Raoul Dufy
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Raoul Dufy
Le Cavalier arabe (Le Cavalier blanc), 1914, oil on canvas,
66 x 81 cm, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
Born
3 June 1877
Le Havre, France
Died
23 March 1953 (aged 75)
Forcalquier, France
Nationality French
Education
École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts
Known for
Painting, drawing, design, printmaking
Notable
La Fée Electricité (1937)
work
Movement
Fauvism, impressionism, modernism,cubism
Raoul Dufy (French: [ʁa.ul dy.fi]; 3 June 1877 – 23 March 1953) was a
French Fauvist painter, brother of Jean Dufy. He developed a colorful, decorative style
that became fashionable for designs of ceramics and textiles, as well as decorative
schemes for public buildings. He is noted for scenes of open-air social events. He was
also adraftsman, printmaker, book illustrator, Scenic designer, a designer of furniture,
and a planner of public spaces.
Contents
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1Biography
2Works
3Illustrations
4Notes
Biography[edit]
Raoul Dufy was born into a large family at Le Havre, in Normandy. He left school at the
age of fourteen to work in a coffee-importing company. In 1895, when he was 18, he
started taking evening classes in art at Le Havre's École des Beaux-Arts (municipal art
school). The classes were taught by Charles Lhuillier, who had been, forty years earlier,
a student of the French portrait-painter, Ingres. There, Dufy met Raymond
Lecourt and Othon Friesz with whom he later shared a studio in Montmartre and to
whom he remained a lifelong friend. During this period, Dufy painted mostly Norman
landscapes in watercolors.
In 1900, after a year of military service, Raoul Dufy won a scholarship to the École
nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where again he crossed paths with Othon
Friesz. (He was there when Georges Braque also was studying.) He concentrated on
improving his drawing skills. The impressionist landscape painters, such asClaude
Monet and Camille Pissarro, influenced Dufy profoundly. His first exhibition (at the
Exhibition of French Artists) took place in 1901. Introduced to Berthe Weill in 1902, Dufy
showed his work in her gallery. Then he exhibited again in 1903 at the Salon des
Independants. A boost to his confidence: the painter, Maurice Denis, bought one of his
paintings. Dufy continued to paint, often in the vicinity of Le Havre, and, in particular, on
the beach at Sainte-Adresse, made famous by Eugène Boudin and Claude Monet. In
1904, with his friend, Albert Marquet, he worked in Fecamp on the English Channel (La
Manche).
Raoul Dufy, Regatta at Cowes, (1934), Washington, D.C. National Gallery of Art.
Henri Matisse's Luxe, Calme et Volupté, which Dufy saw at the Salon des Indépendants
in 1905, was a revelation to the young artist, and it directed his interests
towards Fauvism. Les Fauves (the wild beasts) emphasized bright color and bold
contours in their work. Dufy's painting reflected this aesthetic until about 1909, when
contact with the work of Paul Cézanne led him to adopt a somewhat subtler technique.
It was not until 1920, however, after he had flirted briefly with yet another style, cubism,
that Dufy developed his own distinctive approach. It involved skeletal structures,
arranged with foreshortened perspective, and the use of thin washes of color applied
quickly, in a manner that came to be known as stenographic.
Dufy's cheerful oils and watercolors depict events of the time period, including yachting
scenes, sparkling views of the French Riviera, chic parties, and musical events. The
optimistic, fashionably decorative, and illustrative nature of much of his work has meant
that his output has been less highly valued critically than the works of artists who have
addressed a wider range of social concerns.
Dufy completed one of the largest paintings ever contemplated, a huge and immensely
popular ode to electricity, the fresco La Fée Electricité for the 1937 Exposition
Internationale in Paris.
Dufy also acquired a reputation as an illustrator and as a commercial artist. He painted
murals for public buildings; he also produced a huge number of tapestries and ceramic
designs. His plates appear in books by Guillaume Apollinaire, Stéphane Mallarmé,
and André Gide.
Sketch (1918) by Dufy for aCharvet silk square, Centre Pompidou
In 1909, Raoul Dufy was commissioned by Paul Poiret to design stationery for the
house, and after 1912[1] designed textile patternsfor Bianchini-Ferier used in
Poiret's[2] and Charvet's[3] garments.
In the late 1940s and early 1950s Dufy exhibited at the annual Salon des Tuileries in
Paris. By 1950, his hands were struck withrheumatoid arthritis and his ability to paint
diminished, as he has to fasten the brush to his hand. In April he went to Boston to
undergo an experimental treatment with cortisone and corticotropin, based on the work
of Philip S. Hench. It proved successful, and some of his next works were dedicated to
the doctors and researchers in the United States.[4][5] In 1952 he received the grand prize
for painting in the 26th Venice Biennale. Dufy died at Forcalquier, France, on 23 March
1953, of intestinal bleeding, which is a likely result of his continuous treatment. He was
buried near Matisse in the Cimiez Monastery Cemetery in Cimiez, a suburb of the city
ofNice.
Works[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has
media related to Raoul
Dufy.
Art portal
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Hommage à Mozart, (Web Gallery Private Art Collection)
Le 14 juillet au Havre, rue pavoisée, (1906, Web
Gallery Private Art Collection)
French modern art exhibition 1939 treasure 3 National
Library of Latvia displayed via The European Library
Works by Raoul Dufy (public domain in Canada)
Raoul Dufy's artworks in context, Museum of modern art
André Malraux
Illustrations[edit]

Jean Cocteau, Bertrand Guégan (1892-1943); L'almanach
de Cocagne pour l'an 1920-1922, Dédié aux vrais
Gourmands Et aux Francs Buveurs[6]
Notes[edit]
1. Jump up^ Tourlonias, Anne (1998). Raoul Dufy, l'œuvre en
soie (in French). Avignon: Barthelemy. p. 41. ISBN 2-87923094-2. Le 1er mar 1912, Raoul Dufy et Charles Bianchini
signent le contrat.
2. Jump up^ Hay, Susan (1999). From Paris to Providence,
Fashion, Art and the Tirocchi Dressmakers' Shop, 1915–1947
("Modernism in Fabric: Art and the Tirocchi Textiles"). Rhode
Island School of Design.
3. Jump up^ Raoul Dufy: Paintings, Drawings, Illustrated Books,
Mural Decorations, Aubusson Tapestries, Fabric Designs and
Fabrics for Bianchini-Férier, Paul Poiret Dresses, Ceramics,
Posters, Theatre Designs. London: Arts Council of Great
Britain. 1983. p. 106.
4. Jump up^ Harris JC (2010-04-01). "LA cortisone". Archives of
General Psychiatry 67 (4): 317–
317. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.29. ISSN 0003-990X.
Retrieved2013-02-18.
5. Jump up^ health.com. "11 Famous People With Rheumatoid
Arthritis". Retrieved 2013-02-23.
6. Jump up^ Notice WorldCat; sudoc; BnF. Engraved on wood
and unpublished drawings of: Matisse, J. Marchand, R. Dufy,
Sonia Lewitska, de Segonzac, Jean Émile
Laboureur, Friesz, Marquet, Pierre Laprade, Signac, Louis
Latapie, Suzanne Valadon, Henriette Tirman and others.´
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WorldCat
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VIAF: 56661160
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LCCN: n80082297
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ISNI: 0000 0001 2134 1523
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GND: 118681125
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SUDOC: 027379760
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BNF: cb12223382x (data)
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ULAN: 500024166
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NDL: 00438343
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RKD: 24635
Authority control
Categories:
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1877 births
1953 deaths
Cubism
Fauvism
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19th-century French painters
20th-century French painters
French Impressionist painters
Modern painters
People from Le Havre
School of Paris
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