Chapter 13 Review

What is the term to describe an individual living thing?

Organism

A variety of living things in an ecosystem.

Biodiversity

Biotic or Abiotic?

Turtle?

Biotic

Lemon Tree?

Biotic

Rock

Abiotic

Water

Abiotic

Flower

Biotic

Mushroom

Biotic

Give two names to describe an organism that makes its own food.

Producer and Autotroph

Name the process in which organisms make carbohydrates from chemicals.

Chemosynthesis

Give two names to describe an organism that has to eat other things to get their energy.

Consumer and Heterotroph

Organism that eats only plants.

Herbivore

Organism that eats only one specific or very few things.

Specialist

Organism that eats only meat.

Carnivore

An organism that breaks down organic material and recycles it back to the environment.

Decomposer

Name 3 Decomposers.

Bacteria
Fungi
Worms

Organism that eats plants and animals.

Omnivore

Organism that eats a variety of things.

Generalist

A species that has a large effect on an ecosystem.

Keystone Species

What type of consumer is an herbivore?

Primary Consumer

A group of the same species in an area.

Population

Global community of organisms characterized by climate.

Biome

Term to describe all living and nonliving things in an area.

Ecosystem

Name the 3 biogeochemical cycles.

Water (Hydrologic)
Nitrogen
Carbon

What is transpiration?

Evaporation from plants.

What element is a major component of all living things?

Carbon

Name 3 fossil fuels.

Coal, oil, natural gas.

What is condensation?

Water vapor (gas) changes into liquid.

What is the process in which bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonium?

Nitrogen Fixation

What percent of the atmosphere is oxygen?

21 %

What percent of the atmosphere is made of nitrogen?

78 %

What percent of energy is passed to the next trophic level?

10 %

Name the process in which bacteria convert organic nitrogen into ammonium?

Ammonification

What trophic level is a producer on?

First Trophic Level

What percent of energy is lost to the environment as heat between each trophic level?

90 %

What trophic level on an energy pyramid is a secondary consumer located on?

Third Trophic Level

Make a food chain and include 4 organisms.

Grass  insect  spider  small bird  snake  hawk