1.) Explain at least two possible reasons why Europeans developed technology at a faster rate than Native Americans.

1.) What was the name of the Spanish settler who devoted his life to establishing missions and converting Natives to Catholicism up and down the coast of California?
2.) Explain the different views on property of the
Natives and Europeans?
3.) What is the accepted theory for how Natives migrated to the Americas?
4.) What group of Europeans discovered America first?
5.) List the three major Native civilizations in the
Americas prior to European contact?

6.) Columbus saw the Natives as equals who the
Spanish could form a relationship with that would benefit both the Spanish and the Natives.
True/False
7.) What is the most important crop to the establishment of the United States?
8.) The mission system is best associated with the: a. Vikings b. English c. Spanish d. Aztec
9.) Explain the importance of Pocahontas to English settlement.
10.) Who came to the Americas with the intention to stay and set up lasting colonies and for a new land full of freedom and opportunity?
English/Spanish

“The era of Colonies”

• John Smith : Lead the English colony through martial law.
• Became depended on and learned from the
Native Powhatan Indians.
• The first settlement to succeed. Also the cultivation of Tobacco made America an economic target for Europeans.
– Results in the first slaves in the new world!!

• She was an Indian Princess who helped make peace w/ British settlers and learned the English language.
• She pushed for Indian rights in Britain and played a large role in showing that the natives weren’t savages..

• Said to have risked her life to save John Smith from being beheaded.
• Pocahontas was used as a tool to convince
Englishmen that natives could be “tamed”.
• Was captured by English settlers and held ransom for English prisoners.
• Taken to England were she died of an unknown disease.
• While in captivity she improved her English, was baptized, changed her name to Rebecca, and married John Rolfe.

• Portugal, but it was brought to the U.S. by the
French, Dutch & English.
• Millions of slaves had already arrived in S.
America and the
Caribbean by the time the first shipment of 20
Africans arrived in
Jamestown in 1619.

Around 15 Million taken from Africa, orders were even given by African Kings as a way to make money!!!!!

• Between 550,000 and 650,000 slaves were brought to the United States.
• Which States required the most? Why?

• In 1638 the average slave cost $27!!
• The average
European laborer cost about $0.70 a day.
• Indentured Servant :
– Europeans who got a free ride to America in exchange for a couple years of free labor.
• Why not just escape?
• Normal punishment for a runaway was 30 whips and a “R” brand on their cheek and stuck working in shackle for one full year!!!!

1.) What perspective is the primary source written from?
2.) Provide a summary of what the journey was like for indentured servants? Use detail and examples from the reading.
3.) What is the message of the reading. Why would people put themselves through this?

What’s the big deal with the Pilgrims?
• They were separatists who wished to purify the
Church of England. (Puritans) Met resistance and came to America for religious freedom.
• Landed on Cape Code outside of Virginia
Company territory and later settled in Plymouth.
• Mayflower Compact:
– Considered the first written constitution, purpose was to keep sailors from committing mutiny.
• Slaughtered and enslaved Indians and treated women like cattle.

After 100 years of English Settlement we are left with the Original 13 colonies
• 1607 Virginia
• 1620 Massachusetts
• 1626 New York
• 1633 Maryland
• 1636 Connecticut
• 1636 Rhode Island
• 1638 Delaware
• 1638 New Hampshire
• 1653 North Carolina
• 1663 South Carolina
• 1664 New Jersey
• 1682 Pennsylvania
• They were British
Colonies and the people of the colonies were servants to the
British Crown.
• These new colonies slowly created a new
American identity.

• The Indian Problem :
– Pushing west = more confrontation with Natives.
– Scalp Bounty = 12 pounds in 1700, 100 by 1770.
• Nat Bacons rebellion :
– Virginia country farmers tired of Indian attacks,
Nat Bacon led poor farmers, servants and some slaves to Jamestown and burned it.
– Importance = People standing up against the gov’t, showed that problems were on the horizon.

• 3 Minister’s daughters start acting strange and their Indian slave is accused of being a witch. Soon, calling someone a witch become a means for getting off free or arresting someone.
• Importance :
– Showed the need for a proper judicial system.

• Great Awakening 1730s-1750s: Rebirth of religion within the colonies.
• Enlightenment 1700s : Start looking beyond traditional assumptions. Reason, scientific method and rational thought.
• Importance: They both challenged the status queue and more importantly the church. The beginning of independent thought.

• Write an essay showing the importance of
3 of the following events/people: (3 paragraph min)
– Jamestown
– Indentured Servants/Slaves
– Great Awakening/Enlightenment
– Salem Witch trials.
– Pilgrims
– Pocahontas

• What do you hate most about society today?
• What could be done to change it?

• Create a timeline based on the lecture that follows colonial resistance and rebellion to
British rule.

• Also know as 7 years war
• French and Natives work together to stop the spread of English Colonies.
• Starts in Virginia under the command of a young George Washington. Virginians are constantly defeated.
• King George II gets mad and goes full scale at Quebec and turns the war in
1759.

• United Colonial people towards a common cause for the first time.
• The British claim huge new chunks of land, including Florida since Spain had sided with the
French.
• Left British in huge debt, which they wanted the colonist to pay back.
• Colonist were surprised at the weakness of the
British government.

• “Lacked consent of
Governed”
• Proclamation of
1763
– Limited settlement

• Sugar Act (1764)
– To stop smuggling of goods
– Taxed goods, tried in single judge court
• Stamp Act (1765)
– Tax on documents and printed items
– Boycott British Goods

• “Straw that broke the camel's back”
• Over a plan to haul
Americans to trial in
England.

• Imported Tea not taxed, but domestic Tea was taxed.
• Dumped 18,000 lbs of
East India Company’s tea into the Boston
Harbor.

• Quartering of troops :
– Forcing colonist to house British troops.
• Results in the forming of the 1 st
Continental Congress to draw up colonial rights.

• Colonist take Boston and hold British
Soldiers (redcoats).
• Colonist use gorilla tactics.
– Hiding, snipers.
– While English hold their positions.
• Battle of Bunker Hill June (1775)
– Deadliest battle of the war to come.
– 1,000 British and 450 Colonist dead.

• Tomas Paine’s
– Helped to convince colonist that they should break away from England.
– Patriots: wanted break from G.B.
– Loyalist: stay loyal to the king.
– Thomas Jefferson

• Movie/Journal
– What is a Patriot? A loyalist?
– Why are William’s and Ben Franklin’s relationship torn apart during the
Revolutionary War?
– How does their relationship represent the different beliefs of the colonist of the time?