Cells- Structure and Function
1. Organelles- Parts inside the Cell.
2. Cell Wall- Only in plant Cells. Outer layer used for protection and support.
3. Cell Membrane- Both Cells. Thin membrane; outer layer used for protection and allows
substances to enter and exit cell.
4. Cytoplasm- Jelly like fluid between nucleus and cell membrane; holds organelles.
5. Mitochondria- Both cells- “powerhouse of cells”. Produces energy for cells.
6. Nucleus- Both cells- Control center or “Brain” of Cell. Directs the Cell activities. Both Cells
7. Nucleolus- Part of nucleus used for protection. Both Cells
8. Nuclear Membrane- Outer layer of nucleus. Used for protection of nucleus. Both Cells
9. Golgi Apparatus (Body)- Receives material from Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) like the
mailroom because it stacks, ships, and sends parts from ER to the other parts of cell. Both Cells.
10. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- Ribosomes are attached giving it a bumpy look. Used for
protein synthesis and break down to carry it from one part to the other. Both Cells
11. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- Both Cells- Transfer system which helps so carry
substances throughout the cell.
12. Ribosomes- Like Factories that produce protein. May be attached to Rough ER or float
freely. Both Cells
13. Lysosomes- Break down particles and waste and broken down cell parts. Digestive part of
cell. Both cells
14. Vacuole- Large in plant cells- used for storage part of cell. Stores food, water, and other
materials.
15. Chloroplast- Only in plant cells. Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for
plant cell. Contain chlorophyll which gives plants their green color.
16. DNA- Double Stranded molecule in cells in which genes are inherited from parents. Both
Cells
17. Chromatin- Strands in nucleus responsible for nucleus instructions. Both Cells.