Chemical Bonding: 4.15.15
Objectives:
 Illustrate chemical bonding using Lewis Dot
structures.
 Establish chemical formula and name of ionic
compounds.
Chemical Bonding
 Answer the following questions after you
finish annotating the article:
1. Identify and define the two major types
of bonding.
2. Classify each type of bond:
a. C-----O
b. Al-----S
Chemical Bonding: 4.16.15
Objectives:
 Illustrate chemical bonding using Lewis Dot
structures.
 Establish chemical formula and name of ionic
compounds.
Explain how you know what type of bond is
being illustrated below.
Ionic Bonding
 Transfer of valence electrons from a metal
atom to a non-metal atom.
 Creates a metal ion (cation) and non-metal
ion (anion) that are held together by
attractive forces (chemical bond)
 Chemical bonds are intramolecular forces.
 Formation of Ionic Compounds
Intramolecular Forces
 The ionic bond
 The attractive force between the metal and
non-metal ions in the compound.
+
Na ---------Cl
Ionic Compounds
 The overall charge on any ionic compound is
always zero.
 The ratio of metal to non-metal ions has to equal
zero.
Chemical Bonding: 4.17.15
Objectives:
 Illustrate chemical bonding using Lewis Dot
structures.
 Establish chemical formula and name of ionic
compounds.
Ionic Bonding (Lewis Dot Transfer)
Metal
(Lewis
Dot)
Non-metal
(Lewis Dot)
Ionic Bonding
(Lewis Dot Transfer)
Chemical
Formula
Naming Ionic Compounds
Chemical Bonding: 4.20.15
Infinite Campus:
 Ionic Bonding Lab (12pts.)
 Periodict Trend Lab (14pts.)
Objectives:
 Illustrate chemical bonding using Lewis Dot
structures.
 Establish chemical formula and chemical name
of compounds.
Ionic Bonding Lab
Purpose:
 Identify which elements would bond with
one another to form an ionic bond.
 Illustrate ionic bonding using Lewis Dot
transfer.
 Establish chemical formula
Chemical Bonding
Objectives:
 Understand why compounds exist in nature.
 Illustrate chemical bonding between elements
using Lewis Dot structures.
 Indentify and compare the two classes of
compounds by their chemical and physical
properties.
 Identify and predict compound names and
formulas by element’s location on the periodic
table.
Chemical Bonding: 4.21.15
Objectives:
 Illustrate chemical bonding using Lewis Dot
structures.
 Establish chemical formula and chemical name
of compounds.
 Indentify and compare the two classes of
compounds by their chemical and physical
properties.
Ionic vs. Covalent Cmpds. Properties 2nd
Properties
Solubility:
Which
samples are
soluble?
Crystal
Growth:
Grew slowest:
1
Grew fastest:
4
Electrical
Conduction:
Which
conducted
electricity?
Melting point
time:
Slowest?
Fastest?
Grp 1
Grp 2
Grp 3
Grp 4
Grp 5
Ionic vs. Covalent Cmpds. Properties 2nd
Properties
Solubility:
Which samples
are soluble?
Crystal Growth:
Grew Fastest?
Grew Slowest?
Electrical
Conduction:
Which conducted
electricity?
Melting point
time:
Slowest?
Fastest?
Grp 1
Grp 2
Grp 3
Grp 4
Grp 5
Chemical Bonding: 11.25.14
Objectives:
 Classify compounds by their chemical and
physical properties. ( Analyze Properties Lab)
Properties of Chemical Compounds
 Which kind of compounds conduct electricity
when dissolved in water?
7.2
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds can conduct an electric
current when melted or dissolved in water.
Ionic Compounds: Crystal Lattice
 Stronger attractive force between ions
 Faster crystal growth.
Covalent Compounds: Crystal Lattice
 Weaker attractive forces between covalent
compounds (molecules).
 Slower crystal growth.
o
o
C
C
o
o
C
http://iscience.ru/wpcontent/uploads/2008/12/sugar-molecule02.jpg
C
http://www.michigansugar.com/images/ag/
production/th_med_crystals.jpg
Melting Points of Compounds
 Which has a higher melting point?
 Does the table below prove or disprove your
conclusion from the lab? Explain your answer.
Chemical Compounds
Melting Point (oC)
Boiling Point (oC)
Cr2O3
2,266
4,000
SrF2
1,470
2,489
CCl4
-22.9
76.6
CH4O
-97.8
64.7
Chemical Compounds Article
Properties of Chemical Compounds
•Why do ionic compounds in general have
higher melting and boiling points?
stronger attractive forces between ions
Collection of Ionic Compounds
Collection of Covalent Compounds
Properties of Chemical Compounds
 Ionic Compounds are primarily solids at room
temperature.
 Molecules can be a solid, liquid, or gas at room
temp. Examples:
.
O2 and CH4
(C8H18)
(C8H8)
Chemical Bonding: 4.27.15
Objectives:
 Illustrate chemical bonding using Lewis Dot
structures.
 Establish chemical formula and chemical name
of compounds.
 Indentify and compare the two classes of
compounds by their chemical and physical
properties.
Chemical Bonding: Bell Ringer
1. Classify as ionic (I) or covalent (C ).
a. CH4
b. CuO
c. PBr3
d. K3N
2. Which of the above compounds would…
a. conduct electricity?
b. have a lower melting point?
c. crystallize faster out of solution?
d. Considered brittle
3. Why do many elements participate in
chemical bonding?
Covalent Compounds
Electronegativity Values
webassign.net
Molecules: Lewis Dot Sharing
Molecular Formula
Lewis Dot Sharing
Molecules: Lewis Dot Sharing
Molecular Formula
Lewis Dot Sharing
Chemical Bonding and Electronegativity
Chemical Formula
Cl2
CH4
SiO2
PF3
H2O
SO
NP
Type of Bonds
• Single
• Double
• Triple
Bonds:
Ionic,
Polar,
Non-polar
(EN difference)
Covalent Bonds
• Do non-metals share electrons equally during
chemical bonding?
Prentice Hall KY Teacher Express, 2008
Electronegativity
Electronegativity Values
webassign.net
Chemical Bonding: Polarity Bell Ringer
1. What does the penguin and the polar
bear represent in the comic strip?
2. What does the ice cream scoops
represent in the comic strip?
3. a. What did the iceberg represent?
b. What is the trend in electronegativity
according to the iceberg illustration?
4. Explain using the illustrations the
difference between polar and non-polar
covalent bonds?
Chemical Bonding :
Electronegativity Difference
Covalent Bonds
Polar Bonds: Where atoms do NOT share bonded
electrons equally. Usually 2 different elements
making up the bond. Ex. N----F bond
Non-Polar Bonds: Where atoms share bonded
electrons equally or very close to it. Usually same
elements.
Ex. O-----O
Prentice Hall KY Teacher Express, 2008
Chemical Bonding and Electronegativity
Chemical Formula
Classify
Compound
Chemical Name
Bonds:
Ionic,
Polar,
Non-polar
(EN
difference)
CO2
C---O
CI4
C----I
MgF2
Mg---F
N2
N----N
Na2O
Na---O
Chemical Bonding and Electronegativity
Chemical Formula
Classify
Compound
Chemical Name
Bonds:
Ionic,
Polar,
Non-polar
(EN
difference)
CO2
C---O
CI4
C----I
MgF2
Mg---F
N2
N----N
Na2O
Na---O
Chemical Bonding: 5.01.15
Objectives:
 Illustrate chemical bonding using Lewis Dot
structures.
 Establish chemical formula and chemical name
of compounds.
 Indentify and compare the two classes of
compounds by their chemical and physical
properties.
 Classify and derive the name or formula of
acids and bases.
Homework: Exam Tuesday-Study this weekend!
Chemical Compounds
Ionic Compounds
Similarities
Covalent Compounds
Chemical
Bonding
Ionic Bonding:
 Many times between a metal and a non-metal ion.
 Transfer of valence electrons.
 Electronegativity difference between bonded ions is
large.
 Ionic Bond = Intramolecular Forces
Covalent Bonding:
 Between two non-metals atoms.
 Share valence electron(s)
 Electronegativity difference between bonded atoms is
small.
 Covalent Bond = Intramolecular Forces
 Covalent compounds are also called molecules.
Acids and Bases
dissociation
(HCl)
dissociation
(NaOH)
http://wikis.lawrence.edu/display/CHEM/Acids+and+Bases-Davis
Acids and Bases
dissociation
(HCl)
dissociation
(NaOH)
http://wikis.lawrence.edu/display/CHEM/Acids+and+Bases-Davis
Acids and Bases
academic.cuesta.edu
Acids
Chemical Name:
 Depends upon the anion’s suffix(ending).
Chemical Formula:
 Acids are electrically neutral.
Bases
Naming and establishing chemical formula:
 Follow same rules as ionic compounds 
Ex. Na(OH):
Ex. Iron (II) Hydroxide