bones
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
Joined at squamous sutures
External acoustic meatus
Styloid process
Zygomatic process
Mastoid process
Jugular foramen
Internal acoustic meatus
Carotid

Occipital Bone
◦ Joined to parietal bones anteriorly by the lambdoid
suture
◦ Foramen magnum
 Surrounds lower part or brain, allows spinal cord to
connect to brain
◦ Occipital condyles

Sphenoid Bone
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
Spans width of the skull
Forms floor of cranial cavity
Stella turcica
Foramen ovale
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Sphenoid sinuses

Ethmoid Bones
◦ Anterior to
sphenoid bone
◦ Forms roof of nasal
cavity
◦ Crista galli
◦ Cribriform plates
◦ Superior and
middle nasal
conchae

http://www.getbodysmart.com/ap/skeletalsy
stem/skeleton/axial/skull/quizzes/menu/me
nu.html








Maxillae
Palantine Bones
Zygomatic Bones
Lacrimal Bones
Nasal Bones
Vomer Bone
Inferior Nasal Conchae
Mandible

Maxillae (maxillary bones)
◦ Upper jaw
◦ Keystone bones – all other bones join with the
maxillae bones
◦ Upper teeth in alveolar margin
◦ Palantine processes – anterior portion of hard
palate
◦ Paranasal sinuses

Palantine Bones: form posterior portion of
hard palate
◦ Failure to develop forms a cleft palate

Zygomatic Bones
◦ Cheek bones
◦ Eye sockets

Lacrimal Bones
◦ Medial portion of each eye socket
◦ Groove to serve as passage way for tears

Nasal bones
◦ Small bones forming bridge of the nose

Vomer Bone
◦ Nasal septum

Inferior Nasal Conchae
◦ Thin, curved bones from the lateral walls of the
nasal cavity

Mandible
◦
◦
◦
◦
Lower jaw
Body
Rami
Lower teeth in alveoli (alveolar margin)




Only bone of the body that does not directly
articulate with another bone
Suspended in neck approximately 2cm above
the larynx
Movement of tongue
Attachment for neck muscles



Use your books and computers to summarize
the development of the skull. Focus in fetal
development through adolescence.
Bullet points or paragraph
Be prepared to present all or a portion to the
class.

Regions:
◦
◦
◦
◦


Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Shapes vary
Intervertebral discs
◦ Separate and cushion
vertebrae



Body / centrum
Vertebral arch
Vertebral foramen



Transverse processes
Spinous processes
Superior and inferior articular
processes



C1 – C7
Neck region of spine
First two vertebrae: atlas and axis


Smallest vertebrae
Transverse process contains foramina for the
vertebral arteries to pass through



T1 – T12
Larger than cervical vertebrae
Connect with ribs



L1 – L5
Sturdiest vertebrae
Massive bodies, short spinous processes








Fusion of 5 vertebrae
Superiorly connects with L5
inferiorly connects with coccyx
Alae: articulate with hips
Median sacral crest
Posterior sacral foramina
Sacral canal
Sacral haitus


Fusion of three irregularly shaped vertebrae
“tailbone”

http://www.purposegames.com/game/fb1ba
7f9d8

Identify the pictures using your notes.

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, axis, atlas
- Ribs (12)
- True ribs, false
ribs, floating ribs
- Sternum
- Manubrium
- Body
- Xyphoid process
- Cartilage


2 clavicles
2 scapulae
(scapula)




Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Hand
◦ Carpals
◦ Metacarpals
◦ Phalanges

Hip bones
◦ Ilium
◦ Ischium
◦ Pubis

Male pelvis
is more
slender than
the female
pelvis
◦ Female ilium
is wider





Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Foot:
◦ Tarsals
◦ Metatarsals
◦ Phalanges