First Semester Final Exam_Study Guide
Name:___________________________
Be able to answer the following questions to ensure success on the final exam.
What amendment guaranteed suffrage for women? :C.2.c
Prior to a constitutional amendment, women had been given the right to vote in state and local
elections in which of the following geographic areas? :C.2.c
Be able to describe influencing factors, leaders, and splits in the women’s suffrage movement. :C.2.c
In what area was President Taft more progressive (or effective) than his critics willing to admit? :C.2.c
Know the purpose of Teddy Roosevelt’s “Square Deal” and the belief that guided him as a trustbuster.
:C.2.c
What affect did the Progressive era have on the relationship of government to society? C.2.c
What were common themes of muckrackers? C.2.c
What was the effect of the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act? C.2.a
What was the main topic of William Jennings Bryan’s 1896 “Cross of Gold” speech? :C.2.a
Members of which group were most likely to belong to the Populist Party? :C.2.a
What event represented the culmination of the U.S. government’s military operations against Native
Americans? C.1.h
Know what assimilation is and be able to identify quotes that express it. C.1.h
Know the significance of the Dawes Act C.1.h
Be able to identify Native American leaders who worked against efforts to displace their people. C.1.h
Know Frederick Turner’s frontier thesis and alternative ideas about what geographic areas help form
American culture. C.1.g
Where did the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads meet, completing the first transcontinental
railroad in 1869? C.1.g
What were the impacts of barbed wire? C.1.g
Be able to define the long drive and know the start points and end points. C.1.g
Who were the exodusters? C.1.g
What laws and principles did the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson uphold? C.1.f
Compare and contrast the ideas about achieving equality of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois.
C.1.f
Know the difference between de jure and de facto segregation and know what geography areas you
would find each. C.1.f
Extensive wood-frame construction in homes and business contributed to which major fire? C.1.e
How did political machines maintain power of many city governments? C.1.e
Be able to identify Jane Addams, her work within certain charity movements, and how she was honored
for her work. C.1.e
Be able to define and describe melting pot. C.1.d
Understand why nativists worried about the “new” immigrants in the late 19th century and be able to
identify legislation that restricted the immigration of certain unwanted racial groups. C.1.d
Be able to identify Robber Barons. C.1.c
Be able to define Social Darwinism. C.1.c
Understand the causes of labor strikes in the late 19th century. C.1.c
Remember that the Knights of Labor was the first union that opened membership of women, blacks,
and most ethnic minorities. C.1.c
Know the effects of mail-order catalogues such as the Sears & Roebuck Co.. C.1.b
Expanded the market for consumer goods
Be able to define vertical and horizontal integration. C.1.b
Vertical- controlling production and distribution processes- increases efficiency and profit
Horizontal- buying out or merging with competitors
Know how skyscrapers changed cities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. C.1.a
Along with the invention of the elevator, they helped cities grow vertically
Be able to identify and connect significant inventions of Thomas Edison. C.1.a
Lightbulb is possible because of the electric generator
Understand factors that impacted the development of US industrial infrastructure in the late 19th
century. C.1.a
Revolutionary changes in steel production and the growth of railroads
Know how the right to vote was stripped from African Americans in the Jim Crow South and be able to
identify images that capture the effects of the loss of political rights for blacks. B.3.e
Through poll taxes, literacy tests, and Grandfather clause
Know the different plans for Reconstruction of the following groups/people: Lincoln, Johnson, and
Radical Republicans. B.3.e
Lincoln- lenient; 10% plan. Johnson- basically same as Lincoln. Radical Repubs- demanded equality,
voting rights, land, and education for former slaves
Know the Reconstruction Amendments: 13th, 14th, and 15th. B.3.c&e
13th- abolished slavery. 14th- citizenship for freedmen, equal protection under the law. 15th- can’t deny
vote based on race, color, or prior condition of servitude
Understand the effect of the Emancipation Proclamation on the North’s war aims. B.3.b
Extended the North’s war aims to include abolition
Know the different ways you could avoid the draft (Enrollment Act) during the Civil War, and the effects
of these policies. B.3.a
Commutation- paying your way out. Substitution- hiring someone to take your place
Know the Anaconda Plan and its goals during the Civil War. B.3.a
Union plan against the Confederacy- to stop the supplies getting to the south with a blockade of land
and sea
Know the chronological order of the following events that led to the Civil War: John Brown’s raid; South
Carolina secession; Missouri Compromise; Kansas-Nebraska Act. B.2.b
Missouri Compromise; Kansas-Nebraska Act; John Brown’s raid; South Carolina secession
Know the regional economic differences during the 19th century between the North and the South. B.2.f
North specialized in manufactured goods; the South specialized in cotton
Know how abolitionists responded to the Fugitive Slave Act. B.2.d
They urged caution to the blacks in cities in the North and proposed that white citizens do not comply
with the law
Know the routes of the Underground Railroad. B.2.d
They from the South down into Mexico and the Caribbean, and north into the northern states and to
Canada
Know tactics of the temperance movement. B.2.c
They would picket bars and saloons, implore individuals to change their ways
Be able to define transcendentalism. B.2.c
Philosophical movement that believed universal truths of life linked people everywhere, and that
humans were perfectable
Which group’s goal was to return slaves to Africa? B.2.c
The American Colonization Society
Which Supreme Court case decision implied that Congress could do nothing about slavery in the
territories? B.2.b
Dred Scott v. Sanford
How would a territory decided whether or not to allow slavery based on the Compromise of 1850 or the
Kansas-Nebraska Act? B.2.b
Through popular sovereignty
Describe the work conditions of women in the Lowell textile mills. B.2.a
Long hours, shortness of time for meals, no time for education.
What was the effect of the Indian Removal Act? B.1.l
The Five Civilized Tribes were moved to an area west of the Mississippi River, into what is now
Oklahoma
Why did many Northerners object to war with Mexico in 1846? B.1.k
Victory could result in the expansion of slavery
Define the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787. B.1.k
They provided for the surveying and settlement of the land between the Appalachian Mountains and
the Mississippi River
The view that states should have the right to nullify federal laws that violate the Bill of Rights were first
proposed as a response to what unpopular laws? B.1.j
The Alien and Sedition Acts
Why did the framers of the Constitution institute checks and balances? B.1.i
To prevent power from becoming too concentrated in one branch of government
What was the main significance of Shays’ Rebellion? B.1.h
It revealed the inability of the weak central government (under the Articles of Confederation) to
maintain order
Who’s help was essential for America winning the Revolutionary War? B.1.g
The French. The overconfident British generals could not effectively counter the French aid to the
colonies
Which Enlightenment views on government are most reflected in the Declaration of Independence?
:B.1.f
Natural rights
Be able to identify two examples of colonial participation in government. B.1.e
New England town meetings and the Virginia House of Burgesses
Trading, shipbuilding, and fishing were important to the economy of which colonial region? B.1.d
New England
What was significant about the colony of Rhode Island? B.1.b
The first colony to provide a place for religious freedom for all denominations
What impact did tobacco have on Jamestown? B.1.a
It helped Jamestown survive as the first permanent British settlement in America