100 Years War
Date: Wednesday
March 26
TSWBAT list and describe the events leading
up to the decline of Feudalism; explain the
causes of the 100 years war; define Joan of Arc
Warm up: Answer these two questions on your worksheet:
1. What are two big events that are happening in the middle
Ages?
2. What is the Feudal System?
Activity: PPT of the end of the Middle Ages; Joan of Arc reading and
questions
• News article/news
report due
MONDAY
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
What do I need
for class today?
The End of Feudalism
• Build on What You Know :
– The Crusades began the decline of feudalism in
Europe.
– You learned about a series of crises—including the
plague—that further weakened feudalism in
Europe.
• Before the end of the century, the plague had
killed tens of millions of people in Europe,
North Africa, and western Asia. In Europe,
about one-third of the total population was
killed.
The Effects of the Black Death
• The plague that struck western Eurasia in the
mid-1300s is called bubonic plague.
– Its victims experienced severe chills, fever,
convulsions, and vomiting.
– Victims also developed dark spots on their skin and
swollen glands.
– A person infected with the
bubonic plague was usually
dead within a few days.
– The plague of the 1300s
became known as the Black
Death.
Reaction to the Plague
• Christians and Muslims reacted differently to
the plague.
• Christians often saw the plague as a
punishment for sin.
• By comparison, Muslims saw the plague as
testing their faith in God.
• Regardless of their faith, the plague had killed
20 to 30 million people by 1400.
The Decline of the Feudal Social
System
• European workers were so scarce that those able
to work could demand higher pay for their labor.
• The shortage of labor and higher wages
weakened feudalism because workers began to
migrate in search of higher wages.
• In Europe, the hostility toward Jews that
developed during the Crusades continued during
the bubonic plague.
• Jews were often accused of causing the plague by
poisoning water wells.
Date: Thursday
March 27
TSWBAT explain the importance and history
of Joan of Arc through reading a NYTIMES
article; explain the decline of the Middle
Ages and the beginning of a new era
(Renaissance); brainstorm ideas
Warm up: Answer this question1) historically, what motivates most wars?
Activity: PPT and the End of the Middle Ages and the 100 years
War… what happens next?
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
Philip VI of France vs Edward III of England
The Beginning of the 100 Years War
• In the 1300s, England and France faced not
only the plague but frequent warfare as well.
• Between 1337 and 1453, England and France
fought each other in the Hundred Years’ War.
• It was actually a series of wars—not one
continuous battle.
Background for the War- where it
began!
• William, Duke of Normandy, was
from the Norman region of France.
• He claimed to be the rightful king of
England. In 1066, William captured
England in what is called the
Norman invasion.
• He became known as William the
Conqueror and tied the nobility of
France with the nobility of England.
• Over the years, tensions grew over
who had the right to rule either
region.
Years of Battle: 100 years war
• Those tensions reached a crisis point in the early
1300s:
1. England claimed territory in the
southwest of France.
2. France was supporting Scotland’s fight
against England.
3. There was also debate about rights to sea
travel in the English Channel.
The Beginning
• Fighting began when the
king of France tried to take
the territory claimed by
England in southern
France.
• The English king
responded by claiming that
he was the rightful king of
France.
• In 1337, England attacked
France.
The 100 Years War
• The English had several victories however, in 1428, the English
attacked Orleans, one of France’s last major strongholds.
• A French peasant girl known as Joan of Arc led the French to
victory.
• By 1453, the French had driven the English from France and
ended the war.
Joan of Arc (c. 1412–1431)
• Joan of Arc was born a
peasant in France, around
1412.
• She was a devoted Catholic
and when she was about 13,
she believed that religious
visions were urging her to
fight the English during the
Hundred Years’ War.
• In 1429, she went to Charles,
the French heir to the throne
and convinced him that her
visions were divine.
– Charles made her a knight.
Joan of Arc (c. 1412–1431)
• In May 1429, Joan led the
French to victory in the
battle against the English
at Orleans.
• A year after the victory at
Orleans, Joan was
captured by allies of
England.
• She was eventually
executed in 1431.
• She became a national
heroine in France and was
declared a saint by the
Catholic Church in 1920.
WHY DO YOU
THINK JOAN OF
ARC IS NOW
RENOWNED AS A
HEROINE?
Joan of Arc
• Read the news paper
article on Joan of Arc
and answer the
following questions
Date: Friday
March 28
TSWBAT describe Joan of Arc through
reading a news paper article; summarize
their opinions; explain the reasons for a
move to re-birth and why it was necessary
Warm up: review answers and discuss Joan of Arc reading
Activity: End of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the
Renaissance period
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
• Reaction paper due
Monday!
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
New Weapons
• New weapons changed warfare in Europe and
around the world:
– A longbow shot arrows that could penetrate a
knight’s armor.
– Europeans also took advantage of new gunpowder
weapons.
• Gunpowder technology came from China, but Europeans
developed the technology into a major instrument of war.
• The longbow and gunpowder weapons could easily
defeat knights.
– Over the next 300 years, the development of gunpowder
weapons would greatly change the intensity and organization
of warfare.
New Weapons
• What weaponry advancements have we had
present day?
• How have these weapons changed what we
know as warfare?
The End of the Middle Ages
• For centuries, many European societies
followed the feudal structure.
• Due to the Plague, the Crusades, and the 100
Years War, European feudalism broke down
and signaled the end of the Middle Ages.
Social and Political Changes
• Social and Political Structures European trade and
towns grew throughout the Middle Ages.
• People kept moving from the country to towns
seeking their fortune.
• Towns required stability to make business and
trade more reliable.
• Stronger monarchies could provide that stability.
• As a result, towns increasingly became centers of
support for monarchies, and monarchies in turn
expanded their power.
Social and Political Changes
• Monarchies gained even more strength after
the Hundred Years’ War.
– For example, the French monarchy no longer had
to worry about an English claim to their throne.
• The French Monarchy would eventually
become the best example of an absolute
monarchy under King Louis XIV (1643–1715).
• With guidance from skilled councilors, Louis
would make France the most powerful nation
in Europe.
New Ideas
• For many historians, the end of the Middle Ages
began with the development of large nations
that had powerful central governments run by
kings.
• As the Middle Ages came to an end, scholars
continued the study of classical texts
• New ideas about learning, science, and art
developed in Italian cities.
• The new ideas spread along European trade
routes.
• This new era is called the Renaissance
What does the word Renaissance
MEAN?
• Brainstorm what you can foresee this new era
bringing:
Date: Monday
March 31
TSWBAT brainstorm about what the word
renaissance means; write a journal entry to
explain experiences of the black death; analyze
a video; describe the geographical location of
Italy in the expansion of the renaissance
Warm up: Turn in your REACTION PAPER and
DISCUSSION/EVALUATION WORKSHEET! See next slide
Activity: Renaissance review and discussions
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
Warm up!
• Write a diary entry for the time period by
answering the following prompt:
"Imagine that you have live in Florence, Italy
immediately following the Black Death. You have
survived, but many around you have not. Describe
your environment. How do you feel?“
• After completion, students will be asked to share
their response with their neighbor
• After the small group discussion, three volunteers
will be asked to share with the class
THINK: use your notes from last week!
1. why did the Renaissance occur?
2. What new ideas and interests drove the new
way of thinking in Italy, and eventually the rest
of Europe?
trade route map
• Why was Rome so successful?
– Geographical location
• We will examine a trade route map and
answer corresponding questions.
• This will allow us to understand the
geographical advantages of Italy that helped
assist the spur of the Italian Renaissance.
Complete Trade Map
• Where is Venice?
• Mediterranean
Sea?
• Locate
Constantinople
and Alexandria
on your map
• Identify
population sizes
for question 4.
• Complete the
following
questions on your
own!
Date: Tuesday
April 1
TSWBAT explain the geographical reasons of
the spread of the Renaissance and the reasons
Italy was the base; analyze a primary source to
explain the importance of the Medici Family
Warm up: trade map questions discussed! Video on the
beginning of the Renaissance
Activity: analyze a primary source; discussion; closure
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
Complete Trade Map
• Where is Venice?
• Mediterranean
Sea?
• Locate
Constantinople
and Alexandria
on your map
• Identify
population sizes
for question 4.
• Complete the
following
questions on your
own!
Video 1: Da Vinci's World Part 1
• Answer questions on your worksheet!
Lorenzo de Medici: background info
• He was a diplomat, politician
and patron of scholars, artists,
and poets
• He is best known for his
contribution to the art world,
giving large amounts of money
to artists so they could create
master works of art.
• His life coincided with the high
point of the mature phase
Italian Renaissance and his
death coincided with the end
of the Golden Age of Florence
Lorenzo de Medici
• We will be broken into groups of four to
examine a letter by Lorenzo de Medici.
• You have guided questions to assist in
analyzing the Primary Source.
• We will be discussing these answers and
turning them in for points
Closing Card
• At the bottom of your Medici answer sheet:
Write a ONE PARAGRAPH (5 complete and
grammatically correct sentences) response to
this question on a sheet of scratch paper:
"How did Lorenzo de Medici's family values and
personal interests shape the origins of the
Renaissance?"
Date: Wednesday
April 2
TSWBAT brainstorm ideas behind art:
technique, how you learn this, what is the point
of art?; describe renaissance art and artists;
describe pieces of renaissance art according to
what they learned
Warm up: Answer these questions– WHO takes art class? What
do you learn in art class? What techniques? Why do you take
art? What is important about it? Is it fun?
Activity: Renaissance artists and characteristics introduced
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
Vocabulary
• Renaissance- The cultural rebirth that occurred in
Europe from roughly the fourteenth through the
middle of the seventeenth centuries, based on the
rediscovery of the literature of Greece and Rome.
• Humanism- an outlook or system of thought
attaching prime importance to human rather than
divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs
stress the potential value and goodness of human
beings, emphasize common human needs, and
seek solely rational ways of solving human
problems.
• Secular- denoting attitudes, activities, or other
things that have no religious or spiritual basis
Characteristics of Renaissance Art
• Individualism- showed
individual people instead of
groups
• Classicism- classic Roman
and Greek influence
• Nature- depicted the
outdoors
• Anatomy- focused on
defined and precise human
anatomy
Characteristics of Renaissance Art
• linear perspective- the appearance of things
relative to one another as determined by
their distance from the viewer
• Realism- artistic representation that aims for
visual accuracy
• Depth- used light and shading to create this
– blue background- created depth
• Symmetry- balanced proportions
Symmetry, light and shadow, religious
Artists of the Renaissance
• Baldassare Castiglione
– Italian courtier, diplomat,
soldier and a prominent
Renaissance author
– His Book of the Courtier caught
the "spirit of the times“
– Castiglione's depicted how the
ideal gentleman should be
educated and behave
– the touchstone of behavior for
all the upper classes of Europe
for the next five centuries.
Artists of the Renaissance
• Niccolo Machiavelli
– Italian historian, politician,
diplomat, philosopher, humanist,
and writer based in Florence
during the Renaissance.
– He was a founder of
modern political science, and
more specifically political ethics
Artists of the Renaissance
• Leonardo da Vinci
– was an Italian
Renaissance polymath: painter,
sculptor, architect, musician,
mathematician, engineer,
inventor, anatomist,
geologist, cartographer, botanist,
and writer.
– Painted the Mona Lisa
– Known as the epitome of a
Renaissance man
Artists of the Renaissance
• Michelangelo Buonarroti
– was an Italian sculptor,
painter, architect, poet,
and engineer of the High
Renaissance who exerted
an unparalleled influence
on the development
of Western art
– held to be one of the
greatest artists of all time
– Painted the ceiling of the
Sistine Chapel
Artists of the Renaissance
• Raphael
– Italian painter and architect of
the High Renaissance.
– His work is admired for its clarity
of form and ease of composition
and for its visual achievement of
the ideal of human grandeur.
– Together
with Michelangelo and Leonardo
da Vinci, he forms the traditional
trinity of great masters of that
period
Artists of the Renaissance
• Sandro Botticelli
– Italian Renaissance
painter
– His works represent
the linear grace of
Early Renaissance
painting.
– Among his best
known works are The
Birth of
Venus and Primavera
Vitruvian
Man:
Why is this
considered
Renaissance
Art?
The Birth of Venus: Why is this
considered Renaissance art?
Date: Thursday
April 3
TSWBAT analyze a piece of art; compare
and contrast two artists; formulate their
opinion about renaissance art and two
artists
Warm up: take student poll on images on next slide.
Activity: read opinion article: Was Michelangelo a better artist
than Da Vinci?- answer questions; WEBQUEST
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
Which do you prefer?
Read document
• How did Leonardo achieve fame?
• Why was Michelangelo a successful artist?
• How were the careers of these two artists
alike and different?
• What provoked the long-running spat
between Michelangelo and Da Vinci?
• Describe each man’s personality; what did
they look like, act like, what were they
interested in?
web quest
• GO TO
http://www.sonic.net/bantam1/renart.html
• Scroll down to the chart and click on links to
answer the questions!
Date: Friday
April 4
TSWBAT describe renaissance art and what
they understand; navigate the web to
describe the art; reflect on what they
learned
Warm up: So far, What did you find most interesting about
Renaissance Art?
Activity: complete web-quest; writing activity
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
Date: Monday
April 7
TSWBAT
Warm up:
Activity:
• Book
• Binder
• Pen/pencil
Current Assignments
Past Due
Assignments
What do I need
for class today?
Renaissance images
• http://sse6348renaissance.weebly.com/lessonplanprocedures.html ---- opening day
information
• http://www.pbs.org/empires/medici/renaissa
nce/index.html
• ----web-quest for them
The Beginning of a New Age
• Between 1300 and 1600 the Western world
was transformed.
An extraordinary wave of artistic and cultural
innovation shattered medieval society and
brought European culture reluctantly into the
modern era.
This was the Renaissance.
Movement away from the Church
• http://www.pbs.org/empires/medici/renaissa
nce/heresy.html