Grade 9 Fitness Unit:
Theory Component
Using Our Brain to
Benefit Our Body
Introduction
 What
is Health?
Health is a “state of complete physical,
mental and social well being, not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity.”
 What is Fitness?
Fitness is “the ability to meet the demands
of the environment around you.”
Health Components
We will be looking at two components of
Health  Health Related Components and
Skill Related Components.
 What is the difference?
 Health Related: Factors that affect your
lifestyle
 Skill Related: Factors that affect your
success at a given task

Task 1 : Match the Components of Fitness with their definitions.
Cardiovascular
Fitness
Refers to the range of movement at a joint.
Co-ordination
Refers to the proportions of lean body mass and body fat.
Muscular
Endurance
The mixing of different abilities into the smooth execution of
task.
Speed
The ability to maintain the equilibrium of the body.
Balance
The ability to produce strength performances quickly.
Agility
The ability to respond to a given stimulus.
Flexibility
The ability to change direction accurately and quickly.
Power
The quickness with which one is able to move the body from
one point to another.
Reaction Time
The ability of a muscle or muscle group to apply force and
overcome resistance.
Strength
Refers to the capacity of the muscle or group of muscles to
work continuously.
Body Composition
The ability to exercise the whole body for prolonged periods
of time.
Correct Comparisons
Cardiovascular
Fitness
Co-ordination
Muscular
Endurance
Speed
The ability to exercise the whole body for prolonged periods of time.
The mixing of different abilities into the smooth execution of task.
Refers to the capacity of the muscle or group of muscles to work
continuously.
The quickness with which one is able to move the body from one point
to another.
Balance
The ability to maintain the equilibrium of the body
Agility
The ability to change direction accurately and quickly
Flexibility
Refers to the range of movement at a joint.
Power
The ability to produce strength performances quickly.
Reaction Time
The ability to respond to a given stimulus.
Strength
The ability of a muscle or muscle group to apply force and overcome
resistance.
Body Composition
Refers to the proportions of lean body mass and body fat.
Task 2
Identify a sport or activity that utilizes one
of the components we reviewed. Think of
a sport/activity for each component
 Identify a professional athlete that
possesses a great amount of one of the
attributes. Identify an athlete for each of
the components.
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Health Related Components of Fitness
CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS
“THE ABILITY TO EXERCISE THE WHOLE BODY
FOR PROLONGED PERIODS OF TIME.”
What words would you link with Cardiovascular Fitness ?
• Linked words include : endurance, stamina and aerobic fitness.
What frequency and intensity of Training would you expect to
perform to improve Cardiovascular Fitness ?
• To improve CV Fitness you should choose an activity in which your
body has to WORK CONTINUOUSLY for a LONG PERIOD OF
TIME (e.g. jogging, swimming etc.)
• Work levels should be maintained for 30 MINUTES and should be
repeated 3 TIMES A WEEK. (Heart Rate should be 60-80% of max.)
STRENGTH
• Can be defined as :
THE ABILITY OF A MUSCLE OR MUSCLE GROUP TO
APPLY FORCE AND OVERCOME RESISTANCE
There are 3 different types of Strength
• Static or Isometric – When FORCE is applied to a NONMOVING OBJECT.
• Dynamic or Isotonic – Which involves the MOVEMENT of
the muscles / joints etc. against a MOVING object.
• Explosive – Which involves all the athlete’s strength going
into a QUICK MOVEMENT.
Give an example of a sporting activity that you would
associate with each different type of Strength
Static / Isometric Strength
• Rugby Scrum
• Tug of War
• Wrestling
Dynamic / Isotonic Strength
• Weight Lifting
Explosive Strength
• High Jump
• Long Jump
FLEXIBILITY
“REFERS TO THE RANGE OF MOVEMENT AT THE
JOINT.”
• Can be improved by STRETCHING the muscles and tendons
and by extending the ligaments and supporting tissues BEYOND
THEIR NORMAL RANGE OF MOVEMENT.
There are 3 different types of stretching
• Static Stretching - EXTENDING a limb beyond its normal
range. The position is held for at least 10 seconds.
• Active/Dynamic Stretching – Extending a joint beyond its
normal limit, and repeats this RHYTHMICALLY over a period
of 20 seconds.
• Passive Stretching – Joint flexibility is improved by
EXTERNAL FORCE caused by partners or coaches who move
the limb to its end position and keep it there for a few seconds.
Skill Related Components of Fitness
AGILITY
o Is defined as :
“THE ABILITY TO CHANGE DIRECTION
ACCURATELY AND QUICKLY.”
In what type of activities is Agility important ?
o In GAMES ACIVITIES this is a very important factor.
CO-ORDINATION
o Is defined as :
“THE MIXING OF DIFFERENT ABILITIES INTO A
SMOOTH EXECUTION OF A TASK.”
o It can include hand-eye co-ordination in catching a ball
or eye-foot co-ordination in kicking a ball.
In what type of activities is Co-ordination important?
REACTION TIME
“THE TIME REQUIRED TO RESPOND TO A GIVEN
STIMULUS.”
o An example where a fast reaction time is a definite
advantage would be reacting to a starter’s gun in a 100m
race.
POWER
“THE ABILITY TO PRODUCE STRENGTH
PERFORMANCES QUICKLY.”
o I.e the combination of strength and speed
SPEED
“THE QUICKNESS WITH WHICH ONE CAN MOVE
THE BODY FROM ONE POINT TO ANOTHER”
BALANCE
o Is defined as :
“THE ABILITY TO MAINTAIN THE EQUILIBRIUM
OF THE BODY.”
There are 2 types of balance
o Static – The equilibrium is maintained in a FIXED
POSITION, usually while stood on one foot.
o Dynamic – The equilibrium must be maintained while
performing a task which involves MOVEMENT e.g.
Walking the beam.
Give sporting examples where you think the two different
types of balance are required.
Static – Right before a diver performs a dive
Dynamic – Walking the beam
Highlight what skill & health related components of fitness are
most valuable in each of the following sporting activities:
1. Marathon Running
2. Squash
3. Javelin Throwing
4. Bowling
5. Hockey
6. Golf
7. Weight Lifting
Each sport can have more than one component
Active Living
How can one get healthy? Using the
F.I.T.T. principle, there are many ways.
Frequency
Intensity
Type
Time
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http://physed.sjsd.net/G_5_FITT_prinicple
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