Pakistan Education
Sector Reforms
Efforts
Government of Pakistan
Ministry of Education
Scheme of Presentation
1.
Present Environment of Education:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Literacy Rates in Pakistan by Gender
Number of Institutions, Enrolment and Teaching Staff
Public Institutions: Missing Facilities
Educational Institutions by Medium of Instruction.
Comparative Summary of Enrolment
Enrollment & Drop-outs up to Intermediate Level 2000 &
2005
g. Enrolment by Gender and location
h. Vocational and Technical Institutions (Diploma and
Certificate Programs)
i. Number of Deeni Madaris by Enrolment and Teaching
Staff
2.
Budgetary Allocation for Education
3.
Reforms Undertaken
2
Present Environment of Education
a. Literacy Rate in Pakistan by Gender
Census 1998 (in %)
PSLM 2004-05 (in %)
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
44
55
32
53
65
40
46.6
57.2
35.1
55
65
45
Urban
63.7
69.8
56.7
72
80
62
Rural
25.7
37.9
12.2
38
56
18
Total
45.3
54.5
34.8
56
68
41
NWFP
35.4
51.4
18.8
45
64
26
Balochistan
24.8
34.0
14.1
37
52
19
Pakistan
Punjab
Sindh
Sources:
Population Census, 1998 and Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) Survey 2004-05
3
b. Number of Institutions, Enrolment and
Teaching Staff
Area
Educational
Institutions
NonEnrolment
Functional
Teaching
Staff
Pakistan
227,791
12,737
33,379,578
1,356,802
Punjab
110,459
2,742
18,298,608
716,768
Sindh
51,006
7,442
6,552,795
290,749
NWFP
37,761
1,781
5,206,932
198,893
Balochistan
10,986
306
1,110,162
50,893
ICT
1,189
23
390,888
19,387
FATA
5,145
123
605,437
22,079
Northern
Area
3,977
128
354,962
15,196
AJK
7,268
192
859,794
42,837
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
4
c. Public Institutions: Missing Facilities
Province
Without
Boundary
Wall
2000
2005
Without
Drinking
Water
2000
2005
Without
Electricity
2000
2005
without
Latrine
2000
2005
Without
Building
2000
2005
Pakistan 72865 53,481 56,094 46,766 99,597 81,633 78,655 57,216 21,126 9,776
Punjab
29,850 18,339 12,918 13,690 43,110 32,189 36,652 22,206
6,946 3,433
Sindh
18,689 14,838 17,910 11,586 25,005 22,149 18,815 12,842
9,834 4,001
NWFP
12,093 9,014 12,740
9,774
17,359 13,716 11,138 10,392
2,201
1,214
Balochistan
7,656
5,447
9,010
5,621
2,152
6,950
8,738
6,137
1,481
585
63
51
54
32
41
20
56
39
06
-
FATA
1,839
1,275
1,852
2,013
1,797
2,045
1,839
2,079
110
292
FANA
910
748
492
1,085
903
1,033
1,126
738
104
36
1,765
3,769
1,118
2,965
1,614
3,531
1,774
2,783
444
215
ICT
AJK
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
5
d. Educational Institutions by Medium of
Instruction
Type
Total
Boys
Girls
Mixed
Public
Boys
Girls
Mixed
Private
Boys
Girls
Mixed
# of
Institutions
227791
57868
48475
121448
151,744
50,265
41878
59,601
76,047
6,597
7,602
61,847
* It includes Pushto, Balochi, Arabic
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
Medium of Instruction (in %)
Urdu English Sindhi
Others*
64.6
10.4
15.5
9.5
77.3
2.9
6.7
13.2
78.3
2.6
9.3
9.8
53.1
17.1
22.2
7.6
68.3
1.4
22.4
7.9
82.2
1.2
7.5
9.1
80.6
1.4
6.7
11.3
48.0
1.6
43.4
7.0
57.2
28.4
1.8
12.7
63.7
10.7
2.6
23.0
44.4
1.4
1.3
52.9
58.0
32.1
1.7
7.7
6
e. Comparative Summary of Enrollment
Enrolment at all levels (Primary to Tertiary)
Area
2000
2003
Increase in
% over 2000
2005
Increase in
% over 2000
Pakistan
22,584,640 23,871,551
5.7
33,379,578
47.8
Punjab
12,574,349 13,193,556
4.9
18,298,608
45.5
Sindh
4,391,594
4,765,061
8.5
6,552,795
49.2
NWFP
3,473,481
3,619,894
4.2
5,206,932
49.9
Balochistan
841,033
881,279
4.8
1,110,162
32.0
ICT
190,520
206,579
8.4
390,888
105.2
FATA
436,107
499,921
14.6
605,437
38.0
FANA
125,017
140,484
12.4
354,962
184.0
AJK
552,539
564,724
2.2
859,794
55.6
*Increase based on base year 2000
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
7
f. Enrollment & Drop-outs up to Intermediate
Level 2000 & 2005
Student Enrolment in Public Institutions
1999-2000
Up to Class 12
0.076
Up to Class 10
1.311
Up to Class 8
3.074
Dropouts
1999-2000
2004-05
Inter & HSSC*
Secondary
Middle
0.708
1.479
3.323
30.14%
22.41%
0.023
0.294
Dropout
Stage
Dropouts
2004-05
15.7%
15.68%
During Inter/HSSC
0.111
0.539
36.44%
0.232
24.5%
0.753
15.9%
1.316
During Secondary (SSC)
39.60%
0.528
Up to Class 5
12.480
Primary
6.865
14.829
53.0%
6.614
Total: 20.339 Million
46.30% After Primary
31.3%
Total: 7.684 Million
Total eligible for enrolment (3 to 16 age group):
Enrolment in Public and Private Institutions:
Enrolment in Public Sector:
Children do not enroll.
* Data for Inter/HSSC relate to Academic Year 2000-01.
During Primary
Total: 5.512 Million
1999-2000
Note: (i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
After Middle
During Middle
4.641
Total: 16.941 Million
After Secondary
50.270 million
25.072 million
16.941 million
25.198 million
2004-2005
52.256 million
33.379 million
21.258 million
18.877 million
8
g. Enrolment by Gender and Location
Province/Area
Total
Pakistan
33,379,578
Punjab
18,298,608
Sindh
6,552,795
NWFP
5,206,932
Balochistan
1,110,162
ICT
390,888
FATA
605,437
Northern
Area
354,962
AJK
859,794
Male
18,981,213
57%
9,795,492
54%
3,844,929
59%
3,322,543
64%
713,683
64%
208,998
53%
440,285
73%
190,621
54%
464,662
54%
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
Female
14,398,365
43%
8,503,116
46%
2,707,866
41%
1,884,389
36%
396,479
36%
181,890
47%
165,152
27%
164,341
46%
395,132
46%
Rural
19,159,897
57%
10,374,093
57%
2,551,368
39%
3,936,925
76%
662,447
60%
90,722
23%
605,437
100%
288,641
81%
650,264
76%
Urban
14,219,681
43%
7,924,515
43%
4,001,427
61%
1,270,007
24%
447,715
40%
300,166
77%
-
66,321
19%
209,530
24%
9
h. Vocational and Technical Institutions
(Diploma and Certificate Programs)
Area
Institutions
Enrolment
Teachers
Pakistan
3,059
238,687
15,339
Punjab
1,455
116,412
7,883
Sindh
454
57,855
2,780
NWFP
727
48,342
3114
Balochistan
48
4,538
451
ICT
54
3,612
265
FATA
35
1,520
134
FANA
186
7,633
272
AJK
100
5,045
440
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
10
i. Number of Deeni Madaris by Enrolment and
Teaching staff
Area
Pakistan
No. of
Deeni
Madaris
Covered
No. of
No. of Deeni
Deeni
Madaris
Madaris for
Refusal
which Data
is Collected
Enrolment
Teaching
Staff
12979
826
12153
1549242
58391
Punjab
5459
159
5300
674281
24977
Sindh
1935
119
1816
312693
11951
NWFP
2843
275
2568
336983
12058
769
99
670
65597
2891
77
15
62
10557
657
FATA
135
43
92
14162
481
FANA
1193
39
1154
88540
3160
568
77
491
46429
2216
Balochistan
ICT
AJK
Source: National Education Census (NEC), 2006
11
Budgetary Allocation for Education
(Rs. In Billion)
Ministry of Education
Higher Education Commission
Other Federal Ministries
Punjab
Sindh
NWFP
Balochistan
AJK
FATA
FANA
Total (Public Sector)
Total (Private Sector)
Grand Total
GDP(mp) (Economic survey 2005-06) on
current factor cost.
Education Budget as % of GDP
*Estimated
2000-01
5.08
2.90
31.39
16.16
11.35
4.73
2.25
1.49
0.49
75.88
12.00
87.88
2005-06
6.8
22.20
7.40
60.75
28.90
18.23
8.86
3.75
2.10
0.98
160.00
35.91
195.91
2006-07
9.55
27.58
7.59
83.97
39.92
23.68
9.63
4.63
3.78
1.39
211.77
40.69*
252.46
3,863
7,713
-
2.27%
2.53%
-
Source: Details of demands for grants and appropriations 2006-07, GoP, Finance Div. Budget books of the Govt. of Punjab, Sindh, NWFP,
Balochistan and AJ&K for 2006-07. Official communications from various Federal Ministries/Divisions addressed to the MoE. Official
Communications from the District Governments to the MoE.
12
Reforms Undertaken
1. Uniform academic session from 1st of September
throughout the country.
2. Free education upto Matriculation.
3. Provision of free textbooks.
4. Grant of scholarships and incentives to girl
students.
5. English language compulsory from Class-1
onwards.
6. Composite examination at Matric level
throughout the country from 2007, province of
Sindh will adopt it in 2008.
7. Provision of missing facilities in schools through
PESR (Rs. 1.05 billion for 2006-07).
Continue…
13
8.
Introduction of English as medium of
instruction for Science, Mathematics and
Computer Science. Islamiyat and Pakistan
Studies in Urdu in all schools.
9.
Social Studies for Classes VI-VIII bifurcated
into History and Geography as compulsory
subjects.
10.
New Scheme of Studies approved and notified
with effect from 2007.
11.
Budgetary allocations for education increased.
Continue…
14
12.
New curriculum:
 Information Technology / Computer Education from
Class-VI.
 All duplication in subjects eliminated.
 Contents do not reflect thinking of any particular sect
/ school of thought.
 Ethics, moral education and Haqooq-ul-ibad
included.
 Curriculum upgraded to ensure latest developments /
ideas in science and technology. Progressive with
vertical and horizontal linkages.
 New Groups i.e. Medical Technology Group and
Computer Science Group introduced in Class XI-XII.
Continue…
15
13.
Ordinance issued for regulatory authority for
registration of private sector educational
institutions.
14.
Format of the question papers for the Board
examinations revised. The papers will have
three parts:
i.
20% objective questions. The questions will have
multiple choices.
ii. 50% questions for short answers.
iii. 30% questions for descriptive answers.
-
During 2006 teachers being trained to prepare
children to answer questions on this pattern from
2007.
Continue…
16
NAVTEC established to ensure:
15.
i.
ii.
iii.
16.
17.
18.
Vocational Schools: at each Tehsil and at industrial
clusters. All dropout from schools be encouraged to
enroll.
Polytechnic Institutes: at District level for matriculates
to produce technicians /supervisors.
Technical Colleges: 4/5 in each province for F.Sc.
qualified students to produce technical graduates.
Teacher’s status improved, recruitment of female
teachers given priority.
National textbook policy formulated.
Curriculum for the following eleven core compulsory
subjects have been revised:
Islamiat
Urdu
English
Pakistan Studies
History
III-XII
I-XII
I-XII
IX-X
VI– VIII
Physics
Chemistry
Biology
Mathematics
General Science
Geography
IX-XII
IX-XII
IX-XII
I-XII
IV-VIII
VI-VIII
17
Thank You