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Chapter 21: World War I
Workbook & Notes
1. Militarism (706)
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2. Nationalism (706)
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3. Stalemate (707)
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4. Trench warfare (707)
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5. Woodrow Wilson (708)
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6. Propaganda (709)
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7. The Lusitania (709)
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8. Zimmerman telegram (710)
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9. Illiterate (713)
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10. Herbert Hoover & New Food Administration (714)
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11. “Four Minute Men” (714)
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12. Espionage & Sedition Act of 1917 (715)
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13. Convoy (718)
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14. John J. Pershing (718)
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15. Vladimir Lenin (719)
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16. Communism (719)
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17. Wilson’s Point 14 (723)
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18. The “Big Four”-who? (724)
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19. League of Nations (724)
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20. Treaty of Versailles (724)
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Causes of WWI
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The Path of World War I-1914
“The Stage”

The ______________________________ wanted to
expand and take over ______________.
“The Players”
NAME:
ROLE IN WWI:
NAME:
ROLE IN WWI:
“The Spark”

On August 28th, 1914 ____________________ assassinates _________________ and his wife in
__________________, Bosnia.

After failed attempts at peace between _______________ and ___________________, war is
declared!
“Point of No Return”

__________________________ side with Serbia, _____________ sides with France

____________________ sides with Austria-Hungary

Alliances begin to form between European countries:
o
Allied Powers:
o
Central Powers:
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Countdown to War
Looking around the room—match up the dates and events by finding each cards match and then record the dates
and events below
Date
1.June 28 1914
2.July 28 1914
3.July 29 1914
4.Aug 1 1914
5.Aug 3 1914
6.Aug 4 1914
7.Aug 4 1914
8.Aug 6 1914
9.Aug 13 1914
Event
Archduke Ferdinand and wife is assassinated by Princip
Unsatisfied with Serbia, A-H declares war on Serbia
Russia supports Serbia
A-H declares war on Russia
Germany declares war on Russia
France and Britain declare war on A-H
Britain declares war on Germany
Germany declares war on France
Germany invades Belgium
1. Using your table, explain why the murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand led to the outbreak of war.
2. Do you think militarism, nationalism, alliances, or imperialism was the most important cause for the outbreak
of the war in Europe? Why?
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“Plans Begin to Form”

Germany defends ______________________ and creates the ___________________________
in an attempt to weaken one of Serbia’s allies.
o They thought it would take _______________ too long to prepare for war and chose
____________________ one of Serbia’s allies.

The plan allows Germany to take one small army to fight France head on and one larger army
through ________________________ to sneak attack France.
“The Schlieffen Plan”

_______________ declares war on Germany and helps France fight.

France will fight Germany from 1914-1916 & ________________________ was the bloodiest!
“Winners & Losers”

Soldiers fought in ________________ or ditches and never fought face to face.

All battles ended in a ___________________ because no one could make it across the land
between the trenches.

Many soldiers killed _________________________, even farm animals because they were
frustrated during the battles.

Germany camped out on the __________________ of Paris, while Britain & France tried to
defend the ________________ of Paris.
o
If the capital is taken, the ______________________ is taken.
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“A New Type of War”
Technology & Weapons


German Machine Guns
___________________—invented by Ernest Wition
o Flame throwers

___________________________—17 different types
o Most deadly was “______________________” releases by grenades
o Blisters, blindness, lung damage
o _________________ were used to stop breathing in gasses
o Soldiers hoped for __________ to get rid of gas

German _________ (Submarines)—would torpedo any ship believed to
______________________________________.
_______________ Warfare
o Germany would launch bombs from the trenches or their line and didn’t care who they hit
(soldiers or innocent civilians).

Trench Warfare



Soldiers would dig deep trenches along the ______________________ or line of attack
(Central vs Allies).
Land in between both trenches was called “_________________________”
Soldiers would throw grenades into their enemy’s trench.
SIDE VIEW OF TRENCH
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TOP VIEW OF TRENCH
Pro’s of Trench Warfare

Con’s of Trench Warfare
__________________________ were also dug under “no-man’s land” to reach your enemies
trench and blow it up!
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“The War from the Perspective of the Soldiers”
The Five Senses of a Soldier in the Trenches
See
Hear
Feel
Taste
Smell
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Artillery
Machine Gun
Chlorine & Mustard Gas
Tanks
Flamethrowers
Zeppelin
Biplanes
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“How the United States Got Involved”
Preparations for War
Legislation Passed or
Organizations Created
Important People &
Their Role
Other Important Details
Building the Military
Maintaining the Food
Supply
Shaping Public Opinion
Industrial Production
Suppressing Dissent
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“War in the Water”
Before the War




Before the war, Britain had the strongest ________ and Germany had the best
______________.
Germany had a rule to _____________ their subs to warn a ship they were going to attack.
Britain decided to _________ on the sub when it surfaced.
Germany decided to attack __________ warning on any British ship.
The Explosion



May 7, 1915 a Germany U-Boat fired on the ______________.
 British passenger ship
 ______________ were killed (some Americans)
 Germany thought it was carrying __________ to Allies
Germany continued to fire on ships that had supplies
The United States became angry and made Germany sign the _____________________,
promising to warn ships before firing.
President Wilson



Couldn’t threaten Germany for breaking the rules or he would have to __________ the war.
Agreed with the __________________ Movement—trained more soldiers
Sent money to the ___________ to help fund the war.
Sneaky Germany



Germany decided to _________ the Sussex Pledge and break ties with the United States.
They thought they could ____________ France before the ___ got in the war.
Britain discovers a message sent from Germany to ____________ and gives it to President Wilson.
 _________________________—sent from German Secretary Arthur Zimmerman
telling Mexico to declare war on the US if they enter war.
 Germany promised they would give Mexico their lost land back.

No one took this seriously since Mexico was ___________.
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“War on Land”
The US Declares War


April 6, 1917 the United States sent a small force to Europe led by
___________________________.
Started off slowly by sending money to the Allies, then more _____________.
Preparing for War






__________________________—drafting young men to serve in the war.
Many _____________ and did not protest the draft.
_________________________ (AEF) was also created.
o They were sent to France to _____________________________.
Women also served as _____________.
African Americans also joined, but _________________.
____________ System—created to protect ships sending troops to Europe.
Russia Falls Apart


While the US is preparing for war, Russia’s leader Czar Nicholas II was _________________
by Vladimir Lenin (Communist).
Agreement was Germany could have ________ in Russia and Russia would
____________________________.
Germans in Paris


Germany finally breaks through the trenches into Paris.
The US rescues France in the_______________________, forcing Germany to retreat east,
ending WWI.
Sickness in the Trenches

While most soldiers died from battle, a large number died from the ________.
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“Searching for Peace”
The War’s Deadly Toll
•
Approximately _______________________________ war personnel died
____________________________________________________________________________
Military Deaths by Country
France: ________________
Britain: ________________
U.S. : _________________
Germany: ______________
Russia: ________________
The Big Three
__________________________, ____________________________, and ___________________
were the three most powerful Allies and they wanted to exert their influence upon the _____________
_____________________________________
Yet they wanted different things.
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
•
Founded on principles for
_____________________________________________________
Points 1-5 dealt with factors that had led to the war
• ___________________________________
• Reduction of ________________________
• ___________________________________
Points 6-13 dealt with territorial issues
• Called for self-determination:
__________________________________________________
Point 14 set up the League of Nations
• __________________________________________________________________________
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The Big
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Hopes for the Treaty of
Versailles
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How their hope was fulfilled in the
Treaty of Versailles
Lloyd George
(Britain)
Clemenceau
(France)
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Terms of the Treaty of Versailles
•
Germany had to accept _______________________________________ for
starting the First World War
This was called the _____________________________________________
•
Germany had to pay_________________ to cover _________________ and
other Allied losses
•
•
Germany had to hand over about _______________________________
About ___________________ people lived here
•
•
Germany lost all of its _______________________
These colonies became _________________ run by the Allies on behalf of the
_______________________________
•
The German strength reduced
o Army no more than __________________________
o Navy _______________ sailors and ______________________
o No ___________________
•
Germany forbidden to buy ________________________________
•
An Allied Army was to occupy the ___________________for fifteen years
No German troops allowed into the _____________________
•
The League of Nations was created in order to _________________________
The Germans’ Reaction
•
•
The German Government that had agreed to the treaty became known as the” ____________
_____________________”
Many German citizens felt they were being punished for the mistakes of the ____________ and
_________________________ who had started the war.
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