Chapter 4 Section 4
Egyptian Achievements
Hieroglyphics
• What are hieroglyphics?
• It is an ancient Egyptian
system of writing.
• Egyptian hieroglyphics
were one of the world’s
first writing systems.
• The earliest known
examples of Egyptian
writing are from around
3300 BC and were carved
in stone.
Write Your Name!!!
• The hieroglyphics
used more than 600
symbols. Each
symbol represented
one or more sounds
in the Egyptian
language.
• They could be written
either horizontally or
vertically.
Writing in Egypt
• What is papyrus?
• Papyrus is a long-lasting,
paper-like material made
from reeds.
• Egyptians made papyrus
by pressing layers of
reeds together and
pounding them into
sheets.
• They could be easily
rolled into scrolls. Scribes
wrote on papyrus using
brushes and ink.
What is the Rosetta Stone?
• It is a huge stone slab
inscribed with
hieroglyphics,
Egyptian Demotic,
and classical Greek
languages.
• In 1799 a French
soldier discovered
this stone.
• The stone unlocks the
key to the mysterious
Egyptian
hieroglyphics.
Egyptian Texts
Book
of the
Dead
• Because papyrus did not decay in Egypt’s dry
climate, many Egyptian texts still survive.
Historians can read about ancient medicine,
science, government records and literary works.
The Book Of The Dead is an example that tells
about the afterlife.
Egypt’s Great Temples
• Egyptians believed
that temples were
homes of the gods.
People visited the
temples to worship,
offer gifts to the
gods and ask for
favors.
Temple of Karnak
as it looked in
Ancient Egypt
Temple of Karnak at Luxor
as it looks today
The Temple of Ramses the Great
at Abu Simbel near Aswan
This temple
was moved to its
present location
make way for
the Aswan Dam
The Sphinx
• What is a sphinx?
• A sphinx is an
imaginary creature
with the body of a
lion and the head
of other animals or
humans.
Obelisk
• What is an
obelisk?
• It is a tall, foursided pillar that is
pointed on top.
• Where this famous
obelisk is located
and what is it
called?
Pottery
Egyptian Art
Paintings
jewelry
Wooden
carvings
King Tutankhamen
• In 1922 Howard Carter
discovered an
undisturbed tomb in the
Valley of the Kings, an
area where many
pharaohs and their family
members were buried.
• His tomb was filled with
unimaginable treasures.
• His tomb has taught us
much about Egyptian
burial practices and
beliefs.
A dashing
fellow, I
might add!!!
Howard Carter
King Tut’s tomb in the
Valley of the Kings
Inside King Tut’s Tomb
King Tut and
his wife
Burial
chamber
Treasures inside the tomb…
ready for the afterlife.
More treasures!!!!!
King Tut’s chariot and
other personal items
Gold, Gold, and more Gold!!!!!!
King Tut… then and now.
What killed King Tut?
Infection set in after a bone was badly broken.
Summary
• Ancient Egyptians developed one of the bestknown cultures of the ancient world.