18-19th century cultural movement
Began in Germany & England
Influenced by folklore & historical tales, and fed by nationalism
Included art, music & literature
Aspects are religion, exoticism, individualism, emotion and nature
William Wordsworth
 ON THE EXTINCTION OF THE VENETIAN REPUBLIC, 1802
 by: William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
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ONCE did she hold the gorgeous East in fee;
And was the safeguard of the West:
the worth Of Venice did not fall below her birth,
Venice, the eldest Child of Liberty.
She was a maiden City, bright and free;
No guile seduced, no force could violate;
And, when she took unto herself a mate,
She must espouse the everlasting Sea.
And what if she had seen those glories fade,
Those titles vanish, and that strength decay;
Yet shall some tribute of regret be paid
When her long life hath reach'd its final day:
Men are we, and must grieve when even the Shade
Of that which once was great is pass'd away.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
 (1749-1832)
 German
 Influenced many
modern literary talents
 Best known for poem
Faust
Ludvig van Beethoven
 1770-1827
 Romantic composer,
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classical composer
Became deaf at age 30
Suffered from depression
An immense amount of
music and personality is
depicted in the movie
Immortal Beloved
Ninth Symphony is best
example of Romantic work
Guiseppe Verdi
 1813-1901
 Italian nationalist & opera
composer
 Best known for Rigoletto,
Requiem, Otello, & Falstaff
 Examples of Aida are famous for
the tenors who have sung, i.e. –
Luciano Pavoratti
Richard Wagner
 1813-1833
 German composer, best
known for operas
 Noted works: The Ring of
the Nibelung (Ride of the
Valkyries) & Tristan und
Isolde
 Develops chromaticism
 Influences German
nationalists, Nazis, antiSemites, pop culture
(Apocalypse Now)
Jacques-Louis David
 1748-1825
 Starts in Neoclassical style then moves to Romantic
with nationalism of French Revolutions
 See Oath of the Horatii, Death of Marat & Napoleon
 Sympathizes with French revolution, but later proNapoleon
Eugene Delacroix
 1798-1863
 Considered greatest French Romantic painter
 Use of color, exotic locales, nationalism & emotion
 Influences impressionist artists with color
JMW Turner
 1775-1851
 English artist
 Landscape
 Incorporates Industrial Revolution into art
 Recluse
 Famous for Dido building Carthage, Rain, Steam and
Speed, & Grand Canal, Venice
19th century art movement
Start in France as reaction to Romanticism
Artists want to show life as it truly is
Benefits from new technology such as camera
Charles Dickens
 1812-1870
 British author
 Prolific
 Great Expectations, Oliver Twist,
A Christmas Carol, A Tale of Two
Cities
Honoré de Balzac
 1799-1850
 French journalist
 Friends with many Romantic
writers
 Serialized works to gain most
money
 Criticized monarchies (Napoleon &
Louis Philippe)
 The Human Comedy
Honoré Daumier
 1808-79
 French painter, satirist, sculptor, caricaturist
 Focuses on lower classes
 Shows compassion
 Admired by other artists, even impressionists
 Best known for 3rd class carriage, Gargantua & the
Collector
Gustave Courbet
 1819-77
 Considered best of realist painters
 French
 Mixes politics with art
 Paints nudes
 Famous for The Stone Breakers, Burial at Ornans &
Artist’s Studio
 Influnences impressionists
19th century-20th century cultural movement
Encompasses art, music & literature (mainly paintings)
Tries to capture first glimpse of scene
Uses unmixed paints
Starts in France as reaction against realism
Sets stage for modern art movements
Claude Debussy
 1862 – 1918
 French composer
 Child prodigy
 Prelude & Nocturnes change
career
 Wanted “free music”
 Died of cancer
Maurice Ravel
 1875 - 1937
 Friends with Debussy
 Meticulous, worked with
all instruments
 Series of accidents
 Transporter in WWI
 Famous for Bolero
 Died of Pick’s Disease
Claude Monet
 1840-1926
 Most famous painter
 French
 Caricaturist, landscape artist, impressionist
 Blind by end of career
 Famous for series of paintings
 Started with Impression: Sunrise
Edgar Degas
 1834-1917
 French painter, mostly pastels
 Horses and dancers
 Also known for portraits
 Subjects off-center
Bibliography
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HuntFor.com. Realism, 1850-1880. 1999-2007. http://www.huntfor.com/arthistory/c19th/realism.htm. Retrieved
November 8, 2009.
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Pioch, Nicholas. WebMuseum, Paris - Impressionism. 19 Jun 2006.
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Bibliography - continued
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Pioch, Nicholas. Delacroix, Eugene. 04 Aug 2002. http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/delacroix/. Retrieved
November 8, 2009.
Merriman, CD. Charles Dickens. 2006. http://www.online-literature.com/dickens/. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
Great Expectations. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXyo68s-f1E&feature=related. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
Merriman, CD. Honore de Balzac. 2006. http://www.online-literature.com/honore_de_balzac/. Retrieved November 8,
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Gargantua. http://www.abcgallery.com/D/daumier/daumier88.JPG. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
Pioch, Nicholas. Daumier, Honore. 14 Jul 2002. http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/daumier/. Retrieved November
8, 2009.
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Pioch, Nicholas, Courbet, Gustave. 19 Dec 2003. http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/courbet/. Retrieved on
November 8, 2009.
Schwartz, Steve. Claude Debussy. 1995-2009. http://www.classical.net/~music/comp.lst/debussy.php. Retrieved
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http://www.wolfgangdavid.com/violinist/PhotosWebsite/Claude%20Debussy.jpg. Retrieved November 8, 2009.
Hecht, Roger. Maurice Ravel. http://www.classical.net/~music/comp.lst/ravel.php. Retrieved on November 8, 2009.
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