Chapter 3 Migration
1. The permanent relocation of an individual, household, or group to a new location outside the community of origin is
called
A) resettlement.
D) migration.
B) emigration.
E) transmovement.
C) nomadic migration
2 During the first decades of the twentieth century in what is called the Great Migration, African American families in
the United States migrated primarily to
A) the north.
D) other southern states farther west.
B) the west.
E) the southern Atlantic coast
C) the south east
3. Irish migration to North America in the mid-1800s is an example of
A) forced migration.
D) cyclical migration.
B) refugee migration
E) nomadic migration.
C) voluntary migration.
3 According to Ravenstein, migrants who move longer distances tend to choose
A) warmer destinations.
C) big-city destinations.
B) open “frontier” areas.
D) to migrate as a family unit.
4. Chain migration occurs when:
A) The migrant uses technology to find a job in a new place.
B) The migrant chooses a destination & communicates with other to tell family and friends at home about the new
place.
C) The migrant travels with large numbers of other migrants.
D) The migrant follows a travel path established by previous migrants.
5. A person who migrates to another country because of a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race,
religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion is officially a:
A) patriot
C) displaced person
B) refugee
D) gypsy
6. The type of migration in which a person chooses to migrate is called
A) chain migration.
D) voluntary migration.
B) step migration.
E) channelized migration.
C) forced migration.
7. According to Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?
A) Older adults.
D) Families.
B) Young adults.
E) All of the above.
C) Children.
8. Migration from a location is called
A) immigration.
B) voluntary migration.
C) emigration.
D) step migration.
E) chain migration.
9. Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is called
A) push factors.
D) economic indicator factors.
B) pull factors.
E) none of the above.
C) place utility factors.
10. Which of the following is an example of a pull factor?
A) War or famine in the migrant’s country of origin.
B) Political persecution in a migrant’s homeland.
C) Religious persecution in a migrant’s chosen destination.
D) Natural disaster that threatens a migrant’s home.
E) Plentiful jobs in the migrant’s chosen destination.
11. An example of internal migration within the United States is
A) the migration of Mexican workers to maquiladora factory towns from 1980 to present.
B) the migration of Native Americans to reservations in the late 1800s.
C) the migration of Muslims from India to Pakistan after World War II.
D) the rural to urban migration in China from 1970 to present.
E) the migration of Europeans to North America from 1600 to 1900.
12. The largest source of international immigrants to the United States is from
A) China.
D) Mexico.
B) India.
E) Russia.
C) Canada.
13. Migration to a location is called
A) immigration.
B) voluntary migration.
C) mobility.
D) emigration
E) migration.
14. Over a period of years, a person moves from his farm to a small town, from his small town to a small city, and finally
from the small city to a large city. This is an example of
A) chain migration.
D) voluntary migration.
B) step migration.
E) channelized migration
C) forced migration.
15. Which of the following is an example of an intervening obstacle?
A) The Demilitarized Zone on the Korean Peninsula.
B) Laws requiring immigrants to obtain visas before entering a country.
C) Laws imposing immigration quotas on the number of immigrants who are allowed to move into a country.
D) The wall separating the West Bank from Israel.
E) All of these are intervening obstacles.
16. Which of the following is an example of an intervening opportunity?
A) The wall separating the West Bank from Israel.
B) The Sahara Desert separating North Africa from West Africa.
C ) Taking a high paying job while en route to your intended destination.
D) Getting detained by border patrol while en route to your intended destination.
E) All of the above.
17. According to Wilbur Zelinsky’s theory of Migration Transition,
A) a person living in a country that is in stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is very unlikely to migrate
internationally.
B) a person living in a country that is in stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is most likely to migrate
internationally.
C) a person living in a country that is in stage 3 or 4 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is likely to migrate
internally.
D) all of the above.
E) A and B only.
18. Which of the following was an example of forced migration?
A) Spanish migration to the Western Hemisphere.
B) Chinese traders’ migration to Southeast Asia.
C) India-Pakistan migration after gaining independence.
D) Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade.
E) Settlement of the western frontier in the United States.
19. All of the following are examples of a “Brain Drain” except
A) migration of Russian scientists after the fall of the Soviet Union.
B) migration of German aerospace experts following World War II.
C) migration of Cuban doctors after the rise of Fidel Castro.
D) migration of Mexican farmers to the United States.
E) graduate students from Least Developed Countries (LDCs) who choose to stay in the U.S. after graduation.
20. Which of the following represents the pattern of interregional African-American migration out of the Southern
United States?
A) Most African-Americans moved to Canada to escape slavery.
B) Most African-Americans moved to the West Coast area of the United States.
C) Most African-Americans moved to the rural areas of the Western United States.
D) Most African-Americans moved to urban areas in the Northern United States.
E) All of the above.
21. Many recent college graduates and young professionals move to large, vibrant cities- such as New York, Chicago, and
Los Angeles- with nightlife, cultural amenities, and job opportunities. These attractions are examples of
a) Suburban amenities
D)Mobility opportunities
B)Push factors
E) Centripetal forces
C)Pull factors
22. Which of the following is the result of chain migration?
A)The African slave trade
B)French colonial rule
C)The formation of Israel
23. The Sun Belt includes
A)The Rocky Mountain States
B)Alabama and Louisiana
C)Texas and New Mexico
D)Southern Nevada, Southern California, and South Florida
E)Florida, Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina
D)San Francisco’s Chinatown
E)Colonization of the American west
24. Your rent just rose by $150 per month and you can no longer afford to live there. By what type of factor in the
migration process are you being influenced?
A) Push
D) Voluntary
B) Pull
E) Diffusionary
C) Internally Displaced
25. A country has net in-migration if immigration ________ emigration.
A) equals
D) is less than
B) exceeds
E) varies more than
C) is closer to net migration than
26. Wilbur Zelinsky's model of migration predicted
A) women are more likely to migrate than men.
B) long migration distances are more likely than short.
C) migration characteristics vary with the demographic transition.
D) intraregional migration is more important than interregional migration in terms of political and economic resources.
E) migrants move most frequently for economic reasons.
27. The migration transition model predicts that international migration reaches a peak at ________ of the demographic
transition.
A) stage 1
D) stage 4
B) stage 2
E) stage 5
C) stage 3
28. A boy migrated from Honduras through Guatemala and Mexico, then entered the United States without
immigration documents, because members of his ethnic group were being targeted for torture or assassination in his
home country. Although the U.S. government does not grant the boy refugee status, his case is an example of
international and ________ migration.
A) forced
D) economic
B) human rights
E) transitional
C) voluntary
29. The greatest total number of foreign-born residents can be found in
A) China.
D) the United Kingdom.
B) Australia.
E) the United States.
C) Germany.
30. Most migrants to the United States during the peak of the late nineteenth century came from which parts of
Europe?
A) central
D) north and west
B) south and east
E) north and east
C) east and west
31. Most migrants to the United States during the early twentieth century came from which part of Europe?
A) central
B) north and west
D) south and west
C) south and east
E) north and east
32. A principal pull factor in California in the 1840s was
A) a gold rush.
B) a war with Mexico.
E) the Great Plains.
C) a "nitrate rush."
D) a "dust bowl."
33. Which statement most accurately describes the motivations of the historic European and current Latin American
immigrants to the United States?
A) Both were and are motivated primarily by economic factors.
B) Migrants from Europe were fleeing religious persecution while migrants from Latin America are motivated by
economic factors.
C) Both were and are motivated by a desire to join family members already in the United States.
D) Migrants from Europe mostly spoke English while migrants from Latin American mostly speak Spanish.
E) Both were and are motivated by famine in their home countries.
34. The U.S. center of population has moved steadily to the
A) east.
B) north.
C) south.
D) west.
E) center.
35. Which is a current intraregional migration trend in the United States?
A) rural to urban
D) net emigration from the northeast
B) urban to suburban
E) all of the above
C) metropolitan to nonmetropolitan
36. The most prominent type of intraregional migration in the world (MDC and LDC) is
A) north to south.
D) city to city.
B) region to region.
E) rural to urban.
C) urban to rural.
37. Counterurbanization is
A) moving from an urban core to suburban areas.
B) due to expanding suburbs.
C) migration to rural areas and small towns from central cities or suburbs.
D) the trend of the elderly retiring to communities in southern states such as Arizona or Florida.
E) the decline of the inner-city infrastructure.
38. The most important pull factor for migrants to North America today is
A) economic.
D) political.
B) environmental.
E) geomagnetic.
C) forced.
39. According to the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, undocumented immigrants were
A) permitted to become legal residents by participating in an application process.
B) automatically transformed into U.S. citizens in a blanket "amnesty."
C) encouraged to remain in Mexico because of shortages of workers.
D) no longer eligible for public services in the United States.
E) established as guest workers following the German model.
40. An example of ________ is the migration of doctors and engineers to the United States after they have received
years of government-financed schooling and training in Colombia.
A) brain drain
D) net migration
B) chain drain
E) cohort migration
C) chain migration