Making Measurements Review p.4-5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
9.9 cm
103 mm
10.8 cm
115 mm
12.7 cm
6)
7)
8)
9)
130 mm
13.6 cm
14.1 cm
147 mm
Measuring Mass
10. 324.2 g
11. 117.1 g
12. 51.4 g
13. 403.5 g
Measuring Volume
41ml
244 ml
7.9 ml
28 ml
208 ml
1.1 ml
159 ml
8.8 ml
Measuring Temperature
77 ˚
63 ˚
5˚
66 ˚
What is Density?
p.6
What is VOLUME?
• How much space matter takes up
What is MASS?
• How much matter (stuff) there is in an object.
How could volume and mass determine if
something sinks or floats in water?
• Write your own ideas. Don’t be afraid to be
wrong.
Part A: Cola Demo
Observations:
• What are the different characteristics of each
can of coke?
• Which are the differences between mass and
volume of the two cans?
Hypothesis:
Data: Was your prediction correct? Why or why
not?
What is Density?
• How much matter (mass) there is in a
certain amount of space (volume).
• If you drop an object into a lake it would do one
of two things- sink or float. Explain what is
necessary for something to float or sink in a
substance.
• Explain what happened in the demonstration
using the words volume, mass, density, sink,
and float.
Sink or Float Lab
• Problem: What materials
will sink, swim, or float in
water.
• Materials: 3 film
canisters, a tub of water,
and various objects.
• Objective: You must
create three film canisters.
One that sinks, one that
Canister 1 – Float (at least part if
floats, and one that is
it is above the surface)
suspended in water.
Canister 2 – Swim (suspended)
Canister 3 – Sink (all the way)
General Procedure
• Modify 3 film canisters using the 8 objects available.
• Use cup to gather your objects from the back table.
• You may use only one type or a combination of
objects
• Your canister must be filled with objects.
• Write the materials and procedure your group
followed.
• Fill out data table.
• Clean up:
▫ Empty out all canisters and return materials to back
table (If cotton balls are wet, throw them away)
▫ Dry you are and leave it cleaner than you found it.
• You have 15 minutes to complete! GO!!!
Density
Notes and Activities p.8
What is density?
• Density is a comparison of how much matter
there is in a certain amount of space.
▫ Higher density = more crowded molecules
(packed together)
▫ In general, density of matter gets lower as it
moves from solid to gas and higher as it moves
from gas to solid. Why?
• You need to know the mass of the object or
substance
• You need to know the volume of the
container or the object
Note: 1 mL = 1 cm³
Density formula and Units
• Density = mass OR mass ÷ volume
volume
• Units for density: g
cm3
or g or Kg
ml
L
• Why are these the units for density?
▫ They are the units for mass (g)
divided by the units for volume (cm3, ml).
ALWAYS
REMEMBER
UNITS!
D=
Which one is more dense (denser)?
• Which square has higher density? Why?
• Why? Same volume greater mass
Which one is more dense (denser)?
• Now which one has higher density? Why?
• Why? Same mass less volume
Density of water
• The density of water is 1g/ml
(or one gram per milliliter)
• If a substance has a lower density
(less density) than water it will
float.
• If an object or substance has a
higher density (greater density)
than water it will sink.
Let’s Practice (we’ll do these
together)
• Frank has a paper clip. It has a mass of 1g and a
volume of 1cm3. What is its density?
1 g ÷ 1cm3 = _____
Answer: 1 g/cm3
Will it sink, swim, or Float in water?
• Frank also has an eraser. It has a mass of 5g, and
a volume of 9cm3. What is its density?
5 g ÷ 9 cm3 = ________
Answer: 0.6 g/cm3
Will it sink, swim, or Float in water?
Work on these problems with your neighbor.
• Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of 10g and
a volume of 5cm3. What is the density of the
rock?
10g / 5cm3 = 2g/cm3
Will it sink, swim, or Float in water?
• Jill has a gel pen. The gel pen has a mass of 8g
and a volume of 4cm3. What is the density of the
gel pen?
8g/ 4cm3 = 2 g/cm3
Will it sink, swim, or Float in water?
Now, try these on your own.
• Alicia has a watch. It has a mass of 50g and a volume
of 25cm3. What is the density of the watch?
50g/25cm3 = 2 g/cm3
Will it sink, swim, or Float in water?
• Mia has a wallet. It has a mass of 25g and a volume of
40cm3. What is the density of the wallet?
25g/40cm3= 0.63 g/cm3
Will it sink, swim, or Float in water?
Eggciting Density Demo
• Explain how the density of freshwater is
different from the density of saltwater.
• Predict what will happen (sink, or float) to an
egg in freshwater?______ Salt water? ______
• Watch Teacher demo
• Draw what happened.
• Why did that happen?
Review
1. What is the formula for density? D=m/v
2. How do we know if an object will float or not?
Less dense than the substance = float
3. If two objects have the same mass but different
volumes, which one will have a greater density?
The object with the smaller volume (more crowded)
4. If two objects have the same volume but different
mass, which one will have a greater density?
The object with the greater mass (more crowded)
5. Jake has a book, a ruler, and a balance. How can
Jake find the DENSITY of the book with the tools he
has? Use the balance to figure out mass, and the ruler for
volume (LxWxH). Then take mass and divide it by volume.
• Water Displacement Review. (Show your work!)
• Work on DENSITY PRACTICE (Show your work!)
• HOMEWORK: Riddle me this…Density!
Water Displacement Review p.7
1.
2.
3.
4.
35 – 30 = 5 ml
150 – 100 = 50 ml
22 – 20 = 2 ml
38 – 32 = 6ml
B. 40 – 30 = 10 ml
DENSITY PRACTICE P7
1.
5g/1mL = 5 g/mL
2.
0.5g/mL
3.
3g/mL
4.
0.5g/cm3
•
Object more likely to be wood (floats, less dense than water)
5.
4mL
6.
3g/mL
7.
Density of A = 8g/cm3
Density of B = 4g/cm3
Which material would make the bag for Alex? Why?
• B, it is less dense
In which material are the atoms closer together? How do you know?
• A, it is more dense
RIDDLE ME THIS…DENSITY P8-9
Letter #1 - 6.00g/mL : D
Letter #8 - 0.01Kg/L : S
Letter #2 - 6.81g/cm3 : Y
Letter #9 - 247.50g/L : M
Letter #3 - 2.36Kg/L : O
Letter #10 - 0.11g/mL : H
Letter #4 - 4.45g/mL : I
Letter #11 - 3.15g/mL : B
Letter #5 - 131.43mg/mL : L
Letter #12 - 8.80g/mL : N
Letter #6 - 3.57g/mL : R
Letter #13 - 0.65g/mL : A
Letter #7 - 0.46g/mL : U
Letter #14 - 0.73Kg/L : T
Letter #15 - 19.07g/mL : E
RIDDLE ME THIS…….DENSITY CONT.
• What did the gas say to the solid?
• Boy, you sure are dense!
• What was the solid’s response?
• At least I’m not an airhead!
The Great Density Field Trip
• Intro
• Question: Where is density the greatest given the different
areas/volumes?
• Hypothesis (ITB):
D= m/v
LOCATION
Classroom
Stair Landing
Between doors
Main entry way
Hallway Square
Lunch Room
MASS (higher, same, or
lower than classroom)
VOLUME (higher,
same, or lower
than classroom)
# of students x 1 kg= L=10 m
W= 11 m
H= 3 m
V= ?
DENSITY
(higher, same,
or lower than
classroom)
D=m/v
Density Field Trip – Analysis Questions
1. Where was our density the greatest? Where was it lowest?
– Stair landing, lunch room
2. If an object has a larger volume and a smaller mass, what does that
mean for its density? Explain.
– Lower density, because there are less particles in a larger space.
3. If you have 3 items of the same size (one is rubber, one is foam, and
one is steel), which one would have the greatest density? Why?
– Steel, because it has more mass so the particles would be closer
together.
4. If you have 20 atoms of oxygen in a small, medium, and large balloon,
which one will have the least density? Why?
– The large balloon because there is more space for the same mass.
Particles are further apart.
5. Was your hypothesis supported or not? Explain.
– Answers will vary.
Bell Ringer: Density Quiz
1. What is the density of a log that is
floating in a lake?
A. less than water
B. less than air
C. the same as water
D. more than water
2. A rock and a lead weight both sink
when dropped into a lake. What do
you know about their densities?
A.
B.
C.
D.
They have the same density.
They have different densities.
They are more dense than water.
They are less dense than water
cm3
3. If the volume of a rock is 8
and
its mass is 16 g, what is its density?
A.
B.
0.5 16g/8cm3
g/ cm3
C.= 1.0 g/ cm3
2 g/ cm3
D. 128 g/ cm3
2 g/cm3
4. A rock dropped in a graduated
cylinder raises the level of water
from35ml-20ml=15
20 to 35 mL. Theml
rock has a
mass45
of g/15
45 g. What
is the density of
ml
=
the rock?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1.3 g/3.0
mL g/ml
2.3 g/ mL
3.0 g /mL
4.5 g/ mL
5.A square chunk of plastic has a
length of 5 cm, width of 5 cm and
height of 5 cm. It has a mass of 200
x 5cm
x 5cm = 125 cm3
g.5cm
What
is its density?
A. 2.3 g/cm3
200
g/ 125 cm3
B. 0.12 g/cm3
C. 1.0 g/cm3
D. 1.6 g/cm3
= 1.6 g/cm3
Density Lab p 11-12
• Question/Problem: Which object has the least density?
Which is the densest? (Hypothesis must have prediction
for both)
• What are the two ways to measure volume? How will you
determine density?
– Volume: water displacement or LxWxH
– Mass: triple beam balance
– Density: Mass/Volume
Object
Mass
Volume
• Data Table (don’t forget units)
1. Dice
5.5 g
3 mL
Density
1.83 g/mL
2. Clay Ball
3.5 g
2 mL
1.75 g/mL
3. Penny
2.5 g
1 mL
2.5 g/mL
4. Rock
3.2 g
1.5 mL
2.13 g/mL
5. Eraser
2g
2 mL
1 g/mL
6.
Density Lab-Analysis Questions
1. Densest?
2. Least dense?
3. Which ones float on water? How do you
know?
a. More mass = more density
b. Less mass = less density
c. More volume = less density
d. Less volume = more density
1. More mass, less volume? = very high density
2. Less mass, more volume? = very low density
7. Draw particles
VERY DENSE
LESS DENSE
8. Conclusion: Start with restating the
question, end with the answer. Use the 5
sentence format we learned in class (poster
and on my website)
The GOLDEN Crown Dilemma p14
• What is density?
– How much mass is in a certain amount of volume
• Complete Data table
Crown #
1
2
3
4
5
Mass
1890 g
486 g
1404 g
3474 g
2034 g
Volume
180 cm3
180 cm3
180 cm3
180 cm3
180 cm3
Density
10.5 g/cm3
2.7 g/cm3
7.8 g/cm3
19.3 g/cm3
11.3 g/cm3
TGCD - Analysis Questions
1. What is each crown made of?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Silver
Aluminum
Steel
Gold
Mercury
2. Conclusion: 5 sentence composition
persuading the king.
HW: How dense can you get? P16-17
1 a. Float
b. 19.5 g/150 cm3= 0.13 g/cm3
6 a. It’s less dense than water
b. 0.9 g/cm3
2 a. 7.9 g/cm3
b. sink
7 a. 3.18 g/cm3
b. Sand is denser than water
3 a. Water displacement
b. 2.67 g/mL
8 a. 19.3 g/cm3
b. Gold is denser than sand
4 a. more dense
b. 2.92 g/cm3
c. YES
9 a. 8.96 g/cm3
b. No, gold is denser
5. 605,666 g
10 a. 0.013 g/cm3
b. Oxygen is less dense than
water , so air bubbles
float to top
Shake it up, Sort it Out
• Answer Analysis Questions
1. Rocks, bigger soil particles. They settled first.
2. Larger, denser objects are at the bottom and
smaller, less dense particles are towards the
top.
3. Smaller particles, less dense
4. Yes, wood and plant material. Because it is less
dense than water.
5. They have about the same density as the water
6. You should talk about density and particle size
7. Conclusion:
Natural
Sorting p6
Nature likes to sort things!
 Nature has a way of naturally arranging itself in a
predictable manner
 Natural sorting is when particles are arranged with
dense, larger objects on bottom and small, less dense
objects on top
 Water is an excellent natural sorter. Other natural
sorters are wind, lava, ice/glaciers.
 Sorting occurs based on density and the size of
particles. This causes particles to settle (sink to the
bottom) at different rates, forming layers.
Sorting our Earth
 The Earth is a naturally sorted sequence.
 The inner core is the most dense (at the
center/bottom) and the densities get smaller as you
move outwards to the atmosphere which is the least
dense of all the layers
REAL LIFE
SORTING:
Sorting really is
seen outside!
Picture 1:
1. Describe any
differences you see
in color or texture
of the cliffs.
2. Does this rock
shows sorting?
How so?
Picture 2: This section of rock was deposited by
water. Remember… water sorts by density and size.
D
C
B
A
3. Which layer settled
first? How do you
think its density
compares to the
other layers?
4. Which layer has the
least dense particles?
In what order did it
settle out?
Picture 3: Look at the texture of the rock.
5. How many different grain sizes do
you see?
6. Is this deposit naturally sorted?
Explain.
B
A
B
A
Picture 4:
This is a beach
deposit.
7. How many general
grain sizes do you
see?
8. Does it show
natural sorting on
each half? Explain.
Picture 5:
Density = 1.025 gram/cm3
Density = 3.2 gram/cm3
9. Based on
density, why
does the
ocean sit on
top of the
ocean floor
(sand)?
Picture 6:
10. Is this deposit sorted? How do
you know?
Picture 7:
11. Does this scene show sorting based on
density? Explain.
12. Which element (ice, water, or air) is
least dense? Explain.
Picture 8:
A: Balsa Wood
B: Iron
Density
Density
.13 grams/cm3
7.9 grams/cm3
C: Quartz Sand
Density
3.2 grams/cm3
D: Gold
Density
19.3 grams/cm3
You pick up
these items
while you are
panning for
gold in the
Provo River.
13. Based
on density,
tell me what
you would
find in your
pan from top
to bottom.
Picture 9:
A
B
C
D
E
F
This is a
diagram of the
earth’s layer
14. List the
layers from
most dense to
least dense?
15. Why is the
Earth layered?
Mastery Quiz 6.1
•
Match the correct substances with the Earth layers they would belong to:
Substance
Density
Layer of the earth
A
0.0133g/ml
1. Core _____________
B
1.0g/ml
C
4.47g/ml
D
14g/ml
2. Atmosphere
___________
3. Hydrosphere
____________
4. Mantle ______________
5. A substance/object is found to have a volume of 5 ml and a mass of 10g. Where would
this substance settle with the other earth materials above?
A. Between the hydrosphere and the mantle
B. Between the core and the mantle
C. Between the atmosphere and core
D. Above the atmosphere
Mastery Quiz 6.1
6. Natural sorting is defined as:
A. How nature sorts materials by size and weight.
B. The way nature sorts things by size only
C. Nature sorts by size and density.
7. The layers of the earth from most to least dense are:
A. Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
B. Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Crust, Mantle, Inner Core, Outer Core
C. Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere
8. A jar contains layers of gravel, sand, clay, and silt. Which substance
would most likely be at the bottom of the jar?
A. Clay
B. Sand
C. Silt D. Gravel
Density
of liquids
Liquid Layers
If you pour together liquids that
don’t mix and have different
densities, they will form liquid
layers.
 The liquid with the highest density
will be on the bottom.
 The liquid with the lowest density
will be on the top.

Liquid Layers



Check out this picture. Which
layer has the highest density?
Which layer has the lowest
density?
Imagine that the liquids have
the following densities:





10 g/cm3
3 g/cm3
6 g/cm3.
5 g/cm3.
Which number would go with
which layer?
3 g/cm3
5 g/cm3
6 g/cm3
10 g/cm3
Liquid Layers – Try with your neighbor

Which liquid has
the highest density?


Which liquid has
the lowest density?


Golden Syrup
Oil
Which liquid has
the middle density?

Water
Liquid Layers – Try on your own!

Imagine that the liquids on
the right have the
following densities:







15 g/cm3
10 g/cm3
3 g/cm3
9 g/cm3
7 g/cm3
12 g/cm3
Match the colors to the
correct densities.
3g/cm3
7g/cm3
9g/cm3
10g/cm3
12g/cm3
15g/cm3
Demo: Watch as your teacher pours
different liquids into beakers. Color
what you see.
All 3:
Mastery Quiz 6.2
1.Which choice below gives the layers of the
earth in order from highest to lowest density?
 A. Crust, Core, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere
 B. Core, Crust, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere
 C. Hydrosphere, Crust, Core, Atmosphere
2.
Layers of the Earth
LAYERS OF THE EARTH p23
1.
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Crust
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
The Atmosphere
2. The atmosphere is a layer of gases that surrounds the
earth.
3. The atmosphere is the least dense layer of the Earth.
4. The mass of the atmosphere is 1.33 g for every 100 cm3.
What is its density? 0.0133 g/cm3
5. The atmosphere is composed gases.
- 78% Nitrogen
- 21% Oxygen
- 1% other gases
The Hydrosphere (Water)
6. The water part of the crust is called the hydrosphere.
7. Water is more dense that the atmosphere, but less dense
than the continental crust and interior layers.
8. Where is the hydrosphere the thickest?
At the Mariana trench
in the pacific ocean.
The Crust
9. The crust is both solid and rocky.
10. The continents and ocean floor are part of the crust.
11. Which is thicker continental crust or oceanic
crust?
The Mantle
12. The mantle is a thick gel or tar-like layer of molten rock
found beneath the earths crust.
13. The mantle is denser than the crust because it contains
much more iron and other heavy elements and minerals.
14. A 100 cm3 sample of the mantle has a mass of 447 grams.
What is its density? 4.47 g/cm3
The outer Core
15. Why would it be impossible to travel to Earth’s core?
Because of the intense heat and pressure of the
core.
16. The outer core is the layer of liquid iron and nickel that
surrounds the solid center of the Earth.
17. What is the density of the outer core? (A 100 cm3 sample
from the core can have a mass around 800 g) 8 g/cm3
The inner Core
18. The inner core is the solid, dense center of our planet.
19. The inner core is super dense. How dense is it? 14 g/cm3
20. Why does the core stay solid even though the temperature
at the center of the Earth is so high? Because of the
extreme pressure of the other layers
LABEL!
Name: (name of layer)
Density: (g/cm3)
Phase: (solid, liquid, gas)
Composition:(What is it made of)
Atmosphere
Name:
Density:
Phase:
Composition:
Density:(g/cm3)
Phase: (solid,
liquid, gas)
Composition:
(What is it
made of)
Name:
Density:
Phase:
Composition:
Name:
Density:
Phase:
Composition:
COLOR!
Name:
Density:
Phase:
Composition:
Name:
Density:
Phase:
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Crust
Name: ATMOSPHERE
Density: 0.0133 g/cm³
Phase: Gas
Composition: Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Gases
Name: HYDROSPHERE
Density: 1 g/cm³
Phase: liquid
Composition: water
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner
Core
Name: CRUST
Density: 2.93g/cm3
Phase: Solid (rocky)
Composition: Si, Al, O, Mg, granite, basalt,
Name: MANTLE
Density: 4.47 g/cm³
Phase: Gel or tar-like liquid
Composition: Iron and other heavy
elements and minerals
Name: OUTER CORE
Density: 8 g/cm³
Phase: Liquid
Composition: iron and nickel
Name: INNER CORE
Density: 14 g/cm3
Phase: Solid (under pressure)
Composition: iron and nickel
ANALYSIS QUESTIONS P25
1. THICKEST? THE MANTLE
THINNEST? THE CRUST WITH THE HYDROSPHERE
2. DENSITY TOWARD CENTER? IT GETS DENSER
3. ELEMENTS SINK TO THE CENTER?
THEY WERE DENSER THAN THE OTHERS
4. OUTER CORE A LIQUID?
THE TEMPERATURES ARE VERY HIGH SO THE METAL HAS MELTED
INTO A LIQUID
5. INNER CORE A SOLID?
EVEN THOUGH IT IS REALLY HOT THE PRESSURE FROM THE OTHER
LAYERS KEEP THE MOLECULES FROM MOVING AROUND.
6.
GOOD MODEL OF THE EARTH?
RELATIVE SIZE OF LAYERS, CORRECT ORDER OF LAYERS
7. THINK OF SOME OTHER MODELS OF THE EARTH YOU’VE SEEN (MAPS,
GLOBES, ETC.).
a) WHAT ABOUT THEM IS ACCURATE?
o RELATIVE SIZE, POSITIONS, SHOW MOUNTAINS
b) WHAT ABOUT THESE OTHER MODELS IS INACCURATE?
o DON’T SHOW INSIDE OF EARTH
o DON’T SHOW ATMOSPHERE
o CONTINENTS ARE NOT PROPORTIONED CORRECTLY
Orange (A)
Yellow (B)
Green (C)
Red (D)
Blue (E)
YELLOW
ON TOP
ORANGE
ON TOP
YELLOW
ON TOP
RED ON
TOP
YELLOW
ON TOP
BLUE
ON TOP
BLUE
ON TOP
RED ON
TOP
BLUE
ON TOP
Yellow (B)
NOTHING GOES HERE
Green (C)
NOTHING GOES HERE
NOTHING GOES HERE
NOTHING GOES HERE
NOTHING GOES HERE
Red (D)
NOTHING GOES HERE
BLUE
ON TOP
Number 3 and 4
BLUE (E)
YELLOW (B)
RED (D)
ORANGE (A)
GREEN (C)
5. HIGHEST: C (GREEN)
LOWEST: E (BLUE)
P 34 Liquid Lab analysis questions
Substance
Density
Which substance is
it? (A - E)
Water
1.00 g/ml
D red
0.79 g/ml
E blue
1.33 g/ml
C green
Vegetable oil
0.92 g/ml
B yellow
Dish Soap
1.06 g/ml
A orange
Rubbing
Alcohol
Light Corn
Syrup
2. Different densities
3. E/Alcohol/Blue (least dense, lowest
density)
4. C/Syrup/Green (most dense, highest
density)
5. Wrong colors! (should be blue on top, then
yellow, then red, then orange, then green)
Atmosphere
Crust/hydrosphere
Mantle
Outer Core
Inner Core
6.
7. Paragraph with data
1. Oil, plastic, water, aluminum, marble
2. 14g/20mL= 0.7 g/mL, so it would settle at
the top
3. 20g/15mL=1.33g/ml, so it would settle
between water and aluminum
4. Measure water in a graduated cylinder, put
the rock in the water, see how much the water
rises
23.
24.
16g/8mL = 2 g/mL
35mL-20mL = 15 mL

25.
5cm x 5cm x 5cm = 125 cm³

26.
27.
28.
29.
45g/15mL= 3g/mL
200g/125cm³ = 1.6 g/cm³
B
Different densities
Most = gravel, least = silt
Silt
It is small and has low density (about the
same density as water)
30. Gold is the most dense
31. Atmosphere, hydrosphere, crust, mantle,
outer core, inner core
32. Most dense settled to the bottom (middle)
of the Earth first. Most dense in the middle
33. Atmosphere is less dense than the crust
34. An egg will sink in freshwater and float in
salt water because the salt adds density to
the water, making it more dense than the
egg
30.
35.
50g/5mL = 10g/mL
This fits in the outer core because it is between 9-12g/mL
36.
20g/5.8mL= 3.45g/mL
This fits in the mantle because it is between 3.3-5.7g/mL
37. R
S
R
T
S
T
R
S
T
Lowest to highest density: R, S, T
Density Practice Test Answers
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1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. B
9. B
10. D
11. B
12. B
13. B
14. C
15. A
16. A
17. C
18. D
19. D
20. C