슬라이드 1 - gist.ac.kr

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Elements of Quantum Mechanics (QM)

Instructor: Yun Hee Jang (yhjang@gist.ac.kr, MSE 302, 2323)

TA/Guest lecturer: Sangjo Kim (sjk@gist.ac.kr) @ Prof. Seong-Ju Park (Mar 30)

Web: http://mse.gist.ac.kr/~modeling/lecture.html

Textbook:

- Thomas Engel – 10% off from 43,000 won (Notify TA if you want.)

Quantum Chemistry & Spectroscopy, 3 rd Ed. (2012) (Pearson)

- Mark A. Ratner & George C. Schatz – PDF (Download link will be mailed.)

Introduction to Quantum Mechanics in Chemistry (2001) (Prentice Hall)

Grading:

- Homework (preview): Read next lecture in advance. 0.5-page summary

- (Surprise) Quiz: review of last lecture + preview of today’s lecture

- Exam: Mid-term (May 11) & Final (Jun 17)

- Video presentation ”From classical to quantum mechanics” (Ch. 1) (Apr 1)

- Presence & Participation

Lecture series I-IV: Molecular Modeling of Materials

I. 2015 Spring: Elements of Quantum Mechanics (QM)

- Birth of quantum mechanics, its postulates & simple examples

 Particle in a box (translation)

 Harmonic oscillator (vibration)

 Particle on a ring or a sphere (rotation)

II. 2015 Fall: Quantum Chemistry (QC)

- Quantum-mechanical description of chemical systems

 One-electron & many-electron atoms

 Di-atomic & poly-atomic molecules

III. 2016 Spring: Classical Molecular Simulations of materials (MC/MD)

- Large-scale simulation of chemical systems (or any collection of particles)

 Monte Carlo (MC) & Molecular Dynamics (MD)

IV. 2016 Fall: Molecular Modeling of Materials (Project-oriented; MM)

- Combination of various methods above to understand structures, electronic structures, properties and functions of various molecules and materials

Why molecular modeling (understanding molecular motions from fundamental theories or computer simulation at a molecular level) in materials science?

Emerging (future)

Materials science

N~10 2 , L~10 nm

Simulation will lead.

Traditional (Past)

Materials science

N~10 23 , L~10 cm

Experiment didn’t need simulation. too hard

Molecular simulation in virtual space hard easy easy

Experiment (e.g. watching, pulling) in real space

N (number of atoms) or L (size) of a system of interest)

Nobel Prize History of Molecular Modeling

• 1918 – Physics – Max Planck – Quantum theory of blackbody radiation

• 1921 – Physics – Albert Einstein– Quantum theory of photoelectric effect

• 1922 – Physics – Niels Bohr – Quantum theory of hydrogen spectra

• 1929 – Physics – Louis de Broglie – Matter waves

• 1932 – Physics – Werner Heisenberg – Uncertainty principle

• 1933 – Physics – Erwin Schrodinger & Paul Dirac – Wave equation

• 1945 – Physics – Wolfgang Pauli – Exclusion principle

• 1954 – Physics – Max Born – Interpretation of wave function

• 1998 – Chemisty – Walter Kohn & John Pople Quantum Chemistry

• 2013 – Chemisty – Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, Arieh Warshel

Classical

Molecular

Simulation

History of Quantum Mechanics

• 1885 – Johann Balmer – Line spectrum of hydrogen atoms

• 1886 – Heinrich Hertz – Photoelectric effect experiment

• 1897 – J. J. Thomson – Discovery of electrons from cathode rays experiment

• 1900 – Max Planck – Quantum theory of blackbody radiation

• 1905 – Albert Einstein– Quantum theory of photoelectric effect

• 1910 – Ernest Rutherford – Scattering experiment with a -particles

• 1913 – Niels Bohr – Quantum theory of hydrogen spectra

• 1923 – A. H. Compton – Scattering experiment of photons off electrons

• 1924 – Wolfgang Pauli – Exclusion principle – Ch. 10

• 1924 – Louis de Broglie – Matter waves particle wave

• 1925 – Davisson and Germer – Diffraction experiment on wave properties of electrons

• 1926 – Erwin Schrodinger – Wave equation – Ch. 2

• 1927 – Werner Heisenberg – Uncertainty principle – Ch. 6

• 1927 – Max Born – Interpretation of wave function – Ch. 3

T. Engel, Quantum Chemistry & Spectroscopy, 3 rd Ed.

• Birth of quantum mechanics (Ch. 1)

• Postulates in quantum mechanics (Ch. 3)

• Schrödinger equation (Ch. 2)

• Simple examples of V(r)

 Particle in a box (translation) (Ch. 4-5)

 Harmonic oscillator (vibration) (Ch. 7-8)

 Particle on a ring or a sphere (rotation) (Ch. 7-8)

• Extension to chemical systems

 Hydrogen-like atoms (one-electron atoms) (Ch. 9)

 Many-electron atoms (Ch. 10-11)

 Diatomic molecules (Ch. 12)

 Polyatomic molecules (Ch. 13)

 Computational chemistry (Ch. 15)

Lecture 1. Birth of Quantum Mechanics.

Historical Background of QM.

Experiments and Theories.

• Engel, Ch. 1

• Ratner & Schatz, Ch. 1

• Quantum chemistry, D. A. McQuarrie (1983), Ch. 1

• Molecular quantum mechanics, Atkins & Friedman (4 th ed. 2005), Ch. 0

• Introductory quantum mechanics, R. L. Liboff (4 th ed, 2004), Ch. 2

Experiments are the only means of knowledge at our disposal.

The rest is poetry, imagination.

- Max Planck -

History of Quantum Mechanics

• 1885 – Johann Balmer – Line spectrum of hydrogen atoms

• 1886 – Heinrich Hertz – Photoelectric effect experiment

• 1897 – J. J. Thomson – Discovery of electrons from cathode rays experiment

• 1900 – Max Planck – Quantum theory of blackbody radiation

• 1905 – Albert Einstein– Quantum theory of photoelectric effect

• 1910 – Ernest Rutherford – Scattering experiment with a -particles

• 1913 – Niels Bohr – Quantum theory of hydrogen spectra

• 1923 – A. H. Compton – Scattering experiment of photons off electrons

• 1924 – Wolfgang Pauli – Exclusion principle – Ch. 10

• 1924 – Louis de Broglie – Matter waves particle wave

• 1925 – Davisson and Germer – Diffraction experiment on wave properties of electrons

• 1926 – Erwin Schrodinger – Wave equation – Ch. 2

• 1927 – Werner Heisenberg – Uncertainty principle – Ch. 6

• 1927 – Max Born – Interpretation of wave function – Ch. 3

1900 – Max Planck Quantum theory of blackbody radiation

1886 – Heinrich Hertz – Photoelectric effect experiment

1897 – J. J. (Joseph John) Thomson – Discovery of electrons

1905 – Albert Einstein– Quantum theory of photoelectric effect

1923 – A. H. Compton – Scattering experiment of photons off electrons

1885 – Johann Balmer – Line spectrum of hydrogen atoms

1910 – Ernest Rutherford – a -particle scattering experiment

1913 – Niels Bohr – Theory of atomic spectra

1924 – Louis de Broglie – Matter waves

1925 – Davisson & Germer – Electron diffraction

1926 – G. P. (George Paget) Thomson – Electron diffraction

J. J. Thomson, dad, was awarded the Nobel prize (1906) for showing that the electron is a particle;

G.P. Thomson, son, was awarded the Nobel prize (1937) for showing that the electron is a wave.

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