Objective 3.01
Apply Procedures to Develop
Flowcharts and Pseudocode (3%)
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING I
SUMMER 2011
Objectives 3.01 and 3.02
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING I
SUMMER 2011
Objective/Essential Standard
 Essential Standard
3.00Apply Programming Logic
 Indicator
3.01 Apply procedures to develop flow-charts and
pseudocode. (3%)
Teacher Notes
 This PowerPoint was developed with examples from
Visual Basic 2010 and C#.
 Any coding samples will be provided in both
languages as supported.
 Only show the slides the correspond to the language
you are teaching.
Flowcharts
 Flowcharts help the programmer begin to plan the
programming project.
 They provide a visual representation of how the data
should flow.
 They describe the inputs, processes and outputs of
the program that are needed to successfully complete
the project.
Flowchart Symbols
 There are many flowchart programs, however you
can also use Microsoft Word to create a flowchart –
or just a piece of paper and a pencil.
 To create the flowchart, there are different symbols
that represent the various parts. We will only use a
few of these symbols.
 Use lines with arrows to indicate data flow direction.
Flowchart Symbols
Start/Stop
Input/Output
Start should always be the first shape, with a
Stop at the end of the flow chart.
This shape is used to show raw materials used
for ‘ingredients’ and to show the finished
product.
Processes
Start should be used to show
processes/procedures, eg. ‘Bake Cake’
Decisions
Start should be used to show where the
flowchart can divide into two options.
Used for Start & Stop
Start
Input
Used for inputs – raw
materials
Examples:
Cake Ingredients
Plastic, metal
Process A
Input
Used for all processes
Examples:
Bake cake
Review music choices
Build wheels
Process B
Output
Stop
Used for outputs –
finished product
Examples:
Finished cake
Car door
Used for Start & Stop
Start
Used for inputs – raw
materials
Examples:
Cake Ingredients
Plastic, metal
Input
True (yes)
Process A
If Process
A
Used for all processes
Examples:
Bake cake
Review music choices
Build wheels
False (no)
Used for
decision making
- Questions
Process B
Process C
Output
Stop
Used for outputs –
finished product
Examples:
Finished cake
Car door
Used for Start & Stop
Start
Used for inputs – raw
materials
Examples:
Cake Ingredients
Plastic, metal
Input
DOWHILE
Question
(T or F)
True (yes)
Process A
False (no)
NO PROCESSES
ALLOWED
HERE!!!!
Exit only
Used for
decision making
- Questions
Process B
ENDDO
Stop
Used to show where loop
stops – required.
Using Microsoft Word to Create a Flowchart
 Open Microsoft
Word.
 Under Insert choose
Shapes
 Look down the list
until you see
Flowchart.
 Hoover your mouse
over a shape, you will
see a popup telling
you what that shape
is used for.
Using Microsoft Word to Create a Flowchart
 Select and draw the shapes needed for your program
logic.
 Once you draw a shape you can right click and select
Add Text to enter information into your symbol.
 Join your symbols using arrows indicating program
data flow.
Pseudocode
 The text in your flowchart symbols is your
pseudocode.
 Pseudocode is a mix of English language and code
that represents what you want your program to do.
 It helps you determine how you want the program to
work as well as what variables and
methods/functions you will want to include.
 Developing pseudocode will help you work through
your logic, reducing the number of errors and
potential re-writes you will have to do.
Pseudocode Example
Proceed down Main Street for two miles
Turn left on Ocean Drive,
Proceed on Ocean Drive for three blocks, to the fork.
IF left turn at fork is blocked THEN
Take a right turn at the fork onto Eagle Street…
ELSE
At the fork, take Swan Street to the left.
Proceed two blocks.
House is second on the left. (246 Swan Street.)
ENDIF
Example
Start
Proceed down hall
Turn left at first intersecting hallway
IF hungry THEN
Turn right into the cafeteria
ELSE
Continue to classroom
ENDIf
Proceed down hall
Turn left at first
intersecting hallway
Hungry?
Turn right
into
cafeteria
Continue to
classroom
Stop
Objective 3.02
Understand Algorithms (3%)
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING I
SUMMER 2011
Objective/Essential Standard
 Essential Standard
3.00Apply Programming Logic
 Indicator
3.02 Understand Algorithms (3%)
Algorithm
 An algorithm is a list of steps to solve a problem.
 In programming, it will be a list of steps used to
successfully accomplishment your programming
task.
 Your algorithm is not only going to tell your program
what to do but how to do it.
Algorithm Example – Going Home
 The Walk Algorithm
1.
Leave classroom
2.
Turn right out of school building
3.
Walk 1.2 miles
4.
Turn right on street
5.
Go to 4th house
The Bus Algorithm

1.
2.
3.
Go to the bus area
Get in right bus
Go to house
Algorithms
 Both algorithms, and others that accomplish the
same task (of getting you home).
 There are advantages and disadvantages associated
with each option.
 You have to consider each option and its
advantages/disadvantages before you choose the
algorithm you want to continue developing into your
program.
Conclusion
 This PowerPoint provided an overview of creating
flowcharts.
 Next step is to practice with sample programs the
skilled students have learned! The Unpacked
Content will provide some sample programs.