Chapter 31
1. What is acute bronchitis? ____________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. Bronchiectasis: what is it?
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________
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Where does it occur? _______________________________________________________
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What are the signs and symptoms? _______________________________________________________
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What meds can we give to help?
_________________________________________________________________________________________
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3. What is pneumonia? _________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
 How is it transmitted? _____________________________________
 What causes the reduction in surface area for gas exchange? ______
_______________________________________________________
4. Explain the 7 different types of pneumonia:
 Bacterial_________________________________________________________________________________
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 Viral_____________________________________________________________________________________
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 Fungal___________________________________________________________________________________
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Aspiration________________________________________________________________________________
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Vap____________________________________________________
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Hypostatic pneumonia_____________________________________
_______________________________________________________
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Chemical pneumonia______________________________________
_______________________________________________________
5. How can pneumonia be prevented? _____________________________
____________________________________________________________
6. Pneumonia s/s, and complications:______________________________
____________________________________________________________
 What medications can we give and why?
_______________________________________________________
7. How is TB transmitted? ______________________________________
___________________________________________________________
 How does TB work, what does it do when it enters the body?
_______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
 How can we prevent the spread of TB?
____________________________________________________________
 What s/s will we see?
____________________________________________________________
 What is a PPD, and what makes it positive?
_______________________________________________________
 What are some meds used to treat TB?
_________________________________________________________
8. Explain what causes the pain of pleurisy_________________________
____________________________________________________________
 What breath sound do you hear?_____________________________
 What meds can be used to treat pleurisy?

9. Explain what causes a pleural effusion___________________________
____________________________________________________________
 What lung sounds do you hear with a pt with a pleural effusion?
___________________________________________________
 How can we treat a pleural effusion?
____________________________________________________
11. What is pulmonary fibrosis?_________________________________
__________________________________________________________
 What can cause it?_______________________________________
 What lung sounds will you hear?_____________________________
 What drugs can you use to treat the patient?_________________
_____________________________________________________
12. Explain the cause of and treatment of atelectasis_________________
____________________________________________________________
13. What are the 3 components of COPD?_________________________
Explain the etiology of these 3 components:
 How can COPD be prevented? ______________________________
 What s/s will the patient have, what will their lungs sound like?______
_______________________________________________________
 What is polycythemia? How does it relate to COPD?_____________
_______________________________________________________
 What medications can be used? (There are quite a few)___________
_______________________________________________________
14. What is asthma characterized by?_____________________________
____________________________________________________________
 How can you prevent asthma?________________________________
 What are the major s/s?____________________________________
 What is status asthmaticus?_________________________________
 Will they develop acidosis or alkalosis…and why?_______________
_______________________________________________________
 What is a peak flowmeter?__________________________________
_______________________________________________________
15. What organs does cystic fibrosis mainly affect?
 How does it cause damage to these organs? What are some
complications_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________
 Recessive or dominant trait?________________________________
_______________________________________________________
 Why kiss your baby?______________________________________
_______________________________________________________
 What are some therapeutic interventions that we can do?__________
_______________________________________________________
 What are some meds that are used to treat this disease?__________
_______________________________________________________
16. Your patient has a pulmonary embolism. How did they most probably get
it?_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
 What is actually happening to the patient?______________________
_______________________________________________________
 What are some signs and symptoms?_________________________
_______________________________________________________
 How could this have been prevented?_________________________
 What are some tests that we can do to diagnose a PE?___________
_______________________________________________________
 What meds can we use to treat this?__________________________
______________________________________________________
 What are some other therapeutic interventions?_________________
_______________________________________________________
17. What is happening to the patient when they have PAH?
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________
 What will the lungs sound like? What are some other s/s?
___________________________________________________________
 What are some meds that we can use to treat PAH?
____________________________________________________________
18.Explain acute respiratory failure________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________
 What are some s/s?_______________________________________
 What will the ABG’s show?_________________________________
19. What causes ARDS? ( a lot)__________________________________
____________________________________________________________
 What are some s/s, and what do the lungs sound like?____________
____________________________________________________________
 What are some meds that can be used to treat this syndrome?_____
____________________________________________________________
20. Lung cancer: explain
 Small cell lung cancer (oat cell
cancer):__________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________
 Large cell
cancers:__________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________
 Adenocarcinoma:__________________________________________________________________________
______________________
 Squamous cell
carcinomas_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________
 What are some s/s of lung
cancer?__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________