Have out your bell work and spiral.
Test Friday over Enlightenment, American and French Revolutions.

Bell Work Week 14: Wednesday 04.22.15
▪ Respond to the following in complete sentences in the space for Wednesday on your bell work paper.
▪ Give me two examples of why the Bill of Rights is important to you. Support your answer.

Unit 9: Enlightenment and Revolution
Reading Summary 18.1
Notes French Revolution
Unit 8: Age of Absolutism
Pop-up notes Absolute Monarchs
Reading Summary 16.1
Reading Summary 16.2
Chart of Monarchies
Reading Summary 16.3
English Civil War
Unit 9: Enlightenment and Revolution
Chart of Enlightened Thinkers
Reading Summary 17.2
Definitions
Summary 17.3
Timeline
Notes
Reading Summary 18.1
Notes: French Revolution

How did enlightened thinkers inspire revolutionaries to push for radical changes in government and society?

Topical Questions
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What were the social divisions of France’s old order?
What were some reasons for France’s economic troubles in 1789?
Why did Louis XVI call the Estates-General and what was the result?
Why did Parisians storm the Bastille?

Text Marking:
Read Silently.
Under the main idea.
Circle Vocabulary words.
Name Class Date
Under France’s ancien régime , there were three social classes, or estates . The First Estate was the clergy, who enjoyed great wealth and privilege. The Second Estate was the titled nobility. They held top jobs in government, the army, and the courts. The vast majority of the population, including the bourgeoisie, or middle class, formed the Third Estate. The bulk of the Third Estate consisted of rural peasants. The poorest members of the Third Estate were urban workers.
Members of the Third Estate resented the privileges enjoyed by their social “betters.” The First and Second Estates, for example, were exempt from most taxes, while peasants paid taxes on many things, including necessities. Then Enlightenment ideas led people to question the inequalities of the old social structure. The Third
Estate demanded that the privileged classes pay their share.
Economic troubles added to the social unrest. Deficit spending had left France deeply in debt. In the 1780s, bad harvests sent food prices soaring. Louis XVI chose Jacques Necker as an economic advisor. Later, the king was forced to dismiss Necker for proposing to tax the First and Second Estates. The crisis deepened. Powerful nobles and clergy called for a meeting of the Estates-General to try to control reform. Louis XVI finally set a meeting at Versailles.
Beforehand, the king asked all three estates to prepare cahiers listing their grievances. Some lists demonstrated the high level of resent- ment among the classes.
The Estates-General met in May 1789. After weeks of stalemate, delegates of the Third Estate abandoned the Estates-General and formed the National Assembly. Later, when they were locked out of their meeting place, the members of the new legislature took their famous Tennis Court Oath. They swore never to separate until they had established a just constitution.
On July 14, 1789, the streets of Paris buzzed with rumors that royal troops were going to occupy the city. More than 800 Parisians assembled outside the Bastille, demanding weaponry stored there.
When the commander refused, the enraged mob stormed the
Bastille, sparking the French Revolution.
Annotate in the margin
Review Questions
1. How was society structured under France’s ancien régime?
2. What economic troubles did France face in the 1780s?
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Once you have read the summary and marked the text, answer the questions.

The ancien régime separated everyone in French society into one of three estates:
First Estate
Clergy
Second Estate Nobility
Third Estate
About 95 percent of the population, including the bourgeoisie, urban workers, and rural peasants

The first two estates enjoyed most of the wealth and privileges of France.
The Church
•Owned 10 percent of the land
•Collected tithes
•Paid no direct taxes to the state
The nobility
•Had right to top jobs in government, the army, the courts, and the Church
•Paid no taxes

Economic Woes
Years of deficit spending had put the government deeply in debt.
The government needed to increase taxes, reduce expenses, or both.

Recommendations: Jacques Necker
• Reduce extravagant court spending
• Reform government
• Abolish tariffs on internal trade
• Tax the First and Second Estates
▪ Advisor fired. Called for the Estates General.

Before the meeting, Louis had all the estates prepare cahiers listing their grievances.
• Fairer taxes!
• Freedom of the press!
• Regular meetings of the Estates-
General!

A stalemate was created because each estate met separately and had one vote.
1 vote
First Estate
1 vote
Second Estate
1 vote
Third Estate
▪ The Third Estate wanted the votes to be together and counted by heads rather than estates.

In June 1789, members of the Third Estate declared themselves to be the National Assembly and the true representatives of the people.
They were locked out of their meeting hall and moved to a tennis court .
▪ The members of the National
Assembly took the
Tennis Court
Oath.

Louis XVI was forced to accept the new body.
Rumors spread that the king planned to dissolve the National Assembly.

800 Parisians stormed the Bastille.
• Demanded weapons they thought were stored there.
• Shots were fired.
• The crowd stormed the
Bastille.
• The fall of the Bastille challenged the existence of the ancien régime.

Independent Practice
▪ Finish Chapter 18.1 section summary.
▪ Finish Chapter 17 vocabulary.
▪ Test on Friday: 40 questions Multiple Choice and
Matching.