The Ear
1. The outer ear collects sound
waves.
2. The sound waves make the
eardrum vibrate.
3. The eardrum causes 3 tiny
bones to vibrate. (hammer, anvil,
stirrup)
4. The tiny bones make the fluid in
the cochlea vibrate.
5. This causes tiny hair cells to
vibrate (in cochlea).
6. Vibrations are passed to the
auditory nerve which leads to the
brain.
7. The brain interprets sound!
What did one ear say
to the other ear
before they went
over the waterfall?
What did one ear say
to the other ear
before they went
over the waterfall?
Ear we go!
Doppler Effect
How we see.
1. Light passes through the transparent cornea.
2. The light that passes through the opening of the pupil, the amount of light is controlled by the iris
contracting and releasing.
3. The light is reflected through the lens and the image is projected upside down on the retina.
4. The cones on the retina respond to different frequencies of light (colors)
5. The optic nerve transmits information to the brain.
6. The brain interprets the information from the optic nerve and you see the world around you.
Why do we see color?
When our eyes see different wavelengths
of light in the visible spectrum, we see
colors.
http://www.astronomynotes.com/light/colorswvl.gif
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What we actually see is the light an
object reflects or in some cases the
light an object produces.
For example, a red book only reflects red light:
White
Only red light is
reflected
light
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A pair of purple pants would reflect purple light
(and red and blue, as purple is made up of red and blue):
Purple light
A white hat would reflect all seven colours:
White
light
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What about an outfit?
Shirt looks red
White
light
Shorts look blue
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Black
When you see black, all of the wavelengths of
light are absorbed and no light is reflected back
at you.
Nothing is
reflected.
White
light
All visible light is
absorbed.
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The Electromagnetic Spectrum
• Different
wavelengths of
EM waves.
• These
wavelengths of
light and others
make up a
spectrum.
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On the Spectrum…
Left Side
Right Side
Type of Wave
Wavelength
Frequency
Energy
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VISIBLE LIGHT
Electromagnetic
waves we can
see.
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Visible Spectrum
• The visible
spectrum contains
seven colors.
• Each of these
colors corresponds
with a particular
wavelength.
– Longest wavelength=
red light
– Shortest wavelength=
violet (purple) light
http://ldt.stanford.edu/ldt1999/Students/tita/mjrproj/color/waverevie
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How can I remember the seven
colors of the visible spectrum?
ROY G BIV
E R E
D A L
N L
G O
E W
R
E
E
N
LN
UD
EI
G
O
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White Light
• White light is not a single color; it is
made up of a mixture of the seven
colors of the rainbow.
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Colour
We can
demonstrate
this by
splitting white
light with a
prism:
•This is how
rainbows are
formed: sunlight
is “split up” by
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